From ancient times to the present, Shandong folk culture has continued to have exchanges between regions due to reasons such as immigration, transportation, and seeking jobs abroad. This is reflected in the evolution of folk customs, forming a trend of both absorption and openness.

The folk culture brought by immigration has had a profound impact on Shandong folk customs.

In the early Ming Dynasty, the policy of "immigration to widen the countryside" was implemented. From the second year of Hongwu to the Yongle period of the Ming Dynasty, a large number of immigrants moved from Dahuaishu, Hongdong County, Shanxi to Dezhou, Binzhou, Liaocheng, Tai'an, Heze, and Jining. Some of them successively

Moved eastward from Binzhou area.

In this way, Shanxi immigrants are spread almost all over Shandong.

Shanxi folk customs have influenced Shandong, such as not lighting a fire to cook during the Cold Food Festival.

Many of the residents of several counties in northern Shandong (today's Liaocheng area) immigrated from Zaoqiang County, Zhili (today's Hebei Province) in the early Ming Dynasty. Where they lived, New Year paintings, clay toys and other folk art still have the same style as Zaoqiang.

similar.

In the early Ming Dynasty, most of the immigrants from Sichuan to Shandong were concentrated in Laizhou. Therefore, the customs of Laizhou were different from those of its eastern neighbors. There were also immigrants from many cities in Shandong, and their folk customs were also different.

The wharf towns along the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal that flourished in the Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties, such as Dezhou, Linqing, Liaocheng (Dongchang), Jining, etc. in Shandong, were influenced by water transportation from the north to the south, and their customs were different from other areas in Shandong.

Most of these towns have a Bamboo Alley, where bamboo weaving shops common in Jiangnan are concentrated. The teahouses set up on the street have roughly the same layout for selling tea and drinking tea.

Jining's Yutang Sauce Garden moved from Suzhou along the canal. Its products still maintain the Jiangnan style and still use the "Gusu Old Store" sign.

A typical example of the exchange of folk culture brought about by going out to find a job is the historical Shandong people's expedition to the Guandong, or "traveling to the Guandong".

There are roughly two different types of people from Shandong who come to Guandong: one is to move with their families to villages and mountains in the Northeast, which is a type of escape, and is commonly known as "forced to have no choice but to travel to Guandong"; the other is to live in Shandong but spend most of their lives doing business in the Northeast.

, commonly known as "residence field".

They brought the customs of Shandong to the Northeast and brought the customs of the Northeast back to Shandong.

Long-term exchanges have resulted in many similarities in the folk culture of the two places. In particular, some folk tales with the same content, such as the story of the bald-tailed old plum and ginseng, are widely circulated in Shandong and Northeast China.

Shandong customs are most influenced by the Northeast, especially in Jiaodong.