Catalog
1.Morphological features
2.Distribution range
3.Planting techniques
4.Purchasing skills
5.Nutritional value
Morphological features
Garlic scapes, that is, garlic shoots, including the flower stalks and the involucral bracts in two parts. Carex is the involucre at the top of the garlic flower stem, containing the underdeveloped inflorescence. The outer skin of garlic moss is rich in fiber. Choose a good seed, mulch cover choose no pests and diseases, no extrusion, no damage to the large petals of the seed, deep turning of the ground before sowing, mu Shi 5000 kg of rotted organic fertilizer as a bottom fertilizer, and then make a border, the ridge. Ridge width of 70 cm, 10-15 cm high, ridge spacing 30 cm, ridge sowing 6 rows of garlic, plant spacing 10 cm.
1-2 days before sowing with water soaked smothered garlic seeds, a little drying in the sowing, planting depth of 3 cm or so, pay attention to cover the film Fertility Management Fertility Management: Garlic is a crop that requires a lot of fertilizer, in the premise of heavy fertilizer, a reasonable fertilizer 4-5 times. General 2-3 leaf period when applying a fertilizer, mu ammonium sulfur 5-10 kg, watering enough to keep the field moist. Garlic after the plant began to live independently, flower buds and scale buds began to differentiate, the plant entered the vigorous growth period. At this time, the demand for fertilizer increases significantly. Fertilizer to phosphorus fertilizer, nitrogen fertilizer, and reasonable irrigation.
After garlic moss bending, about 5-7 days before the shoots, should stop watering and uncovering the film, the border hook row once, so that the soil moisture emanation, reduce the temperature of the border in order to facilitate the shoots. Garlic moss harvest, bulb into the expansion period, in order to accelerate bulb expansion, in garlic moss after harvest, timely fertilizer once, to ammonium sulfate, manure water-based, to promote the expansion of garlic, garlic moss nutrients into the same time, reasonable irrigation, to maintain the soil temperature. Mainly occurs on the leaf after the onset of the leaf blade appeared rectangular or irregularly shaped prevention and control methods with the seed immersion 24 hours to improve its own resistance to disease in the early stages of the disease liquid spray. Before entering the storage should be thoroughly disinfected and sterilized storage, can be used in the library Carex not expanding, Carex stem base without aging, thickness uniformity, Carex stem length should be not less than 30 cm is best to use the pre-harvest garlic moss, and pay attention to do not after the rain or with dew harvesting harvesting is strictly prohibited in the sun and placed at room temperature can not be timely storage of garlic moss, should be placed in the shade of a cooler place normal physiological phenomenon in garlic plants quickly, and the seed garlic Nutritional consumption within the net exhaustion, when garlic growth depends on the root system to absorb nutrients, in the supply of nutrients from the mother of garlic to the root system to absorb nutrients in the process of garlic seedling nutrient production.
This normal phenomenon usually occurs in the plant 1-4 leaves appear to occur. The impact of abnormal climate garlic is cold vegetables, stem and leaf growth of the appropriate temperature of 12-16 ℃, when the temperature reaches 26 ℃ or more, leaf respiration, water transpiration, nutrient consumption, this time in the plant at the top of the upper leaf tip production from the tip of the leaf to the base of the gradual development of the dry tip, which in turn appeared. If you meet the dry hot wind, the damage to the leaves is more serious.
The earlier the occurrence, the more serious the harm. Cultivation measures of the impact of the root system of garlic is moisture-loving root system, fibrous root distribution range is small, high requirements for water and fertilizer. Soil is too dry or too wet, insufficient fertility, it is very easy to appear yellow leaf dry tip. In addition to years of heavy cropping, density is too large, the lack of nitrogen or potassium fertilizer is also easy to appear yellow leaves dry tip phenomenon. This cause of dry tip in the production of more common, often in the plant part of the leaves occur.
Distribution range
Cangshan County, Shandong Province, Jinxiang County, the same country named China's garlic township, is the main source of garlic and garlic. In addition, Laiwu in Shandong Province, Pizhou in Jiangsu Province, Qixian in Henan Province and Zhongmou are the main producing areas of garlic moss and garlic. Da Ming County in Hebei Province is also the main product of garlic. Garlic is divided into two seasons garlic moss and garlic. Cangshan garlic to produce garlic moss, the mature garlic is relatively small, Jining Qufu City is also the main garlic moss Shanghe garlic varieties.
Shanghe garlic moss good quality, usually constant temperature library storage until the Spring Festival sales, Shanghe County garlic moss good quality. Due to the Shanghe garlic has fragrant, spicy, lush, sticky characteristics, because of the content of allicin significantly higher than other producing areas and is known as the world's first garlic. Produced garlic are exported to China's high-quality garlic, garlic for the white skin, the head of a large clove Qi, skin as thin as paper, white like jade, sticky spicy fragrance, rich in nutrients.
Planting techniques
One, choose a good seed
Choose to harvest varieties of garlic moss for the purpose of the province's current preferred "four six cloves of Gao Mi," "Anqiu white skin," "Cangshan Garlic," and other varieties.
Two, select garlic cloves
Select cloves large and proportionate, color white, stem plate good, no moldy garlic cloves, remove small cloves, core cloves, yellowing cloves, water loss cloves, each hundred cloves of garlic weighing more than 400g, 667m2 with more than 160kg of seed.
Three, fertilization and selection of fertile soil, drainage and irrigation plots, strictly prohibited the use of previous crops are onions, onions, garlic, leeks of the plot. Deep plowing 25cm, ploughing before each 667m2 with chicken manure 3m3, three compound fertilizer 50kg, rare earth micro fertilizer 3kg as base fertilizer. Make a flat bed with a width of 1.2-1.5m and a ridge width of 25-30cm.
Four, garlic seed treatment
1, peel off the stem disk. Strip the stem disk of the garlic cloves by hand, which is conducive to early rooting.
2, cut the skin to show the tip. Use scissors to cut off the tip skin of the garlic cloves, exposing the tip flesh, conducive to sprouting.
V, sowing
1, sowing period. Shandong is generally sown in late September, early October, so that the plant can reach a certain amount of growth before winter, otherwise the yield is low.
2, plant spacing. Row spacing 18-20cm, plant spacing 6-8cm, such as the choice of "high density four six cloves", 667m2 planted 58,000-60,000 plants; with "Cangshan Garlic" 667m2 planted 50,000-52,000 plants.
3, sowing method. Row spacing is wider, can open the ditch spot sowing, ditch depth of 6-7cm, according to the requirements of the plant spacing under the seed, seed petals upright into the bottom of the ditch in the loose soil, and then cradle flat, so that the top of the seed petals cover the soil thickness of 3cm. row spacing is narrower than the convenience of opening the ditch, can be used in the jacks to sow seeds. Socket is nailed to a board on a row of finger-thick 6-7cm long short wooden stick, and then put on a wooden handle in order to operate. Sowing with a hole with a jack, and then put the garlic cloves into the hole, with a small wooden stick or finger to press the garlic cloves into the bottom of the hole, fill the hole with soil.
4, watering mulch. After sowing the seeds, use the stone roller to press down the border, so that the soil is solid and loose, the ground is flat, and then the water is flooded. After the water seeped down, timely pressure on the weed control film or black film. To reduce grass damage. Then use the soil to compact the film, so that the film is close to the ground, garlic buds can automatically break the film growth, if you can not break the film, still need to break the film manually.
Six, seedling management 1, watering overwintering water. Before the snow can be poured 1 time overwintering water, in order to facilitate the overwintering. 2, spring growth management. early March, the average daily temperature reaches 7 ℃, seedlings began to green growth. At this time, try not to water, until the growth of planting before watering, and with the water into the urea 10kg, potassium chloride 10kg.
Seven, planting period management
1, water and fertilizer management. Into April, the plants began to sprout, when the average temperature of 13-20 ℃, this time growing quickly, the amount of fertilizer water is very large, and thus the first half of April with water 667m2 into the urea 10-15kg, potassium chloride 10kg, at the end of April, 667m2 and then with the water into the urea 10-15kg, potassium chloride 10kg. sprouting period of the general watering once every 8-10 days to ensure that the soil is dry, wet, too little or too much water can easily cause a lot of trouble, but not too much water. Too little or too much water is easy to cause early plant failure.
2, control of pests and diseases. After the return of green before the start of the tree is the period of garlic maggot egg laying, available phoxim control. If white rot, dry rot, can be sprayed with metribuzin or diclofenac 1-2 times to prevent and control.
Eight, caretaker management caretaker period is the most water-demanding period of garlic, this time the leaves are fully formed, the weather is hot, plant transpiration and soil moisture
Evaporation also increased, to 5-6 days of watering once to keep the ground moist, to promote the growth and development of garlic moss, 3-4 days before harvesting, stop watering.
Nine, garlic moss harvest
Garlic moss should be harvested at the right time, too early is not easy to harvest garlic moss, thus reducing the yield, too late is easy to lignify. Harvesting the right time for the involucre white, the upper Carex body from straight to curved. It is appropriate to harvest in the afternoon, when the plant carex body mildly wilted, toughness increased, can reduce the broken carex. Can also be used in the leaf sheath part of the vertical scratch, and then to the side of the caretaker, which can improve the yield of more than 20%, but this method of harvesting garlic moss is not suitable for refrigeration, should be noted. Garlic moss harvest should be immediately after the application of a nitrogen fertilizer, available ammonium bicarbonate 10-15kg/667m2, fertilizer after watering 1 time to promote the growth of garlic.
Buying tips
Garlic moss appearance
Mainly look at whether there is no injury. There is no very wilted look. We recommend that you pick the ones that look neat and round.
Color of garlic moss
When picking garlic moss, you will find that there are green and dark green. It is recommended that you pick the dark green color, which feels slightly more tender.
Is the garlic moss tender
You can pinch the root of the garlic moss with your thumb and forefinger. If it breaks easily, then it is fresh. People can just pick more than one that pinches off well. Don't waste too much when you pinch it.
Freshness of Garlic Moss
If you want to pick fresh garlic moss then you need to pay attention to 2 points.
1. Whether the appearance of garlic moss is very full, not appear wilted.
2 garlic moss tip, if the tip is also very full, very green, then the garlic moss is relatively fresh.
The thickness of the garlic clover
The garlic clover that is too thin has little flavor. If it's too thick, it's hard to chew. It is recommended that you just pick a medium thickness.
Nutritional value
Garlic moss is warm in nature and has the ability to warm the middle and lower the qi, tonifying the deficiency, harmonizing the internal organs, as well as having the efficacy of blood circulation, cancer prevention, sterilization, abdominal pain, diarrhea has a certain therapeutic effect.
Bactericidal effect
Garlic moss contains chorine, its bactericidal ability can reach one-tenth of penicillin, pathogenic bacteria and parasites have a good killing effect, you can play a role in preventing influenza, preventing wound infections and the efficacy of insect repellent.
Allicin and allicin contained in garlic clover can inhibit the growth and reproduction of bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus aureus, dysentery bacillus, Escherichia coli, Vibrio cholerae and so on.
Laxative anti-hemorrhoids
Garlic moss outer skin is rich in fiber, which can stimulate bowel movement and regulate constipation. Eat more garlic moss, can prevent the occurrence of hemorrhoids, reduce the number of recurrence of hemorrhoids, and light to moderate hemorrhoids have a certain therapeutic effect.
Control and prevention of coronary heart disease, atherosclerosis, lipid-lowering and other effects
Garlic moss is rich in vitamin C has a significant role in lowering blood lipids and preventing coronary heart disease and atherosclerosis, and can prevent the formation of blood clots. It can protect the liver, induce hepatocyte detoxification enzyme activity, can block the synthesis of nitrosamine carcinogens, thus preventing the occurrence of cancer.