Li Duan, a native of Zhaojun, was a scholar in Dali for five years. He sang with Lu Lun, Ji Zhongfu, Han _(hóng), Qian Qi, Sikong Shu, Miao Fa, Cui Dong (dòng), Geng _(wéi) and Xiahou Shen, and was named the Ten Talented Persons. Ten gifted scholars in Dali period are a school of poetry represented by ten poets in Tang Daizong Dali period. Their common feature is that they focus on poetic form skills, but the date of birth and death of these 10 people is unknown. Among them, Miao Fa, Cui Dong (a cave), Geng _, Xiahou Shen and Ji Zhongfu are life is unknown. According to Yao He's Ji Xuan Ji and The Book of the New Tang Dynasty: 1. Qian Qi Qian Qi (722-780) was born in Xing Wu (now Huzhou City, Zhejiang Province). In the tenth year of Tianbao (75 1), Qian Qi, at the age of 30, was admitted as a scholar, and later served as a doctor in the exam, so he was called "Qian Kao Gong" in the world. He was also the uncle of Huai Su, one of the cursive writers. Qian Qi is known as the' top ten gifted scholars in Dali'. He is very good at five-character poems, with beautiful words, harmonious rhythm, novel physique and light reasoning. There is a saying that' there was Shen Song before, and then there was a rich man'. "Shen Song" refers to Shen Qi and Song Zhiwen, famous poets in the early Tang Dynasty. People call him' Qian Lang' along with the famous poet Lang Shiyuan. Qian Qi was very dissatisfied with this. He said proudly,' Why can Lang Shiyuan be compared with me?' The story that God helped him get into the Jinshi was widely circulated. Who are the ten gifted scholars in Dali? Everyone has a masterpiece, you know? One day in the 9th year of Tianbao in Tang Dynasty (750), in a hotel in Jingkou (now Zhenjiang, Jiangsu), Qian Qi was staying up late to study hard. Suddenly, he heard someone chanting a poem repeatedly in the yard: "At the end of the song, people disappear, and the peaks on the river are green." Qian Qi pushed the door out of the room and came to the yard. I only see the moon is hazy, the trees are swaying and silent. Who is singing poetry? What's the matter? Is it haunted? Qian Qi was very puzzled. He went back to the room bitterly and repeatedly experienced this poem. He felt that the space spirit was so charming that he kept it firmly in his mind. In the second year, Qian Qi came to Chang 'an to take part in the does examination. The examiner was Li _, and his test paper was "Xiang Ling Gu Se", which required him to write a five-character poem. "Xiang Ling drums and harps" comes from the famous sentence of Qu Yuan, a great romantic poet, in "A Journey to Chu Ci":' Make Xiang Ling drum and harp, and make Hai Ruo dance Feng Yi'. There is a sad myth and legend in this poem. Legend has it that Emperor Yao had two beautiful daughters, E Huang and Nv Ying, who both married Shun Di. On the way to southern China, Shun Di died of illness in Cangwu (now Wuzhou, Guangxi). After E Huang and Nv Ying got the bad news, they cried day and night on the banks of Xiangjiang River. The bamboos along the river were stained with their deep-rooted and sad tears, and became mottled from then on, and they were called Bambusa or Xiangfeizhu. Soon, they sadly threw themselves into the river and became the gods of Xiangjiang River. People called them "Xiang Ling", and Ling means God. Legend has it that Xiang Ling often plays the piano and harps on a moonlit night. If people listen carefully in Xiangshui, they will vaguely hear their sad tone and melody. Qian Qi is well aware of the allusions and stories contained in this topic. When he conceived it, his inspiration flashed. Isn't the sentence in his mind "When the song ends, people will not see it, and there will be several peaks on the river" just in use! Therefore, Qian Qi used rich imagination to describe Xiang Ling's drums and harps from the perspective of a listener, and used this sentence at the end of the poem. "Provincial Trial of Xiang Ling Drums and Harvesters" is good at drumming clouds and Harvesters, and is often heard of the spirit of Emperor Zi. The beautiful music makes the river god FUNG dance, and the travelers who travel far can not bear to hear. The deep sad melody, even the hard stone is moved and sad; The sonorous, sonorous tone of the music, the penetration is so strong, has been flying to the lofty place. Cangwu came to complain, and Angelica dahurica moved fragrant. The music flowed down the water to the Xiangjiang river, and into the lake, flying through the vast Dongting lake. The music quiet, but did not see the drum se goddess of water, the river on the dissipation of smoke, revealing a few peaks, green and charming. Li _, the examiner, was stunned by the beautiful and ethereal artistic conception shown in the poem after seeing this test paper. He chanted softly over and over again, especially the last sentence, which was even more lingering, as if people could see the image of a goddess who had just put down the clouds and gone away leisurely among the green mountains and green waters. Li _ couldn't help exclaiming, "This can't be written by human beings.". Li _ decisively admitted Qian Qi and gave him a high ranking. Qian Qi became famous in one fell swoop, and this poem of his became the best work in the provincial trial poems of the Tang Dynasty for 300 years. Only it was imitated and never surpassed. Second, Xiahou Shen Xiahou Shen, whose life story is unknown. In the first year of Jianzhong (A.D. 780), he tried the subject of "Military Planning to Surrender the Masses" and was awarded the title of school bookkeeper. Finally, he became an official. He made friends with poets such as Wei Yingwu, Lu Lun, Qian Qi, Sikong Shu and Li Jiayou, and Li Jiayou praised him for his "colorful sentences in his sleeve". Most of his works are lost. There is a poem in The Whole Poem of Tang Dynasty: Embroidering Shoes in a Quilt; A toad in the cloud falls into a phoenix's nest, and Yulang Shen Zui also touches it. On that day, Wang Chen's romantic life decreased, and he only saw socks between waves. Yunjin was caught in the quilt, and the jade foot of the beautiful woman was wearing small embroidered shoes, which were as beautiful as the hooked moon, and the spoony Yulang rubbed embroidered shoes and was intoxicated. He sighed that Cao Zhi's romantic life was not as good as before, because he had met Luo Shen. This poem describes two of a kind, a young man, as a warm fragment when his feelings are strong. It belongs to erotic poetry, with low style and no characteristics in thought and art. Third, Geng _ Geng _(wéi) was born in Hongyuan, Hedong (now Shanxi), in the first year of Baoying, Tang Daizong (762), and Geng _ was promoted to the first place in the Jinshi, and he was finally picked up by the official. Geng _ is a famous poet. He has close contacts with Lu Lun, Li Duan, Qian Qi, Sikong Shu, Xiahou Shen, Chang Dang and others. His poems are known for their simplicity, simplicity, and style. Today, there are two volumes of Geng _ Ji handed down from generation to generation. His masterpiece: "Spring is the Thing" is a few acres of Donggao House, where youth lives alone. The family is poor and the servants are slow, and the officials are friends and friends. Strong drinking wine, ashamed to read broken books. Idle flowers are more everywhere, what is the melancholy? In the second year of Dali (767), Geng _ was removed from zhouzhi county (now Zhouzhi, Shaanxi Province) and went home to live in seclusion, writing this melancholy and sad improvisation. 4. Cui Yao Cui Yao was born in Anping, Boling (now Anping County, Hebei Province), and was born in the famous "Cui Shi, Boling". His great-grandfather was a writer in the Tang Dynasty, a card shark in the official department, and a secretary who supervised Cui Xinggong less. After Cui Dong became a scholar, he served as a gleaning, mending a vacancy, and collecting a bachelor's degree. He often sang with Dai Shulun, Wei Yingwu, Sikong Shu, Lu Lun, Yan Wei, Huang Furan, Qiu Dan, etc. Cui Yao's poem "Wen Cai Bing Ran, which means Fang Ya" is the only one volume left, and "The Book is sent to Wei Shijun in Suzhou and presents Li Mingfu in Wu County" is a masterpiece among Cui Yao's poems. "Book sentiment is sent to Wei Shizhen in Suzhou and presented to Li Mingfu in Wuxian" Xie Fuming on the lake for several years, and the bamboo stick scarf is temperament. Sometimes outside the cloud, I stay in the temple, and there is nothing to do in the west. Tao Qian county sees flowers and hair, and the moon shines in the building. Who read a book to Wan Li, the king is deep in Jiucheng. This poem, written in Cui Dong's later years, expresses the inner contradiction between being an official and being a hermit all his life. He complained to two friends, Wei Yingwu and Li Mingfu (Mingfu is the county magistrate): I am not far from Wan Li, but I went to the capital to present books. Who knows that "the door of the monarch is heavy", and it is so sincere that it is difficult to reach heaven and listen to it. The meaning of giving and resentment can be seen from this. 5. Li Duan Li Duan, a native of Zhaozhou (now Zhaoxian, Hebei Province), was a scholar for five years in Dali. He has served as secretary of the provincial school, and Sima of Hangzhou. After Li Duan resigned in his later years, he lived in seclusion in Hengshan Mountain, Hunan Province, so he named himself "Hengyue Youren". When he was a teenager, Li Duan went to Lushan Mountain and studied poetry with the famous poem "Monk Jiao Ran". He recalled in "Chang 'an Book to Lu Lun": "The weak crown family is Lu Yue, and the years of studying as a teacher are deep." Among the "Ten Talents in Dali Period", Li Duan is young, but his poetry is outstanding, and he is known as "a genius among talents". There are three volumes of Li Duan's Poems. Most of his poems are for entertainment, showing negative thoughts of avoiding the world, and some of his works also reflect the social reality. Some poems about boudoir are also elegant and can be recited, and their styles are similar to those of Sikong Shu. His masterpiece "Listening to the Zheng" was selected in "Three Hundred Tang Poems", which not only made Li Duan famous, but also won sweet love. During the Yongtai period, Li Duan lived in Chang 'an, preparing to take the imperial examination. At that time, Li Duan's poems were already outstanding. He took part in the imperial examinations twice, but both ended in failing in Sun Shan. He knew that the reason for his failure was that there were no powerful people to pass the list for him, so Li Duan embarked on the road of "paying homage". He met Tang Daizong's Xu, the sixth son of Guo Ziyi, the king of Fenyang, Guo Ai (the male master of "getting drunk and beating gold"). Li Duan won the favor of Guo Ai and Princess Shengping with his outstanding talent and became a frequent visitor to Guo Fu. There was a maid named Jing Er in the Guo House. She was virtuous, beautiful and played the Zheng well. Li Duan fell in love with this beautiful and kind girl at a glance, and often stole a glance at her with her eyes at the banquet. Sometimes, love is so simple, casual, and an unintentional glance makes two people care about each other and have a heart. Guo Wen is generous and generous. After he knew that Li Duan had a crush on Jinger, he had a heart for this beautiful thing. At a party banquet, Guo Ai said to Li Duan with a smile in front of many literati: "If Li Gongzi can write a poem on the topic of Playing the Zheng and make all the guests present happy, then I will be happy to give you the mirror." Li Duan was in high spirits after hearing this. He knew that Guo was going to give him a gift! He looked at the expectant look in the mirror, stood up confidently, paced slowly, and then sang out: her hands of white jade by a window of snow, are glimmering on a golden-fretted harp. Trying to do the best to win the favor of Zhou lang, you see she deliberately Dial the wrong strings. The meaning of the poem is that the beauty sits in front of the jade house, and her slender white hands pluck the golden guzheng and make beautiful music. In order to win the favor of her sweetheart, she deliberately dialed the wrong strings from time to time. Who are the ten gifted scholars in Dali? Everyone has a masterpiece, you know? There is an allusion in the poem that "the song is wrong, but Zhou Lang cares about it": Zhou Yu officially worshipped the corps commander Jianwei when he was twenty-four years old. He was handsome and personable, and all the people of Wu called him "Zhou Lang". Zhou Yu is not only outstanding in military talents, but also very proficient in music. As long as there is something wrong with the tune played, Zhou Yu can hear it at once even if he is half drunk, and will turn his head to look at the player. Therefore, people say, "The song is wrong, but Zhou Lang cares.". Many girls who want to get close to Zhou Yu deliberately miss several times in order to look forward to "Zhou Lang Gu". In this poem, Li Duan skillfully used this allusion to vividly describe the lovely image of Jinger who deliberately dialed the wrong string in order to win the attention of the loved one, and expressed his yearning for love. When everyone heard this, the poem was well written, with appropriate allusions, true feelings and rich meanings. They all cheered in unison, and Guo Xuma kept his promise, and Li Duan won the beauty home with this poem. Under the strong recommendation of Guo Ai and his wife, in the five years of Dali, Li Duan finally became a scholar and was awarded the post of secretary of the provincial school. 6. Sikong Shu Sikong Shu was born in Guangpingfu (now Handan City, Hebei Province). After entering the Jinshi, he was the staff of Wei Gao, our envoy of Jiannan. Sikong Shu was an upright and talented man, but because he was "sexually Geng Jie, he didn't want to do anything", so his official career was bumpy, and he was tired of picking up things left, and eventually he was a doctor at the Ministry of Water Resources. He is good at the Five Laws, his poetic style is elegant, simple and sincere, and his emotions are delicate. He writes more about natural scenery and homesickness, and The Whole Tang Poetry catalogued two volumes of his poems. Lu Lun, one of the ten gifted scholars in Dali, is his cousin, and they are close. When Sikong Shu was down and out, Lu Lun visited his home, and Sikong Shu happily wrote a poem: "I am happy to meet my brother-in-law Lu Lun", with no other neighbour but the quiet night, here I live in the same old cottage. And yellow leaves of yellow leaves fall in the rain, like the fate of the white-haired old man under the light. Ashamed of so long and lonely, you often come to condole me with you. We are friends of poetry to have the fate, let alone you and my two cousins. Silent night, no neighbors around, because the family is poor, can only live in the wilderness. The rainy night makes the yellow leaves on the tree fall, and I am already a white-haired old man under the lamp. I've been so lonely for a long time, and I'm sorry that you have come to visit me many times. We are very affectionate, not to mention that you and I are cousins. 7. Lu Lun, Lu Lun (748-800) was born in Puxian County (now Linfen City, Shanxi Province). Because of his father's early death, he spent his youth at his uncle's house, which made him form a deep friendship with his cousin Sikong Shu. As an adult, Lu Lun repeatedly tried to be a scholar. Lu Lun's social skills are very strong, and his literary talents have been appreciated by Yuan Zai, the prime minister. Yuan Zai dedicated Lu Lun's poems to Tang Daizong, and Lu Lun was able to make up the title of Xiang Wei. Later, due to the engagement of another prime minister, Wang Jin (Wang Wei's younger brother), Lu Lun was promoted to a bachelor's degree in Jixian, supervising the empire, and finally being a card shark. Lu Lun's poems are mainly composed of five or seven words, which are often sung and answered. The frontier poems written by him during his military life have always been told by people because of their bold style and generous mood. The Complete Poems of Tang Dynasty catalogued his poems in five volumes. High in the faint moonlight, wildgeese are soaring, tartar chieftains are fleeing through the dark. Just about to lead the light cavalry to catch up, the snow falls full of bow knives. When Wang Hun _, a famous soldier in the Tang Dynasty and Xianning, served as the deputy marshal of the military forces in Fengtian Hangying, Lu Lun served as the judge of the Marshal's House in the shogunate. The military career of the shogunate gave him a real experience of the life of the soldiers. This frontier poem describes the scene of the general preparing to lead his troops to chase the enemy on a snowy night. It is heroic in style, heroic in spirit and well-known. Who are the ten gifted scholars in Dali? Everyone has a masterpiece, you know? Eight, Miao Fa Miao Fa, life and word, number, date of birth and death are unknown, Luzhou Huguan (now Changzhi City, Shanxi Province) people. At the beginning, he was a magistrate of Leping County. Later, he served as a foreign minister of the Ministry of War, a foreign minister of the driving department, and an official in the end. Miao Fa often wrote poems with celebrities at that time, but few poems were handed down from generation to generation, and only two of his poems were left in Complete Tang Poetry. "Send to Suzhou, Sikong Shu" panmen Wu old land, cicadas do grass in autumn. It's a long time to return home, but it's late to move home. Guangling stayed in the water, and Jianye had a monk period. If you go to Xixia Temple, you should see the General Monument of Jiang. After the Anshi Rebellion was put down, Sikong Shu was going to Suzhou. Miao Fa wrote this farewell poem. The whole poem was tactfully implicit and sincere, expressing Miao Fa's faint melancholy and deep nostalgia. Nine, Han _ Han _, the word Junping, Nanyang (now Nanyang, Henan) people. Tianbao 13 years (754) was admitted as a scholar, and Baoying worked in the shogunate of Hou Xiyi, an envoy of Ziqing, and then returned to Korea with Hou Xiyi, living in Chang 'an for ten years. During Jian's middle age, he was appreciated by Tang Dezong for writing a poem "Cold Food", and he was promoted constantly, and finally he became an official in Zhongshu. Han _' s poetic style is light and unique, and it was widely read at that time. He is the author of Han Junping's Poems. "Cold Food" Spring City is full of flowers, and the cold food is easterly and willows are oblique. The night fell, and the palace was busy with candles, and the smoke wafted up into the house of the prince of Princes and marquises. According to Meng _' s "Poems of Skill", during the Tang Dezong period, there was a shortage of talents in the imperial patent system, and Zhongshu Province nominated for royal approval. Tang Dezong replied, "With Han _", but at that time, there were two officials named Han _ in the DPRK. In desperation, Zhongshu Province submitted them to Tang Dezong for approval at the same time in their names, and Tang Dezong wrote with a stroke of a pen: approving and writing "Spring City is full of flowers" It can be seen that the poem "Cold Food" is widely spread and appreciated. This is a euphemistic and implicit satire poem. It is a long-standing custom in China that cold food is forbidden to fire. On the night of cold food, Chang 'an City should be dark. Only these princes and nobles' homes are exceptionally lit by candlelight and filled with smoke. It makes people feel like they are hot and triumphant. 10. Ji Zhongfu Ji Zhongfu, a native of Poyang, was a Taoist priest at first, and later became a layman. After he became a scholar, he was awarded the title of Wan Nianwei, a school book lang, and served as a doctor of advice, assistant minister of the household department, and sentenced him to do things. Most of his poems are lost, and only one poem is left: "Send to Zhongcheng to make Silla book a memorial ceremony". The official said that Han sat alone and was born in Lu Zhusheng. The realm of the realm leads to the monarchy, and the poor days lead to the water. The island is divided into Vientiane, and the sun turns to double. Gas accumulation ichthyosaur grottoes, waves turning over water and waves. The road is long after the age, and the sea goes to the mountains. After the Taoist ceremony, people look forward to the Han dynasty and make them proud. In the first year of Yongqin in Tang Daizong (765), King Jingde of Silla on the Korean Peninsula died and King Huigong succeeded to the throne. According to the usual practice, in the Tang Dynasty, Cheng Gui revered and served as a mourning ceremony and an ambassador, and went to Silla to perform the mission of mourning the dead king and registering a new king. Ji Zhongfu saw his friend off, and when he left, he wrote this unique farewell poem. This poem is full of fantastic imagination, describing the whole process of Gui Zun's long journey from sea and land to Silla, showing the unique self-confidence and arrogance in the Tang Dynasty.