Heilongjiang, referred to as "Hei" for short, is a provincial administrative region of People's Republic of China (PRC), with Harbin as the capital, located in the northeast of China, facing Russia across the river in the north and east, bordering Inner Mongolia in the west and Jilin Province in the south. It is the northernmost provincial administrative region in China and the easternmost land.

The landform of Heilongjiang is characterized by "five mountains, one water, one grass and three fields". Generally speaking, the terrain is high in the northwest, north and southeast, low in the northeast and southwest, and consists of mountains, platforms, plains and water surfaces. It spans the four major water systems of Heilongjiang, Wusuli, Songhua River and Suifenhe, and belongs to the continental monsoon climate of cold temperate zone and temperate zone.

Heilongjiang Province is the northernmost and easternmost province in China, with the highest latitude and the easternmost longitude. West1211'e, east 135 05'E, south to 43 26' n and north to 53 33. The east-west span is 14 longitude, and there are three wet areas. It covers an area of 473,000 square kilometers (including Jiagedaqi District and Songling District).

Heilongjiang province belongs to cold temperate zone and temperate continental monsoon climate. From south to north, the whole province can be divided into middle temperate zone and cold temperate zone according to the temperature index. From east to west, it can be divided into humid area, semi-humid area and semi-arid area according to the drying index.