"Gang" means highland in Tibetan. There are four outposts in Lhasa in history: Pabenggang, Jibenggang, Tiebenggang and Sabogang. Pabenggang means "palace on a big stone", which not only overlooks the whole city of Lhasa, but also enjoys a long history in the ancient city of Lhasa. In recent years, the peach blossoms in Pabenggang have attracted much attention. Every April when peach blossoms are in full bloom, many people will drive to Pabenggang to enjoy flowers and take photos.

At present, there are many practitioners in the cave near Pabenggang. Because it's noisy, on weekdays, it's hard to have anything but peach trees in the yard, more breezes than in the city and birds hovering occasionally on the mountains.

Tibetan language creation

"Tibetan has been created for thousands of years, and letter symbols have been passed down from generation to generation. Seeking words across Xuefeng is only for Qinghai-Tibet. " This is a text written by writer Han Jingshan, praising the founder of Tibetan language, Tunmi Sambuza.

The history of Pabenggang began with Tumi Sambuza, the founder of Tibetan language and the first translator, educator and linguist in Tibet. He overcame many difficulties and created Tibetan. His intelligence is an important part of the excellent traditional Tibetan culture, and it is here that Tunmi Sambuza successfully created the Tibetan language.

Historical allusion

In the 7th century, Gambu recruited a large number of troops, broke ground at the top of Hongshan Mountain, and built the magnificent Hongshan Palace Castle (the predecessor of Potala Palace). After the completion of Hongshan Palace Castle, Gambu held a grand celebration. Kings and leaders from far and near heard that a young king named Gambu had done many earth-shattering things, so they sent envoys to Jixuewotang (now Lhasa) to attend the celebration, bringing rich gifts such as camels, elephants, mules and horses and congratulatory letters written in various languages. After the celebration, the kings and ministers in Tibet prepared rich gifts for the kings and leaders of various countries. However, there is a problem that bothers them. Tubo had no words at that time and could not write a reply. He had to send the envoys away through an interpreter and a few words of thanks.

This matter, let * * dry cloth feel very lose face. In fact, before this, because there were no words, there was no way to translate scriptures, make laws, and contact neighboring countries through words. Hanging clothes is very nerve-racking. He has long wanted to have the Tubo people's own characters, and has sent ministers to South Asia to learn Chinese characters many times. Some of these people were killed by robbers, some were eaten by wild animals, some fell ill and died halfway, and the rest returned empty-handed. So Gambu thought of the smart, alert and diligent Tammy Sambuza. The Tibetan king specially called him to his side and entrusted him with saying, "We Tibetans have no words, just like walking in the darkness without lights. You must learn how to make words, which is a great event for generations. "

"One day, the Tibetan king * * was pacing on the newly-built Hongshan Palace Castle, and suddenly he found a big stone shining like a turtle in Beinianggou. He studied the theory of Yin-Yang and Five Elements in Han Dynasty and knew it was a good omen. He immediately led the minister's bodyguard to ride to Niangnianggoukou to check. This rock is flat and wide, which is a natural building platform. The king of Tibet was very happy. He said that he would build a 9-story palace castle on it, and when Tumisanbuza came back, he could write Tibetan in it. After the completion of the palace, it was named Gonggong Karmaparu, later called Pabenggang, meaning' Palace on a Big Stone'. "

"Besides, Tunmi Sambuza went through all kinds of hardships, crossed the snow-covered Himalayas, traveled all over Tianzhu, and finally found the master of philology, Excavate, presented a liter of gold, and respectfully put forward the request of learning to make words. Li Jing said, "I know 64 different languages, all of which are carved on stone tablets by the sea. "Sambuza was by his side, learned the creation method of Tubo characters, mastered the translation method, and returned to Tubo with some books.

King Gambu of Tibet warmly welcomed Thoma Sambuza back and personally accompanied him to Pabenggang in the northern suburb, where he could write Tibetan with peace of mind. Tommy Sambuza lived in it, stayed at home and spent many days and nights like retreats. One day, Tommy Sambuza sent someone to report that Tibetan had been created, and invited Wang Yiding of Tibet to visit Pabenggang. The king of Tibet and his ministers are as happy as finding gold the size of a bull's head.

Millennium ancient peach tree

The grotesque rocks in Pabenggang walked up the rugged stone ladder road and passed through a dilapidated three-story white palace. A small yellow building appeared in front of us, next to a legendary ancient peach tree and surrounded by earth walls.

It is said that more than 1300 years ago, Tibetan king Gambu chose this place to build a nine-story building and practice behind closed doors. Accompanied by Princess * *, she was as famous as Yongbulakang, the first palace in Tibetan history. It is said that the White House, about 50 meters south of the Yellow House, was the practice place where the Tibetan king * * hung cloth. Only after years of washing, the once brilliant nine-story palace only retains three floors, but this yellow building still maintains its original appearance, and its occupant is Princess. The ancient peach tree outside the Yellow House was planted by Princess herself.

Legend belongs to legend. The scientific data given by the Lhasa Municipal Bureau of Landscape Architecture are: the age of the tree is estimated to be more than a thousand years, the height of the tree is 7 meters, and the soil is sandy loam. At present, this tree is thriving. This tree is a symbiotic plant. One of these plants is a peach tree, and the other two plants are unknown.

Nowadays, every April, the peach blossoms all over the mountain will make Pabangka look very beautiful, and the green trees and red flowers all over the mountain are in stark contrast to the history told by the ruins on the mountain. On Tibetan festivals, people will still hang Hada on this Millennium peach tree to express their admiration for the sacred tree; Every summer, nearby residents will still happily cross Karin under this tree-lined peach tree with tents, highland barley wine and food; Every tourist season, tourists from all over the world will still go to the top of the mountain and pay tribute to this thousand-year-old wood with a heavy history from a distance.

Tibetan Journal of Human Geography

March 2020 issue

Outdoor topics in Tibet

"Stop on the roof of the world"

Identify the two-dimensional code in the picture

Look at the physical magazine "Tibet Human Geography" ▼