2. Source: Zhuangzi, Autumn Water, Zhuangzi and Keiko Swimming on the Haoliang.

3. Excerpts from the original text:

Chuang Tzu and Keiko together play on the bridge of Hao. Zhuangzi said, "It is a pleasure for minnows to travel leisurely." Keiko said, " you are not a fish, where do you know that the fish is happy?" ？ ” Chuang Tzu said, " you are not me, how do you know I do not know that fish is happy?" ？ ” Keiko said, "I'm not a son, and I really don't know a son;" The child is not a fish, and the child does not know the joy of fish, all of it! "

4. Translation:

Zhuangzi and Keiko play together on the bridge of Haoshui. Zhuangzi said, "How leisurely the minnows swim in the river, which is the happiness of the fish. Keiko said, "You are not a fish. How can you know that fish are happy?"

Zhuangzi said, "You are not me. How do you know that I don't know that fish are happy? Keiko said, "I'm not you, but I don't know you." You are not a fish in the first place, and you don't know the happiness of fish, which is completely certain. "

Extended data:

Appreciation:

This article is excerpted from Autumn Water. "Autumn Water" is another long story in Zhuangzi. With the first two words as the title, the center is to discuss how people should know foreign things. The whole article consists of two parts. The first part describes the conversation between the North Sea Poseidon and the River God, which is the main body of this article.

The latter part has written six fables, each of which is self-contained and unrelated, and has no structural connection with the previous part of the dialogue between Poseidon and River God, which is not very helpful to the expression of the whole theme, and seems to be detached.