Song Bridge plays an important role in the history of bridge development. At this time, Luoyang Bridge, Wuli Bridge, Xiangzi Bridge, Bianliang Hongqiao and Shaoxing splayed bridge, which are famous at home and abroad, appeared. In addition, Lugou Bridge in Jin Dynasty is also comparable to these Song Bridges.

There were a great number of bridges built in Song Dynasty. As far as structural types are concerned, there are two categories: beam bridges and arch bridges. Among the beam bridges, there are bamboo and wood beam bridges and Liang Shi Bridge, and among the arch bridges, there are arch bridges made of bamboo, wood and stone. There are many kinds of arch shapes, such as circular arch, folded arch and open-shouldered arch, but of course, Liang Shi Bridge and stone arch bridge can survive for a long time. In addition, there are a few special types of bridges such as pontoon bridges and cable bridges.

China has a long history of bridge building, and Zhao Zhouqiao, the first open-shouldered stone arch bridge, is world-famous. Today, with the deepening of reform and opening up, China is becoming one of the world's bridge powers with a large number of world-class highway bridges with many types, long spans and high difficulties.

before 198s, there was no modern long-span suspension bridge and cable-stayed bridge in China. Since the 199s, with the development of the largest highway construction in the world, China has actively absorbed the latest achievements of structural mechanics, materials science and architecture in the world, and the construction of highway bridges has been greatly developed, and a large number of representative world-class bridges have been built in the Yangtze River, Yellow River and other major rivers and coastal waters. At present, there are more than 32, bridges and 13.376 million linear meters on the 1.87 million kilometers highway, including 717 super-large bridges with a length exceeding 1, meters. Among the top ten bridge types in the world, there are 6 cable-stayed bridges in China and 2 suspension bridges in mainland China, which has completed a historic leap from a bridge power to a bridge power and has become one of the windows to show China's comprehensive national strength.

On April 3th this year, the Runyang Bridge was designed, constructed, supervised and managed by China people themselves, and most of the building materials and equipment used were made or produced by China. It is the first super-large composite bridge composed of suspension bridge and cable-stayed bridge in China, in which the main bridge of Nancha is a single-hole double-hinged steel box girder suspension bridge with a main span of 1,49 meters, ranking third in the world at present, and can handle 5,-ton Panamanian cargo ships. Runyang Bridge is called "China Miracle" by international bridge experts because of its complicated construction conditions, high technical content and particularly difficult construction. After seeing the Runyang Bridge, experts from the American high-level highway delegation said that the United States should learn from China's bridge construction technology. After visiting the bridge, Mr Ito Kaxue, President of the International Bridge Association, thought it was the most beautiful concrete bridge he had ever seen.

The Sutong Yangtze River Highway Bridge with a span of 1,88 meters currently under construction will create many cable-stayed bridges in the world. Among similar bridges in the world, Sutong Bridge has the highest main tower, the largest pile group foundation, the longest stay cable and the largest span. The Hangzhou Bay Bridge, with a total length of 36 kilometers, is the longest highway bridge under construction in the world. In addition, a number of world-class bridges such as Donghai Bridge, Chongming Island River Crossing Passage, Shenzhen-Hong Kong Western Passage and Zhuhai-Hong Kong-Macao Bridge are under construction or in preliminary work. Their completion will once again attract the attention of the world and greatly enrich the treasure house of bridges in the world.

1. Luoyang Bridge

This bridge is located on the Luoyang River, 1 kilometers northeast of Quanzhou City, Fujian Province. It was formerly called Wan 'an Bridge, so it was also called Wan 'an Bridge. It was built from the fifth year of Song Huangyou (153) to the fourth year of Jiayou (159) and took six years to complete. With a total length of 54 meters and a bridge width of 7 meters, it is a beam bridge made of huge stones. Because the bridge is located near the mouth of Luoyang River, the head impact caused by tidal fluctuation is great, and it is very difficult to stabilize the pier by the weight of stones. This bridge adopts the method of planting oysters to fix the foundation. First, stones are thrown along the middle line of the bridge at the bottom of the river, a raft foundation is built, and oysters are implanted. Through the omnipresent propagation of oysters, the scattered stones are cemented into a whole, which is used as the foundation of the bridge. Then, on the solid foundation, 46 piers are built with large stones, and huge Liang Shi is placed on them, and then slabs are laid. Liang Shi has great self-weight and is not easy to carry. Using the environmental characteristics of tidal water level fluctuation, floating bridge is adopted.

2. Anping Bridge

This is the longest bridge in ancient China, with a length of 81 feet (2,5 meters). It is also called Wuli Bridge. It is located in Anhai Town, Jinjiang, Fujian Province. It was built in Shaoxing from eight to twenty-one years (1138-1151) and lasted for thirteen years. It is also a beam stone bridge. It used to be a bay with a wide river. Raft-shaped foundation is used under the bridge, and the piers are built with strips of stone, and the stones are arranged in layers vertically and horizontally, with rectangular and boat shapes, and the bridge deck is made of huge Liang Shi. Later generations, due to hurricanes, tidal waves, earthquakes and other attacks, there were six repairs, and the length of the bridge was shortened to 27 meters due to natural siltation.

Anping Stone Bridge in Jinjiang, Fujian, straddles the bay at the junction of Jinjiang and Nan 'an counties.

iii. Xiangzi Bridge

Xiangzi Bridge, also known as Guangji Bridge, was built during the Southern Song Dynasty (1165 ~ 1173) and is located on the evil stream in the east of Chaozhou City, Guangdong Province. Because the mid-stream is turbulent, it can't be a pier, so a combined bridge composed of a beam bridge and a pontoon bridge is built, with a total length of 518.13 meters. The east and west ends are beam bridges, and the middle is a pontoon bridge, which is connected by ships. In that year, 18 wooden boats were connected into a whole with steel cables, and the planks were laid on the boats as the deck. This bridge creatively solved the traffic problem at rapids and rapids in ancient times, which was a pioneering work at that time. Now the pontoon bridge is easy to be a three-hole reinforced concrete bridge.

Fourth, Lugou Bridge

This bridge is located on Yongding River, 13 kilometers southwest of Beijing. It is a multi-arch stone bridge with holes. It was built in the third year of Jin Mingchang (1192), with a length of 265 meters, a width of 8 meters, a height of about 1 meters and twelve holes. The water front of the pier is pointed to disperse the impact of water, and the rear part is square. The geology under the pier is alluvial sand pebbles, so short stakes are used for reinforcement. The bridge is not only solid in structure, but also famous for its exquisite carving and large number of stone lions with railings and watchposts. This ancient bridge, which has reached more than 8 years, has been well preserved despite several minor repairs in the Qing Dynasty. This bridge once passed through a 429-ton flatbed transporter, standing as usual, showing amazing bearing capacity.

lugou bridge in Beijing. There are 485 large and small lions carved on the watchpost, with different expressions.