A little south of the West Gate of Peking University is a part of the royal garden in Qing Dynasty, which is called Changchun Garden. 100 years have passed, and there are no traces of gardens there. Haidian Gymnasium and various shops occupy the place called Changchun Garden.
Architectural scale of Changchun Garden
Changchun Garden was built in 1684 after Emperor Kangxi returned from his southern tour. According to documents and archives, it is estimated that Changchun Garden is about 1000 meters long from north to south and about 600 meters wide from east to west, covering an area of 900 mu (60 hectares).
There are five garden gates: Grand Palace Gate, Big East Gate, Small East Gate, Big West Gate and Northwest Gate. The main entrance is on the east side of the south wall, and inside the door is the administrative and residential area of Changchun Garden. Along the central axis, the middle road is Dagongmen, Jiujingshi Santang, Ergongmen, Chunhui Hall, Shouxuan Chunyong Hall, Houzhao Hall, Yunya Hall, Ruijingxuan, Shuang Yan Building and Kite Flying and Fish Jumping Pavilion in turn. There are Lilac Dike, Lan Zhi Dike, Taohua Dike, Qianhu and Houhu in the north of the pavilion.
The roads on the east side include Lianningju, Longwang Temple, Jianshan, Yuanjianzhai, Zangzhuo Zhai, Lanzao Zhai, Taifuxuan, Qingxi Bookstore, Xiaodongmen, Muen Temple and Enyou Temple. The west road is Fanfangzhai, Shangmao Street, Wuyi Village, Vegetable Garden, Guandi Temple, Niangniang Temple, Ningchuntang, Ruizhu Garden, Guanlanxie and Jifengxuan.
The west gate of the garden is the West Garden, and there are lakes everywhere. There are some buildings scattered around the lake, such as Yuan Qiu Bookstore, Guande Office and Cheng Liuxuan, which are the residences of the young prince. Changchun Garden is dominated by garden landscape, with simple buildings, mostly small-scale shutter sheds and tile-roofed buildings, without painting. The garden wall is made of tiger skin stone, and the pile mountain is made of soil and flat hills, without precious lake stone.
There are a large number of ancient trees and Gu Teng left over from the Ming Dynasty in the park, and flowers and trees such as Chimonanthus praecox, clove, magnolia, peony, peach, apricot and grape are planted. Elk, white crane, peacock and bamboo chicken are scattered in the forest, and the scenery is beautiful. The pursuit of nature and simplicity influenced the royal palaces such as the Summer Resort and Yuanmingyuan (before the expansion of Qianlong), which were completed after it.
Refer to the above content: Baidu Encyclopedia-Changchun Garden