Mianxian County is located in the south of Shaanxi Province, at the western end of Hanzhong Basin, with Qinling Mountains in the north and Bashan Mountain in the south, and it is located in Sichuan, Shaanxi and Gansu. The county has jurisdiction over 19 towns and 242 administrative villages with a total area of 2,46 square kilometers. Mianxian county is rich in resources, unique in biological resources, and warm and humid in climate. The Hanjiang River, the largest tributary of the Yangtze River, runs through the whole territory, with beads in the basin and a forest coverage rate of 58%. Mianxian County, located in the "Mianluening" Golden Triangle, is known as the "Urals" of Asia by geologist Li Siguang. It is an important metallurgical industrial base and chemical industrial base in Hanzhong City, Shaanxi Province.
the customs and habits of this county, which have been developed for a long time, retain the legacy of our ancestors. After liberation, some backward and superstitious vulgar customs and bad habits were eliminated one after another. The main traditional festivals preserved are:
Spring Festival: Before liberation, before the 3th day of the twelfth lunar month, family members who lived in other places rushed back to reunite with their families, celebrated the Spring Festival with the whole people, and the government sealed it, and the four people (industry, agriculture, business and school) closed their business, sweeping the kitchens and cleaning up the filth. Set off firecrackers at midnight to "meet the gods" and worship ancestors, and paste Spring Festival couplets and door gods. On the first morning of the first month of the first month, the family began to celebrate the New Year, and the elders gave their children "lucky money", so the whole family got together and ate Tang Yuan to show their reunion. On the second day of the second year, dress up and prepare gifts for friends and relatives to pay New Year greetings; On the evening of the fourth day of the fourth month, I once again swept the inside and outside of the kitchen and abandoned the garbage in the wilderness, which was called "five poverty" (five poverty in intelligence, literature, communication, life and learning). During the Spring Festival, we will sing big plays, play with lions, dragon lanterns, floats and social fires, and invite each other to "spring wine" until the Lantern Festival. There are also some poor people who are afraid of being forced into debt during the Chinese New Year and hide, which is called "hiding from the Year".
[CHAAD] After liberation, every Spring Festival, the state stipulates that cadres and workers will take a three-day vacation, and many foreign workers will go home to visit relatives, have a family reunion dinner, visit relatives and friends, and pay New Year greetings to each other. Generally speaking, celebrating the Spring Festival has disappeared from the old customs, but the taboo of worshipping feudal superstitions such as ghosts and gods has basically disappeared. There is no "hiding the year". During the Spring Festival, every household sticks Spring Festival couplets and sets off firecrackers. Various recreational and sports activities are widely carried out in urban and rural areas and cultural performances are organized. Running the "Yellow River", setting off fireworks, playing dragon lanterns, lions, floats, social fires and other projects are becoming more and more abundant. Celebrating the Spring Festival is getting better every year.
Lantern Festival: the 15th day of the first lunar month, also known as Shangyuan Festival. Before liberation, it was night, when every household hung houses with lanterns and played with lanterns. Many women go to a nearby well platform with their newborn babies in their arms, and sprinkle soybeans while walking, which indicates that the baby will pass the measles pass safely. After liberation, the cultural department organized Lantern Festival parties, set off fireworks, solve riddles on the lanterns and couplets on Lantern Festival every time, adding splendor to the festival.
Zhonghe Festival: February 2nd of the lunar calendar, which was called "Zhonghe Festival" before liberation. The so-called "Chinese Dragon Festival looks up", people fry corn and other beans as flowers to beg for "the dragon looks up with its eyes open". While frying jade lace, the elderly housewives read: "On February 2nd, the dragon looked up, the big warehouse was full, and the small warehouse flowed", expecting a bumper harvest. Farmers filled plant ash with dustpans and scattered them all over the house. As the saying goes, "dustpans are dusted", most of them are housewives, and they whispered rhythmically "On February 2nd, dustpans are dusted, insects, grasshoppers and ants flew over" to cancel the meaning of poison and disease prevention. After liberation, the habit of frying corn and other beans for flowers still exists.
Tomb-Sweeping Day: Every generation lived side by side. Before the "fright", he visited a new grave, after the "vernal equinox", he visited the ancestors' graves, and during the "Qingming Festival", he laid a grave and hung paper to show his grief. Up to now, the habit of going to the grave still exists. Every year in "Tomb-Sweeping Day", people come to the tomb of Wuhou in an endless stream to pay their respects, have a spring outing and catch up with the meeting. The broad masses of farmers planted melons and beans before and after the Qingming Festival, and added farm tools. After liberation, every year, "Tomb-Sweeping Day" held a material exchange meeting in Wuhou Tomb, and people inside and outside the county and teachers and students of the school visited Wuhou Tomb, with tens of thousands of people rushing to the meeting. In 1985, the county built a tomb for Liu Caifeng, a revolutionary martyr, in Gaozhaizi. Since then, during the "Tomb-Sweeping Day", many tourists have visited the martyrs' graves on their way to the tomb of Wuhou to remember the heroes and heroes. Dragon Boat Festival: The fifth day of the fifth lunar month, also known as Duanyang Festival. In the morning, wormwood and cattails were hung at the door to show the exorcism and plague. Eating zongzi, oil cakes, wearing sachets, drinking andrographolide wine, and rubbing children's ears and noses with andrographolide wine are common ways to avoid insect bite. In the afternoon, we will send festivals to relatives and friends with wine, rice dumplings and oil cakes. After liberation, eating and sending festivals remained the same, and the number of hanging mugwort in front of the door gradually decreased.
Heavenly Day: The sixth day of the sixth lunar month is a folk festival in ancient times to catch up with temple fairs and spend the summer vacation. On this day, the sun's light intensity is the longest, and it is said that it is not insect erosion to expose fur and other things on this day. So far every year, every household exposes clothes, bedding, books and treasures.
Mid-Autumn Festival: August 15th of the lunar calendar. On this day or the day before, relatives and friends in urban and rural areas exchanged timely fruits and moon cakes. Married women must return to their husbands' homes for "reunion". It is a night family group, drinking green tea, eating fresh fruit, moon cakes, enjoying the moon and Yue Bai. After liberation, offerings and Yue Bai's old habits disappeared, but the habit of eating moon cakes, enjoying the moon and sending festivals remained.
Double Ninth Festival: the ninth day of the ninth lunar month. Farmers celebrate a bumper harvest, and the whole family * * * eats Chongyang Ciba. Because of the old customs, the city "avoids disasters with constant scenery", climbs mountains and picnics, and stretches its mind. More literati, advocating chrysanthemum appreciation, please drink chrysanthemum wine legacy. After liberation, the old customs gradually declined. Mountaineering and chrysanthemum viewing in Chongyang are still in fashion.
winter solstice festival: in October of the lunar calendar, people begin to worship their ancestors, and it lasts until the "winter solstice" around November 21st. On this day, in order to remember our ancestors, we made seasonal food, took them to the grave and incinerated them with paper clothes, which was called "sending cold clothes", which was an activity of offering sacrifices to ghosts and gods. It was nothing new, and it was basically abolished today.
twelfth lunar month: the twelfth lunar month is the twelfth lunar month. On December 8th, it was called "Laba". In the morning, eight kinds of meat, vegetables, melons, fruits and beans were mixed and made into porridge, which was called "laba rice". After the family dinner, pour the remaining porridge on the fruit branches, and wish the next year a fruitful year. This custom still exists.
the 23rd day of the twelfth lunar month. In feudal times, the imperial court ordered officials to "save the tomb leave" to go home to show filial piety. The four people offered sacrifices to the kitchen god with candy, cakes, roosters and incense sticks, wishing him "good deeds in heaven and good luck in the world". After liberation, the custom of offering sacrifices to stoves disappeared.
before liberation, on the 3th day of the twelfth lunar month, the annual food was finished, and it was ready to get rid of the old and welcome the new. Every family cleaned the kitchen and went to the cemetery to burn paper for their ancestors, indicating their resignation. There is no food and drink to welcome the "group year" of overseas returnees. On New Year's Eve, lanterns and candles are hung in every dark corner of the residence, begging for light and expelling darkness. At midnight, the householder worships the ancestors, greets the "God" and sets off firecrackers; Housewives rush to make rice cakes, rice and flowers. Teenagers stay up all night. After liberation, it is still fashionable to have a "group year" meal and set off firecrackers. There are also people who worship their ancestors and burn paper for them, but there are not many.
in addition, there are some old habits, such as "going to the river on March 3rd", "Buddha was born on April 8th, and caterpillar got married today", "being clever" on July 7th, "playing tricks on the horse's feet" on July 13th, and "staying at home for seven days and not going home for eight days", which have been abandoned by the times.