[ Edit this paragraph] Basic interpretation [1] ① Filial piety: filial piety | dutiful son ② The old manners and customs observed in a certain period after the death of an elder. ③ Mourning: mourning | Dai Xiao ④ Filial surname [edit this paragraph] Filial piety is one of the two basic traditional moral codes of conduct of the Chinese nation, and the other is loyalty. For thousands of years, people have regarded loyalty and filial piety as nature, even as a sign to distinguish people from animals. Loyalty and filial piety were put forward by saints, but not by saints. It is the historical product of long-term social practice in ancient China. Since the Qin and Han Dynasties, China has established a big country with multi-ethnic unity, and there are two guarantees to build it and maintain it. First, we must ensure the effective rule of a large country with a high degree of centralization; Second, it is necessary to enable individual farmers living at the most basic level to live and work in peace and contentment and engage in production. The highly centralized regime and the extremely dispersed peasants should cooperate with each other and reduce their opposition. Under the unified national coordination, they can engage in large-scale cross-regional industrial construction and cultural construction, prevent civil war, resist foreign invasion, and provide disaster relief and prevention. If individual farmers benefit from it, the world will be at peace. Agricultural production is a reasonable choice of China ancient society according to the natural environment. Family is the basic production organization of one household in ancient China, which constitutes the basic cell of society. Families produced by small farmers have the obligation to pay taxes to the state, and the state has the responsibility to protect small farmers. If the relationship between "state" and "home" is well coordinated, the world will be ruled, and vice versa. The highest principle to ensure the effective rule of the country and the monarch is "loyalty"; The highest principle of filial piety is "filial piety" to consolidate the social order at the grass-roots level and increase the harmony in the neighborhood of the township party. The most basic cell in ancient China society was the family. Therefore, compared with loyalty and filial piety, filial piety is more basic. The Book of Filial Piety in the Thirteen Classics regards filial piety as the highest principle for granted. Later, in the Northern Song Dynasty, Zhang Zai wrote Ximing, which integrated loyalty and filial piety on the basis of the Classic of Filial Piety, and formed a complete system of filial piety from the perspective of philosophical ontology. It has played a positive role in the development of the Chinese nation, enhanced national cohesion and formed a * * * understanding of national values. Since the May 4th Movement, some scholars have not treated filial piety as a social phenomenon and behavior historically. For the purpose of opposing feudal thoughts, it is wrong to describe filial piety as the source of evil, because it does not conform to historical reality. Filial piety is the product of ancient social history, and it can't be regarded as the shackles that ancient saints came up with to specifically restrict family children. In ancient agricultural society, the government attached great importance to morality and ethics, and sympathized with the heart of parents in the world, so there was an old saying that "parents don't travel far"; Filial piety runs through, parents should be filial when they are alive, and they often miss their parents' nurturing kindness after their death. To set an example for their children, there is an inherent motto that "the father is watching his will, the father is not watching his actions, and there is no change in the way of the father for three years." When a child is born, his parents guard him day and night, work hard and earnestly, and when he is sensible, he should be "sleepy in the morning" to his parents. Put yourself in the other's shoes, take care of your parents' well-intentioned, so there is "all parents in the world" Entering the modern society, China's social structure is in the process of transformation, and the phenomenon of social aging puts forward a new topic for the study of filial piety. With the implementation of the family planning policy in China, a large number of only children have appeared. Children have the obligation to support their parents. In a new family, a couple has to take care of two parents. Some filial piety codes stipulated by traditional concepts are difficult for filial children to follow today. At present, the social security system is not perfect, and the family still plays the role of a safe harbor regardless of parents or children. Today, the understanding and interpretation of filial piety is facing an unprecedented new situation. The traditional concept that has been cultivated on the basis of family for thousands of years and penetrated into thousands of families needs to be re-recognized from theory to practice. This topic is related to the long-term stability of society and the rise and fall of the nation. As long as we work together, over time, in-depth research, there will be rich results. [Edit this paragraph] On "Filial Piety" in The Analects of Confucius Meng Yizi asked about filial piety. Confucius said: No violation. Fan Chi told me, "Meng Sun asked me about filial piety, and I said," There is no violation. Fan Chi said: What is it? Confucius said: Be born, and do things with courtesy; Death, burial with ceremony, sacrifice with ceremony. Meng Wubo asked about filial piety. Confucius said: Parents only worry about their illness. Ziyou asks filial piety. Confucius said: Today's filial piety means being able to support. As for dogs and horses, they can all be raised; Disrespect, why not? Ask filial piety in the summer. Confucius said: color is difficult. If something happens, the disciple will take care of it; There is wine and food, sir; Was it filial piety? These four chapters are related, so they are explained together. Meng Yizi asked filial piety. Confucius said: No violation. Fan Chi told me, "Meng Sun asked me about filial piety, and I said," There is no violation. Fan Chi said: What is it? Confucius said: Life is a matter of courtesy; When you die, you should be buried with ceremony and sacrificed with ceremony (Meng Yizi asked Confucius what filial piety is. Confucius said: don't violate it. Later, when Fan Chi was driving for Confucius, Confucius told him about it and said, Meng Sun asked me what filial piety is. I answered him: don't violate it. Fan Chi asked: What does this mean? Confucius said: when parents are alive, they should be served according to etiquette; When they die, they will be buried and sacrificed according to the ceremony. The "no violation" in this chapter, according to Confucius' own explanation, should mean no violation of the ceremony. As for why Confucius should explain it in two paragraphs, there is no violation. Some scholars think that Meng Yizi's father, Meng Nuo, is virtuous and courteous, so Confucius can be considered filial as long as he can act without violating his father's ambition. However, the words and deeds of the average father may not necessarily be in line with the ceremony. At this time, children should not be filial to not disobeying their father, but should be filial to not disobeying the ceremony. Meng Wubo asked about filial piety. Confucius said: Parents only care about their illness (Meng Wubo asked Confucius what filial piety is. Confucius said: Let parents worry only because of their children's illness. There are three explanations in this chapter as follows: 1. Parents should only worry about their children's diseases, so they must try their best to do everything well; 2. Parents only worry about their children's diseases, so children should take care of themselves; Children should only worry about their parents' illness, while others should not worry too much, otherwise it will make their parents uneasy. My younger brother thinks that the first meaning is wide, so it is explained in detail as follows: The implication of this chapter is that the disease is beyond the control of human beings, and people have strong master control in other aspects, so children must work hard in other aspects to do well, so that parents will not worry about their children because of things other than diseases. In fact, from the point of view of today's medicine, there are still some causes or degrees of diseases that can be controlled by ourselves. For example, some infectious diseases have their own regional characteristics, so we should try our best to avoid them if we can't go to these places (Taber's article "Don't enter the dangerous country" or has some of the same meaning). If you must go, some preventive measures should not be omitted. For example, malaria can be prevented by taking medicine before going. In addition, some infectious diseases are related to personal behavior, and it is certainly possible and necessary to avoid dangerous behaviors, such as sexually transmitted diseases. There are also some chronic diseases, such as hypertension, diabetes, etc., and you should also use drugs regularly according to the doctor's instructions, because this is quite related to the control of the disease; Proper diet and exercise are equally important, and at the same time, they can be controlled by themselves. There are also some healthy behaviors, such as a balanced diet and weight maintenance, which are also closely related to health, and these should also be paid attention to by yourself. From this point of view, the true meaning of Confucius' chapter may be understood as: children must try their best to do everything that can be done well, so that parents will not be bothered by their children. Ziyou asks filial piety. Confucius said: Today's filial piety means being able to support. As for dogs and horses, they can all be raised; If you are disrespectful, why not? (Ziyou asked Confucius what filial piety is. Confucius said: filial piety today means being able to support and take care of parents. But the dogs and horses at home are also supported and taken care of! If there is less respect in your heart, how can you tell the difference between the two? In this chapter, "As for dogs and horses, everyone can be supported" has two solutions: 1. Dogs and horses are also supported by people; 2. Dogs and horses can also serve people; But according to the second explanation, it seems that there is no need for the word "you". Ask filial piety in the summer. Confucius said: color is difficult. If something happens, the disciple will take care of it; There is wine and food, sir; Was it filial piety? Zixia asked Confucius what filial piety was. Confucius said: it is the hardest thing for the younger generation to keep respectful and cheerful. When something happens, young people do it; When there is a rich food, it is eaten by the elders; Can this be regarded as filial piety? There are also two solutions to the "color difficulty" in this chapter: 1. The look of the younger generation (see above for details); 2. The look of the elders: it means that you can know your parents' thoughts before their looks have changed. The word "filial piety" is in the Analects of Confucius, and a * * * is found in chapter 14. Among them, Confucius said, and those related to the definition of filial piety, * * * has six chapters (5+1, one chapter reappears), which is to add learning to these four chapters of political articles. Confucius said: Father is here, watch his will; Father didn't, watch his actions. Three years without changing the way of the father can be described as filial piety. These 6(5) chapters belong to "two ends and four corners" heuristic teaching. To sum up the meaning of these 6(5) chapters is as follows: When your parents are alive, you should be respectful when you get along with them; Keep a pleasant look; Behavior should be in harmony with righteousness and ceremony; In addition, we must try our best to do everything well to minimize parents' worries about themselves; After the death of parents, the funeral ceremony should also be combined with righteousness and ceremony; And we must always remember them and imitate their words and deeds, so that we can all do it, which is filial piety. [Edit this paragraph] "Hundred Filial Piety Classics" emphasizes filial piety in heaven and earth, and it is the first word of filial piety. The whole family is safe and filial, and filial piety can give birth to filial sons. Filial piety is the first step of humanity. Filial piety is immortal. Since ancient times, loyal ministers have chosen many filial sons, and filial piety has been done their best. Filial piety is not only about eating and wearing, but also about filial piety. Filial piety is dear to the heart. Don't say back that you don't know filial piety in the world, and filial piety will return to your heart. Regardless of sex * * * All men and women are blessed by filial piety, and everyone can be filial to their parents, such as filial piety. There are filial words in the mouth of filial sons, and filial piety can be seen on the face of filial parents. In-laws can be filial and filial, and virtuous women can be honored. Learn filial piety first. Learn filial piety from four virtues, filial piety before filial piety, filial piety at home, filial piety at home, filial piety, filial piety, filial piety, filial piety, filial piety, filial piety, filial piety, filial piety, filial piety, filial piety, filial piety, filial piety, The filial piety exhorts the filial piety to the father, the filial piety to the mother, the filial piety to the ancestors, the filial piety to the parents, the filial piety to the next generation, the filial piety to the parents, the filial piety to the next generation, the filial piety to the parents, the filial piety to the world, the filial piety to the people, the filial piety to the people, and the filial piety to the people. That is to say, filial piety is not in poverty in the peaceful year, and kindness and kindness are filial piety, and harmony between men and brothers is filial piety and tolerance. Seeing filial piety from difficulties, seeing true filial piety, bearing a face full of parents, being filial piety, thinking of widows and widowers, and getting filial piety quickly, time is fast, and filial piety is passed down in vain. Filial piety is a treasure, gentle filial piety, sweet filial piety, lamb kneeling milk, knowing filial piety, crow feeding back filial piety, and being filial piety. It's better to know that the word filial piety is the root of thinking about Buddha and doing good deeds, and it's also filial piety. The Buddha's power is over nine days, and filial piety is endless. This sentence is inseparable from filial piety, and filial piety is reversed ten times, and filial piety is read a hundred times. [Edit this paragraph] Filial piety culture base filial piety touches the sky-Jingchu "filial piety culture" Xiaogan, Hubei, named after Yong Dong's filial piety, Among the twenty-four filial sons in ancient China, Dong Yonghe, who sold his body to bury his father in the Han Dynasty, and Meng Zong, who cried for bamboo shoots in the Three Kingdoms, all came from Xiaogan. Xiaogan can be described as "the cradle of dutiful sons". The word "filial piety" originated in ancient Oracle Bone Inscriptions, China, with a history of more than 4,111 years. Its original meaning is "filial piety first". Confucian orthodoxy holds that "filial piety" is the first of a hundred lines, and The Analects of Confucius says: "Filial piety is the essence of benevolence!" In Xiaogan, from the aged to the ignorant children, when asked about the origin of the place name "Xiaogan", they can all explain it. "Because there were several filial sons here in ancient times, filial piety was so profound that they were called" Xiaogan ". Xiaogan was named "Xiaochang" when he founded the county 1,511 years ago, which means that there are many filial sons. Then it was renamed "Xiaogan", which was taken from Yong Dong's trip to Xiaogan. "Buried father loan Kong Xiong, fairy ji strangers; Weaving the thread to repay the debt, filial piety touched the sky. " This is the account of Dong Yong's section in Twenty-four Filial Pieties, and it is also one of the ancient records of myths and legends that have been circulating for thousands of years. It is only that later generations added many secular love lingering on the basis of the original story, which made the theme of the story change from the original "filial piety moving the sky" to the current "love lingering". Dongyong's Tomb, Huangxiang Tomb, Meng Zong's weeping bamboo place ... Time has passed, and many of the above historical sites no longer exist. In 1984, Xiaogan people built an antique building, Yong Dong Park, in the hometown of Fu Yuan, who is said to have been a prostitute in Yong Dong. Scenery such as Yaochi Wonderland, Huaiyin Ancient Trees, Lisi Bridge, Ascending Sendai and Filial Piety Temple reproduce Yong Dong's spirit of respecting the elderly, industriousness and simplicity. In 1996, in order to further explore and promote the filial piety culture, a wax figure of "Twenty-four Filial Pieties" was established in the "Filial Piety Temple" in Yong Dong Park. Bathing in the simple filial piety, Xiaogan filial piety culture lasts for a long time. The new look of ancient style: changing filial piety into filial piety and filial piety to spread fame. According to the Records of Xiaogan County in the Ming and Qing Dynasties alone, there are 493 dutiful sons in Xiaogan's history books, and the ancient style of filial piety prevails. To inherit the ancient filial piety culture, we must "sublate". The ancient filial piety culture contains "father's kindness and filial piety", "respect for the old and love for the young", "courtesy and honesty" and "kindness to others", which have eternal value. Liu Qingzhi, who was elected as the "Top Ten Filial Son" in Xiaogan, "supported four families and raised eight old people" by himself; Yu Hanjiang, who is devoted to filial piety and respect for the elderly, has donated 5 million yuan in the past seven years. On January 8 this year, he was named "Top Ten National Models of Filial Piety and Respect for the Elderly", which is famous in China. Chinese filial piety culture is a gift from history to Xiaogan. In recent years, the study of filial piety culture in all walks of life in Xiaogan is in full swing. In October 2113, the picture album Xiaogan-Hometown of Filial Piety was published. Three 991,111-word collections of filial piety culture, namely, Research on Xiaogan Culture, Xiaogan Filial Piety Culture and Xiaogan Filial Son, were all published in October last year. Since July last year, Xiaogan College has opened a column "Research on Chinese Filial Piety Culture" in the school newspaper, making Xiaogan the second research base of Chinese Filial Piety Culture in China after Jinan ... At present, the relevant departments of Xiaogan City are preparing to declare the "Yong Dong" brand as an "intangible cultural heritage" of the United Nations; The work of rearranging "Fairy Match" in the form of ballet is also in close preparation. Xiaogan people have injected a new era connotation into "filial piety": filial piety is for parents and filial piety is for the people; Change filial piety to filial piety, and do filial piety for the children of the world! [Edit this paragraph] Legend related to filial piety culture Yong Dong's story Han Yong Dong, poor family. When his father died, he sold himself for money and was buried. And go to work, meet a woman on the way, and seek to be a wife forever. When they arrived at the main house, they ordered the weaving of 311 jian] horses, which was the return. Completed in January, returned to Huaiyin Club, and left forever. Yong Dong, according to legend, was a native of Qiancheng (now north of gaoqing county, Shandong Province) in the Eastern Han Dynasty. He lost his mother as a teenager and moved to Anlu (now Hubei Province) for desertion. Later, when his father died, Yong Dong sold himself to a rich family as a slave in exchange for funeral expenses. On the way to work, in