Peanut planting in China has a long history. /kloc-After the middle and late 9th century, the production scale of peanut in China expanded rapidly and developed into an important crop. By the 1920s, the annual planting area of peanuts in China reached 400,000 hm2, of which Shandong Province accounted for about half. From the 1920s to the end of 1940s, China suffered from internal troubles and foreign invasion, and wars were frequent. Agricultural production, including peanuts, was greatly affected, and there was a lack of accurate statistical data. However, peanut production was generally on the increase. By 1949, the national peanut planting area was about1260,000 hm2 (more than three times the average in the 1920s), and the total output was about1200.

In 1950s, peanut production in China developed rapidly. During the period of1950-1959, the average annual peanut planting area in China was 2.03 million hm2, with an average annual total output of 2.43 million tons, which was more than 80% higher than that of 1949, of which the planting area of 1956 reached 2.58 million hm2. However, the average annual planting area of1960-1969 decreased to1630,000 hm2, and the total output was1630,000 t, in which the annual area and total output of196/kloc-0 were lower than1940. 1970 ——1979 The average annual planting area is1820,000 hm2, with a total output of 2.23 million tons. 1980-1989, the average annual planting area was 2.74 million hm2, with a total output of 4.99 million tons. By 1985, the area exceeded the historical highest level of 1956, and remained above 2.9 million hm2 and the annual total output was above 5 million tons. 1990-1999, the average annual planting area rose to 3.57 million hm2, and the total output reached 9.2 million tons. The area of1999 reached a record 4.28 million hm2, and the total output12.7 million tons. 1993 The total peanut output in China exceeded 8 million tons for the first time, and has remained above 8 million tons since then, ranking first in the world. In 2000-2002, China's peanut planting area reached 5 million hm2, and the total output was above14.5 million t, a record high.

In terms of peanut yield, there was little change from 1950s to 1970s, and the average yield was around 1 100kg/hm2. In 1980s, the average yield was 1823kg/hm2, and in 1990s, the average yield further increased to 2540kg/hm2, which indicated that the peanut production level in China was significantly improved in the last 20 years of the 20th century. Since the 1980s, China's peanut has not only greatly increased in area and total production, but also greatly improved in cultivation methods. From the past, it was mainly planted in spring to various cultivation methods such as spring sowing, plastic film mulching in dry land, plastic film mulching in paddy field, summer sowing after wheat and interplanting, and peanut cultivation in some developed areas began to be mechanized.

At present, the provinces with an annual peanut planting area of over133,000 hm2 in China are Henan, Shandong, Hebei, Guangdong, Anhui, Guangxi, Sichuan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Hubei, Hunan and Liaoning, among which the planting areas of Shandong and Henan provinces are all over 800,000 hm2.

1981-peanut production in China in 2000

1981-The growth of peanut production in China during the year 2000 is shown in the table. In the four "five-year plans", peanut production showed a continuous growth. 1998—In 2002, the average annual peanut harvest area in China was 4.658 million hm2, with a yield of 2,947.7 kg/hm2, with an average annual total yield of13.738 million t, in which the national peanut area reached 5.025 million hm2, with a yield of 2,986.2 kg/hm2 and a total yield of12002. Among domestic crops, the planting scale of peanuts has risen to the seventh place (according to the average statistics released by FAO from1998 to 2002), ranking in rice (30166,000 hm2), wheat (26.69 million hm2), corn (24.629 million hm2) and soybean (8.93).

China plays an important role in peanut production in the world. According to FAO statistics, the average annual harvest area of peanuts in the world from1998 to 2002 was about 24.672 million hm2, with an average annual total output of 34186,000 t and an average yield of about 1425.0kg/hm2, of which the average annual planting area in India was about 7.3 million hm2 (accounting for 29.83% of the world peanut area). China's peanut planting area ranks second in the world after India, accounting for 19.4% of the world's peanut area, but the average annual total output ranks first in the world, accounting for 40. 17% of the world's total output. The yield per unit area is 1 times higher than the world average and has caught up with the yield per unit area of peanuts in the United States as a whole. Since 1993, China's total peanut output has been the first in the world, and China is the largest peanut producer in the world in terms of total output.