Yue Fei

Yue Fei (1113—1142), whose name is Peng Ju, was born in a tenant farmer's house in Tangyin, Xiangzhou, Northern Song Dynasty (now tangyin county, Henan Province). In his youth, he was confronted with a large-scale plundering war launched by the Golden Nuzhen nobles against the Song Dynasty. He witnessed with his own eyes the painful historical facts before and after the demise of the Northern Song Dynasty, shared the same breath with the people in the occupied areas of the Central Plains at that time, and had a strong desire and demand to resolutely resist the oppression of the Nuzhen nobles, recover their homeland and unify the motherland.

at the end of the northern song dynasty, people of Han nationality, qidan nationality, Bohai, Xi and other ethnic groups, who were deeply oppressed by ethnic groups, "hated the Jin state and went deep into the bone marrow", organized themselves to resist.

since the 1921s, a vigorous national war against gold has been waged between the north and south of the Yellow River and the Huaihe River. Yue Fei, together with Zong Ze and Han Shizhong, the famous anti-gold fighters, stood in the forefront of the anti-gold struggle. However, the corrupt ruling clique of the Northern Song Dynasty adopted the policy of compromise and surrender. In 1127 (the second year of Jingkang), after Zhao Ji, the Emperor Huizong, and Zhao Huan, the leader of the Southern Song Dynasty, were abducted, Zhao Gou was also a capitulator. He was content in the south of the Yangtze River and indulged in singing and dancing. He didn't really organize the anti-Jin national war and carry it through to the end. The difference was that he trusted Qin Gui and other capitulationists and made a series of talks and capitulations through them. On the one hand, Zong Ze, Yue Fei, Han Shizhong and other anti-Japanese factions were used to resist the fierce offensive of 8 Jin J, so as to keep his throne as emperor and accumulate the capital of kneeling down for peace. In the mid-1921s, after the formation of the military demarcation line between Song and Jin in the east from Jianghuai and the west to Shaanxi, the ruling clique of Zhao Gou and Qin Gui actually became the biggest stumbling block in the anti-Jin struggle in the Southern Song Dynasty. On the other hand, Yue Fei, Han Shizhong and other anti-Japanese factions have become the biggest obstacles to the activities of Zhao Gou and Qin Gui capitulationists. The struggle between the anti-Japanese faction and the capitulators in the Southern Song Dynasty became increasingly acute.

Yue Fei resolutely opposed peace talks, advocated the war of resistance to the end, put personal honor and disgrace at risk, and resolutely fought the surrender activities of Zhao Gou and Qin Gui. In 1139 (the ninth year of Shaoxing), Yue Fei heard in Ezhou (now Wuchang, Hubei Province) that the Song-Jin peace talks would be reached, and immediately wrote to express his opposition, declaring that "Jin people cannot be trusted, and reconciliation cannot be relied on", and directly criticized Qin Gui, the "prime minister", for his scheming and ill-intentioned surrender activities, which made "Qin Gui take the title". After the peace talks were reached, Emperor Zhao Gou got carried away, awarded the Amnesty letters, and greatly rewarded the civil and military ministers. However, the imperial edict was issued three times, but Yue Fei refused it, and was not rewarded by the three departments of Kaifu Instrument (first-class official title) and granted by 3,511 food cities. In politely decline, he bitterly expressed his opposition to peace talks: "Today's things can be dangerous but not safe, and you can worry but not congratulate." Once again, he expressed his determination to recover the Central Plains. "I am willing to make a total victory, and I will recover my land in the two rivers in the future, and I will take revenge and serve the country." This is tantamount to throwing cold water on Song Gaozong's pledge, thus making Zhao Gou and Qin Gui bear a grudge. "However, regardless of personal gains and losses, Yue Fei insisted on the position of the Anti-Japanese War to the end, led the army, contacted the northern rebel army, effectively engaged in the war of resistance against gold, planned to recover the Central Plains and unify the motherland, and became a powerful pillar in the national war of resistance against gold.

In the summer of p>1139 (the ninth year of Shaoxing), Jin Wushu tore up Shaoxing peace talks, they nest; Launch a large-scale war against Song again. Under the situation that the East and West armies gained the victory over Jin Dajie, Yue Fei marched from the middle reaches of the Yangtze River and launched an unstoppable counterattack. "The time has come for him to display his ambition to regain the Central Plains.

After entering the Central Plains, Yue Jiajun was warmly welcomed by the Central Plains people and loyal militia. In July of this year, Yue Fei personally led a Qingqi to be stationed in Yancheng, Henan Province, and had a fierce battle with the fifteen thousand fine riders of Jin Wushu. Yue Fei led the troops to attack the enemy lines, greatly breaking the "iron floating map" (bodyguard pro-soldier) and "kidnapper horse" (cavalry attacked by left and right pincers) of Jin Wu, and defeated Jin Wu greatly. Yue Fei led Yang Zaixing into the enemy lines, trying to capture Jin Wushu alive, but he couldn't find it. He killed hundreds of enemies by hand and was wounded by dozens of places, so he was very brave. Yue Jiajun's soldiers have the fighting style of "defending their lives without going", and the enemy's overwhelming efforts can't shake Yue Jiajun's lineup. After the great victory in Yancheng, Yue Fei marched into Zhuxian Town (only forty-five miles away from Bianjing, the base camp of 8 Jin Army), and Jin Wushu gathered 111,111 troops to resist, and was beaten out of the water by Yue Fei. Yue Fei's northern expedition to the Central Plains recovered Yingchang, Cai Zhou, Chen Zhou, Zhengzhou, Yancheng and Zhuxian Town in one breath, and wiped out the effective strength of 8 Jin Army. The morale of 8 Jin Army was shaken, and Jin Wushu prepared to flee from Kaifeng overnight. The struggle against gold in the Southern Song Dynasty took a fundamental turn for the better, and took another step forward, falling into the Central Plains for more than ten years. It is expected to be recovered. Yue Fei excitedly said to the generals, "Go straight to Huanglong House and have a drink with you!" (break the wine ring to celebrate) "and Jin Jun issued a lament that" it is easy to shake the mountain, but it is difficult to shake the Yue family. "

However, Yue Jiajun, who was hard to be shaken by foreign enemies, was devastated by the capitulators in the Southern Song Dynasty. At this moment of brilliant victory in the Anti-Japanese War, Emperor Gaozong Zhao Gou, who willingly acted as the son emperor, was worried that once the Central Plains was recovered and the Jin people were put back to his brother Qinzong, he would lose the throne and eagerly hoped to make peace with Jin. The Jin people were planted in the court of the Southern Song Dynasty to steal Qin Jian, a high-ranking spy of the prime minister, and also seized the unspeakable heart disease of Emperor Gaozong to engage in wanton activities and undermine Yue Fei's war of resistance. They colluded with each other and plotted to draw up an evil plan to withdraw troops across the board and ruin the excellent situation of resisting gold. First, they ordered the East-West Line to retreat, which caused the unfavorable situation that Yue Jiajun was alone. That is, in the name of "you can't stay alone for a long time", you won 12 gold medals in a row (red lacquered gold), which made Yue Fei "deal with the squad". Under the unfavorable situation of "training teachers" and "losing teachers" at the end, Yue Fei knows that this is the chaotic life of the powerful minister; However, in order to preserve the strength of resisting gold, we had to bear the pain of moving troops. Yue Fei said indignantly; "Ten years of work, waste in once! All the counties will be closed once and for all! It is difficult to revive the society! Gankun world, there is no reason to reply! " Yue Fei's heroic struggle against Jin was forced to be interrupted. When Yue Jiajun moved troops, he longed for his elder brothers in Julian Waghann Beiding Central Plains for a long time and stopped crying. In order to protect the lives and property of ordinary people, Yue Fei deliberately threatened to cross the river tomorrow, scaring Jin Wushu to abandon the north overnight and prepare to cross the Yellow River in the north, so that Yue Fei could calmly organize a large number of people from Henan to move south to Xianghan before withdrawing from the Central Plains. At this time, a shameless scholar caught up with Jin Wushu on horseback, detained his horse and remonstrated: "The Prince (Wu Shu) doesn't leave, but the capital can be defended, and Yue Shao can retreat!" ..... Since ancient times, there have been no worthies, but generals can make contributions to outsiders. "Jin Wushu returned to Kaifeng with the whole army, and took back the land of the Central Plains with no effort.

As soon as Yue Fei returned to Lin 'an, he immediately fell into the trap set by Qin Gui, Zhang Jun and others. In 1141 (the eleventh year of Shaoxing), he was falsely accused of "rebellion" and was put into Dali Temple in Lin 'an (the original site was near Xiaoqiao Bridge in Hangzhou today). Supervise the censor Wan Hou * (at the end of the sound) to personally interrogate and torture Yue Fei. At the same time, the Song and Jin governments are stepping up planning for the second peace talks. Both sides regard the anti-Japanese faction as a thorn in their side, and Jin Wushu even wrote to Qin Gui in a fierce manner: "Yue Fei must be killed before peace can be achieved." Under the attack of two evil forces inside and outside, Yue Fei was upright, aboveboard and loyal to serving the country. From him, Qin Gui and his gang couldn't find any evidence of "rebellion against the imperial court", but Yue Fei was still killed in Dali Temple in Lin 'an at the age of 39 on Lunar New Year's Eve in the eleventh year of Shaoxing. Yue Fei also beheaded Zhang Xian and his son Yue Yun at the city gate. Yue Fei's father and son and Zhang Xian died at the hands of a treacherous court official and a bad king, which aroused the strong anger of the anti-Jin army and ordinary people. Han Shizhong questioned Qin Gui face to face, and Qin Gui prevaricated that "the matter is unnecessary (maybe there is)." Han Shizhong refuted on the spot: How can the word "unwarranted" prevail over the world? "Yue Fei, a national hero, died with an injustice under the charge of" unwarranted ". Before he died, he wrote eight characters on the confession, "It is clear every day, it is clear every day". This is a cry of grief and indignation!

Although Yue Fei was killed, his loyal service to the country was indelible. It was he who expressed the demands of the oppressed nation, adhered to the lofty national integrity, persisted in the just struggle against the Jin Dynasty under the condition of crisis, and knew that he cared for the people's anti-Jin forces and joined forces with the anti-Jin military and civilians to save half of the Southern Song Dynasty, so that the people of South China were free from the ravages of the Jin rulers, thus preserving the highly developed feudal economy and culture of China and enabling it to continue to develop. Yue Fei deserves to be an outstanding national hero in the history of our country.

after yue Fei was killed, Lin' an righteous man went to shun, crossed the city with his body, and was hastily buried next to the Jiuqu Congci. In order to facilitate future identification, Kun Shun tied the Yuhuan worn by Yue Fei to the waist of the body, and planted two orange trees in front of the grave. During the light year of Qing Dynasty (1821-1851), due to rebuilding the tomb of Xiayue Fei Temple in Qixia Mountain and searching for the initial burial place of Yuefei, the original Yuefen was finally found next to the red paper dyeing house in Xiabanlong Lane, Screw Mountain, Zhong 'anqiao, Hangzhou. In 1876 (the second year of Guangxu), the "Zhongxian Temple" was built here, which was called "Laoyue Temple" by Hangzhou people.

Twenty years after Yue Fei's death, that is, in June 1162 (May 32, Shaoxing), Song Xiaozong Zhao * succeeded to the throne. In July, he ordered Yue Fei to be rehabilitated, "to pursue the reinstatement of the official", and purchased Yue Fei's body at a high price of 511 yuan, "to be buried with a gift".