There is a fruit seller in Hangzhou who is good at storing tangerines and survives the cold and heat. It comes out brightly, jade and golden. Put it in the city, the number of people will be ten times higher, and people will fight for it.

I got one by trade and cut it open. If there is smoke in my mouth and nose, if I look at it, it looks like it is broken. I was surprised and asked: "What if you sell it to others, and use real beans to offer sacrifices to guests? Are you going to show off to fool the blind? What's more, it's deception!"

The seller laughed and said: "My business has been around for a long time, and I rely on it to eat my body. I sell it, and others take it, without saying anything, but it is not enough for my son? There are many deceivers in the world. So, am I alone?

I am wearing a tiger talisman and sitting in Gaobi. Is it possible for me to teach Sun and Wu Zhiluo? A man with a big crown and a long gentry, who is as proud as a temple, can he build the business of Yi and Gao? Robbers start but they don't know how to control them, people are trapped but they don't know how to save them, officials are traitors but they don't know how to restrain them, laws are ignored but they don't know how to deal with them. Sitting in a high hall, riding a big horse, being drunk and fat, how could he be so majestic and awesome without having gold and jade on the outside and behaving like a charcoal in the middle? I don’t care about it, but I want to see my tangerines!”

Ancient translations and notes on fables and stories

Translation

There is a fruit seller in Hangzhou People like this are good at storing citrus, and they will not fester for a whole year. When they take them out, they are still bright and bright, with a jade-like texture and a brilliant golden color. Put it on the market and sell it for ten times more than others. People rushed to buy his oranges.

I bought one of them and cut it open. It felt like a puff of smoke hit my mouth and nose. Looking inside, it was as dry as tattered cotton wool. I felt strange about this and asked him: "Are the tangerines you sell to others intended to be filled in sacrificial vessels to worship ancestors and entertain guests? Or are you going to show off its appearance to deceive fools?" With a blind man? This kind of deception is too much."

The man selling citrus said with a smile: "I have been in this industry for many years. I rely on this to support myself. . I sell it and others buy it, but no one has said anything, but it can't satisfy you? There are many people in the world who do cheating. Am I the only one who hasn't thought about this problem carefully? /p>

Those who wear tiger-shaped military symbols and sit on tiger skins look mighty, as if they are generals defending the country. Can they really have the strategies of Sun Wu and Wu Qi? People with long belts sit in the court with great dignity. Can they really achieve the achievements of Yi Yin and Gao Tao? The thieves are everywhere but they don't know how to resist, the people are in trouble but they don't know how to help them, the officials are cunning but don't know how to stop them, and the law. They are corrupt but don't know how to govern, and they waste food extravagantly but don't know how to be ashamed. Look at those people sitting in the high hall, riding big horses, drinking fine wine, and eating delicious food. Who is not majestic, awe-inspiring, and prominent? Is it worth emulating? But no matter where you go, who is not as golden on the outside but as broken as cotton on the inside? You can’t see these phenomena, but you only see my tangerines!”

I was silent and had no words to answer. When I came back and thought about what the orange seller said, I felt that he seemed like a witty, sarcastic, and eloquent person like Dongfang Shuo. Is he someone who is angry and hates the evil phenomena in the world? So is the citrus used as a satire? Classical Chinese Phenomenon

Tongjiazi

1. Jia: Tong "price", price.

2. Xuan (xuàn): means "Xuan", to show off.

3. Food: It means "feed", which means to provide and feed.

4. Bi: refers to "skin", here refers to fur

5. Mi: refers to "extravagant", waste. Appreciation

This is a famous allegorical satirical prose. The full text can be divided into three parts. The first part describes the course of the story with concise pen and ink, which can be said to be the introduction to the full text. The author first writes that the appearance of tangerines has the beauty of gold and jade, but inside it is as bad as rotten catkins. In the sharp contrast formed by one being good and the other being bad, it naturally This leads to the question, "Is it possible to show off in order to confuse the blind?" It also naturally leads to the accusation, "What's more, it is meant to deceive!" The author highlights the word "deception" here, which is the core of the whole text and is also used throughout. The main line seems to be raised casually, but in fact it is carefully designed. It was this literary talent that aroused a long and profound discussion among the orange sellers.

The second part is the focus of the whole article. It reveals the truth about those high-ranking officials and gentlemen who deceive the world and steal their reputation through the mouths of people who sell oranges. The concept of the article is very clever. The word "laugh" is used very well in "The seller said with a smile". First of all, the large discussion at the end is only said by a small vendor in a humorous manner, which is cordial and believable; Secondly, it shows an ordinary person's contempt for those arrogant people. The vendor's answer was also extremely clever. He used a rhetorical question: "But alone is not enough?" It revealed that people have become numb in the face of a society where "bullying" is rampant.

This is followed by a rhetorical question: "And I am the only one?" This rhetorical question is more weighty than the previous rhetorical question. It not only highlights the speaker's strong hatred for the society where "bullying" is rampant, but also makes angry words flow out. . In order to prove his argument, the orange seller used parallel sentences to list the people who committed "big deception". First, two long parallel sentences are used to describe the generals as "as powerful as the tools of Gancheng" and the civil servants as "as high as the tools of the temple", in contrast to the appearance of the ganzi "Ye Ran"; then five short parallel sentences are used to reveal their essence. , it turns out that the people cannot govern the country with words and cannot govern the army with force. In order for Geng Lin to express her cynical feelings vividly, the article repeatedly exposed it with two rhetorical questions. Repeated exposure made the tangerine seller's accusation "I don't care about it now, but I want to inspect my tangerines." The accusation was justified and the criticism was powerful.

The third part is the end of the article. The author did not write about how he responded impassionedly to the mandarin seller’s words, but he “stepped back and thought about his words.” In this way, the article formed a kind of ups and downs, but also It shows that the author appreciates the true meaning of his words after careful consideration and recognizes the authenticity and rationality of his words. Liu Ji (July 1, 1311 - May 16, 1375), courtesy name Bowen and posthumous title Wencheng, was an outstanding military strategist, politician, writer and thinker in the late Yuan and early Ming Dynasties, the founding father of the Ming Dynasty, Han nationality. He was born in Nantian (formerly Qingtian) in Wencheng, Zhejiang, so people called him Liu Qingtian at that time. In the third year of Hongwu in the Ming Dynasty (1370), he was granted the title of Uncle Chengyi, and people also called him Liu Chengyi. In the ninth year of Zhengde reign of Emperor Wuzong, he posthumously awarded him the posthumous title of Grand Master, Wencheng. Later generations also called him Liu Wencheng and Wencheng Gong. He is famous for his uncanny calculations and strategizing. Liu Bowen is a legendary figure in ancient China. He still has extensive and profound folk influence in mainland China, Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan, as well as Southeast Asia, Japan and South Korea.

Liu Ji Wildfires cannot be burned out, but the spring breeze blows them again. Falling red is not a heartless thing, it turns into spring mud to protect flowers. If you don't sing, it will be a blockbuster. It is my nature that my talents will be useful, and I will come back after all my money has been spent. The noisy cicada forest is more than quiet, and the bird singing mountain is even more secluded. If it is fake gold, it should be plated with real gold. If it is real gold, it should not be plated with gold. The mountains and rivers are full of doubts and there is no way, and the willows and flowers are dark and the flowers are bright in another village. If everything is not flat, it will make a sound. If it does not accumulate small streams, it cannot become a river or a sea. The tower near the water gets the moon first, and the flowers and trees facing the sun are easy to spring. I only love the lotus that emerges from the mud without being stained, and washes the clear ripples without being stained. The stones from other mountains can attack jade. If a young man does not work hard, the old man will be miserable! Everything is just a dream in the end, rest. Tomorrow the yellow flowers and butterflies will also be sad. What I have learned on paper is ultimately shallow, and I know that I have to do it in detail.