I want to fish in classical Chinese in junior high school, and I want to fish in the original text; Bear's paw is what I want. You can't have both, and you can take the bear's paw instead of the fish. Life is also what I want; Righteousness is also what I want. You can't have both, and those who give up their lives for righteousness are also. Life is what I want, and I want more than the living, so I don't want to get it; If there is no more than death in disgust, what can be done to avoid the evil that can be used to escape evil? If people want nothing more than life, why not use those who can live? What makes people worse than the dead, then why not avoid the patients? If you are right, you will be born with no need, and if you are right, you can avoid suffering and do nothing. A bowl of rice, a bowl of soup, get it can live, do not get it will starve. But with disdain to drink to eat, the hungry pedestrians are unwilling to accept; To kick others to eat with their feet, the beggars would not accept them.
The senior official accepted it without distinguishing whether it was propriety or propriety. Call for it, and the people on the street will be blessed; It's too much to beg for help. Is it for the splendor of the house, the service of the wives and the poor who know to be grateful to me? For the beauty of the palace, the service of wives and concubines, the poor and needy get me and you? The hometown is not subject to physical death, and today it is the beauty of the palace; The hometown is not subject to physical death, and now it is regarded as a wife and concubine; I don't want to die in my hometown, but now I want to do it for the poor and needy: yes or no? This is called the loss of human nature.
Fish is what I want, and bear's paw is what I want. If these two things can't be obtained at the same time, then I would rather give up fish and choose bear's paw. Life is what I want, and justice is what I want. If these two things cannot be obtained at the same time, then I would rather sacrifice my life and choose righteousness. Life is what I want, but what I want is more than life, so I don't do anything to drag out an ignoble existence; I hate death, but there are things I hate more than death, so I don't avoid some disasters. If what people want is not more important than life, then what means are not available for all the methods that can save life? If people hate nothing more than death, then what can be done to avoid disaster? You can survive by some means, but some people refuse to use it; A certain method can avoid disaster, but some people refuse to adopt it. Thus, what they love is something more precious than life (that is "righteousness"); What they hate is something more serious than death (that is "injustice"). Not only sages have this idea, but everyone has it. It's just that sages can not throw it away.
A bowl of rice, a bowl of soup, you can live if you eat it, or you will starve to death if you don't eat it. But the hungry people who passed by refused to accept it when they scolded others to eat it; Kicking others to eat, beggars are not willing to accept it. (But some people) accepted the generous salary without knowing whether it was in line with the etiquette. In this way, what good is a generous salary for me? Are you grateful to me for the gorgeous residence, the service of wives and concubines and the familiar poor? In the past, (some people) died for (morality) rather than accept (charity from others), but now (some people) accept it for the beauty of the house; In the past, (some people) would rather die than accept (alms from others) for (morality), but now (some people) accept it for the service of wives and concubines; In the past, (some people) would rather die than accept (charity from others) for (morality), but now (some people) accept it in order to make the poor people they know appreciate their kindness. Can't this kind of behavior stop? This is called losing human nature.
The fish I want is also a brief introduction to Mencius (about 372 BC-about 289 BC), whose name is Ke and the word Ziyu (to be tested, the word Ziche or Ziju). Han nationality, a native of Zouguo (now Zoucheng City, Shandong Province) in the Eastern Zhou Dynasty, was a great thinker, educator, politician and writer in the Eastern Zhou Dynasty and the Warring States Period. One of the main representatives of Confucianism. Politically, he advocated that the law should precede the king and be benevolent; In theory, Confucius was praised and Yang Zhu and Mo Zhai were opposed. Known as the Yasheng by the later Buddha, his disciples recorded Mencius' words and deeds as a book "Mencius".
Mencius first made an analogy with specific things that people are familiar with in their lives: fish is what I want, and bear's paw is what I want. In the case that both cannot be obtained at the same time, I would rather give up fish and want bear's paw; Life is what I cherish, and righteousness is what I cherish. In the case that I can't get both at the same time, I would rather give up my life and get the essence. Mencius compared life to a fish and righteousness to a bear's paw, thinking that righteousness is more precious than life, just as bear's paw is more precious than fish, which naturally leads to the idea of "giving up life for righteousness". This proposition is the central argument of the whole article.