Overview————Xiamen (also known as Ludao, Jiaheyu in the Song Dynasty, and Zhongzuo Suo in the Ming Dynasty) is a sub-provincial city under the jurisdiction of Fujian Province.
Postal code: 361000, area code: 0592.
Located in southeastern Fujian and founded 712 years ago, it is one of the first special economic zones to be opened to the outside world.
Xiamen City is located at 118o04'04" east longitude and 24o26'46" north latitude. It is located on the southeast coast of my country - the southeastern part of Fujian Province and where the Jiulong River enters the sea. It is backed by the Zhangzhou and Quanzhou plains, is on the verge of the Taiwan Strait, and faces the Kinmen Islands. It is separated from Taiwan Treasure Island and the Penghu Islands. In ancient times, it was the habitat of egrets and was called "Egret Island".
The land area is more than 1565.09 square kilometers and the sea area is more than 300 square kilometers.
It is an international harbor scenery city.
Xiamen Island, the main body of Xiamen, is 13.7 kilometers long from north to south, 12.5 kilometers wide from east to west, and covers an area of ??approximately 128.14 square kilometers. It is the fourth largest island in Fujian Province.
Xiamen Port is a strait-like natural port with superior conditions. Its coastline is winding and 234 kilometers long. Islands are dotted outside the port area. The port area is surrounded by mountains. The harbor is wide and the water is deep. It does not freeze all year round. It is a strait with excellent conditions. It is a natural port and has historically been an important port for foreign trade on the southeast coast of my country.
Xiamen has a subtropical climate, which is mild and rainy, with an average annual temperature of around 21°C. There is no scorching heat in summer and no severe cold in winter.
The average annual rainfall is about 1,200 mm, with the highest rainfall from May to August each year. The wind force is generally level 3 to 4, and the dominant wind force is northeasterly.
Due to the temperature difference in the Pacific Ocean, it is affected by an average of 4 to 5 typhoons every year, mostly from July to September.
The majority of the city's population is Han, and there are more than 20 ethnic minorities including Hui, Manchu, Zhuang, She, Miao, and Gaoshan.
Due to the geographical environment and historical background, there are many returned overseas Chinese, their family members, overseas Chinese from Xiamen and compatriots from Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan.
History - In the third year of Taikang in Jin Dynasty (282 AD), Tong'an County was established and belonged to Jin'an County, and was later merged into Nan'an County.
In the 19th year of Tang Zhenyuan (803), Datongchang was established in the southwestern part of Nan'an County. After the Five Dynasties, in the 4th year of Tang Changxing (933), it was promoted to Tong'an County and belonged to Quanzhou.
The Song Dynasty belonged to Qingyuan Army, Pinghaijun and Quanzhou.
Yuan belongs to Quanzhou Road.
Ming belongs to Quanzhou Prefecture.
In the 20th year of Hongwu (1387), the construction of "Xiamen City" began, which means the gate of the national building. The name "Xiamen" has since been included in the annals of history.
In the seventh year of Shunzhi of the Qing Dynasty (1650), Zheng Chenggong stationed troops in Xiamen, and in the twelfth year (1650), Simingzhou was established; in the 19th year of Kangxi (1680), it was abolished; in the 23rd year (1884), the Taixia Military Preparation Road was established.
Daoyin was stationed in Taiwan Prefecture (in the sixth year of Yongzheng's reign (1728), Taiwan Prefecture was renamed Taiwan Dao). In the twenty-fifth year (1686), the Tongzhi of Quanzhou Prefecture was assigned to set up a defense department. In the fifth year of Yongzheng's reign (1727), Xingquan Dao (
Later Xingquan Yongdao) moved from Quanzhou to Xiamen.
In the 29th year of Guangxu (1903), Xiamen's Gulangyu Island became a "public concession". In April of the first year of the Republic of China (1912), Jiaheli (Xiamen), Kinmen, and Xiaodeng in Tong'an County were analyzed and moved to Siming County in September.
It was promoted to Siming Prefecture and then abolished. In 1915, Kinmen and Dadaeng were separated and established as Kinmen County. In the same year, South Road was established (renamed Xiamen Road in 1914 and abolished in 1925).
In 1933, the "People's Revolutionary Government of the Communist Party of China" (i.e., the "Fujian People's Government") established Xiamen Special City and then abolished it.
In 1934, Tong'an and Siming counties belonged to the Fifth Administrative Supervision District (stationed in Tong'an). In April 1935, Xiamen City was established based on seven islands including Xiamen and Gulangyu Island. Siming County was revoked and the establishment of Heshan Special Zone was revoked. Together with Tong'an County, it belonged to the Fourth District.
Administrative Supervision District (stationed in Tong'an), occupied from May 1938 to September 1945. In October, Xiamen City's organizational system was restored, and four districts were established: Center (later changed to Siming), Kaiyuan, Gulangyu, and Heshan.
In September and October 1949, Tong'an County and Xiamen City were liberated. Tong'an County belonged to the Fifth Prefecture (renamed Quanzhou Prefecture and Jinjiang Prefecture in 1950). Xiamen was a provincial city. In October 1950, Xiamen City established Kaiyuan, Siming and Gulangyu Islands.
, Xiaggang (later abandoned), and Heshan 5 districts.
In 1953, Jimei Town in Tong'an County was placed under the jurisdiction of Xiamen City. In January 1958, Heshan District was removed and established as a suburb. In August, Tong'an County was transferred from Jinjiang District to Xiamen City.
In August 1966, Kaiyuan and Siming Districts were renamed Dongfeng and Xiangyang Districts (restored to their original names in October 1979). In February 1970, Tong'an County was placed under the Jinjiang District (region), and in June 1973, it was returned to Xiamen City.
Xinglin District was established in September 1978.
In 1987, Huli District was added and the suburb was renamed Jimei District.
In 1997, Tongan was removed from the county and established as a district.
So far, Xiamen has jurisdiction over seven districts: Gulangyu, Siming, Kaiyuan, Xinglin, Huli, Jimei and Tong'an.
In May 2003, the State Council approved the adjustment of some administrative divisions of Xiamen City.
The main contents of the adjustment include: 1. Siming District, Gulangyu District and Kaiyuan District were merged into Siming District, and the administrative areas of the original three districts were placed under the jurisdiction of Siming District.
2. Place the Xinglin Sub-district Office and Xinglin Town in Xinglin District under the jurisdiction of Jimei District.
Xinglin District was renamed Haicang District.
3. Establish Xiang'an District and place the five towns under the jurisdiction of Tong'an District, Xindian, Xinwei, Maxiang, Neicuo and Dadeng, under the jurisdiction of Xiang'an District.
After the administrative division adjustment, Xiamen City governs six districts: Siming, Huli, Jimei, Haicang, Tong'an and Xiang'an.