1927 was admitted to Gao Xiao Town, Jia County.
1928 My eldest brother Liu Chunyuan and I went to Dongjie Primary School in Mizhi County 1 year. In May, Liu Yiwei was introduced to join the Communist Youth League.
1929, eldest brother left Mizhi and went back to Xizhen Primary School in Jiaxian County (now Jiaxian County) for 1.5 years.
/kloc-in the summer of 0/930, he was admitted to the provincial Suide Normal School. Here, he read many progressive books, such as the Declaration of * * *, Young Wanderers, Before and After Anyway, Everything is Quiet on the Western Front and so on. This inspired him a lot and bravely took part in the struggle of student riots in the school. He often took to the streets to give speeches, put up slogans and March, and fought against the Kuomintang die-hards, local tyrants and evil gentry. The revolutionary actions of Suishi to improve teachers and students aroused the dissatisfaction of the Kuomintang authorities. "White terror" soon struck, the organization was disintegrated, the school was closed, and Liu Qing was forced to go home to farm for half a year.
193 1 year, his brother Chunyuan taught in Northeast China to earn money and sponsored Liu Qing to study in Yulin No.6 Middle School. He studied hard and began to study literary works, often reading the works of Lu Xun, Guo Moruo, Mao Dun, Gorky and others. In his profound thoughts, he paved the way for literary creation. From the second grade of junior high school, I began to learn English. After one year, I was able to read ordinary original English. /kloc-in the summer of 0/934, Liu Qing was admitted to Xi 'an High School, which broadened her horizons, enriched her reading contents, increased her knowledge and increased her interest in literature. She especially yearned for progressive literature, began to teach herself Russian, introduced Soviet literature, and embarked on the road of amateur creation. I often write essays and poems at school, translate foreign short stories and publish them in newspapers and periodicals.
1935, the "December 9th" student movement spread to Xi 'an. He took an active part in demonstrations, publicized War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression and called for "stopping the civil war". At that time, Liu Qing was the head of Xi 'an Senior High School Student Union, and served as the editor of the school's senior high school student publication "Saving the Nation", which constantly encouraged Xi students to support the patriotic struggle of Peiping students.
1936, the Xi incident that shocked China and foreign countries occurred, and the student movement rose again, with Liu Qing actively participating. 65438+At the end of February, under the introduction of Dong Xueyuan, he met Li Yimang and Feng Wenbin from Yan 'an, joined China, took part in the work of the temporary propaganda committee of Shaanxi Provincial Committee led by Li Yimang, served as the propaganda committee member of the school party branch, and served as the editor-in-chief of the journal Voice of Students of xi Student Union. In the Journal of Voice of Students, he published the conversation between Mao Zedong and Si Nuo and the short story Waiting for the Bus.
From 65438 to 0937, Liu Qing graduated from high school. At that time, he was the editor of the supplement of Northwest Culture Daily and was responsible for the work of Xi Youth Federation. At that time, the "September 18th Incident" had happened for six years. Northeast China fell, North China was in an emergency, and the motherland was in danger. Liu Qing used newspapers and periodicals to encourage people to rise up against Japan. This year, Ping Jin fell, and some teachers and students from Beijing Normal University, Peking University and Tianjin Beiyang Institute of Technology went into exile in Xi 'an to establish Northwest Temporary University. Two months later, Liu Qing was admitted to the Russian elective course of the school. While studying Russian, she worked as a translator of Soviet literature. Due to the frequent bombing by Japanese planes, the school moved to Chenggu in the south of Shaanxi in April 1938, but Liu Qing didn't go. He followed the Eighth Route Army to fight in the front line and began his creative activities.
1May 1938 to1July 1939, Liu Qing served as secretary of Haiyan Poetry Society and People's Entertainment Improvement Association in the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Border Literature Association, and served as a party official. After translating the Spanish novel "This Road is Blocked", he and Liu Zuchun went to the front line in northwest Shanxi for an interview and published several communication reports.
1in the spring of 939, he returned to Yan' an and went to nine counties in the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia border region to experience life with the people's troupe. I returned to Yan 'an in June and wrote two novels. In August, he went to the front again, and worked as a cultural teacher in the 2nd regiment 1 Battalion 129 Division's 386th Brigade 77 1 Regiment of the Independent Detachment of15 Division. 1940 10 returned to Yan' an and worked in the Anti-Union. He has written Misunderstanding, Victims, Landmines, A Day's Companion, Waste, Insulted Woman, In My Hometown, Happy Events, Children of the Earth and Three Stories. Later, he collected these works in his first collection of short stories, Landmines.
1942, Yan' an rectification movement began. Liu Qing temporarily gave up writing and took part in the rectification movement. 1943 In February, the organization sent him to Lujiajian Township, Minfeng District, Mizhi County as a clerk. He often goes deep into rural development workers, leads the masses to reduce rents and interest rates, and organizes large-scale production movements. Hard work and hard rural life made him ill. In the tense spring, summer, autumn and winter, he finished reading five Selected Works of Stalin. Inspired by his work practice and study, his thoughts and feelings of not wanting to work in the countryside have changed fundamentally. Liu Qing worked in this town for three years and collected a lot of information. On March 6th, 1945, Yan' an Liberation Daily published his "Experience of Leading sanxiang town Reconstruction Team in Minfeng District of Mizhi City-Summary of Class Cadres in sanxiang town". It was also here that the manuscript of his novel Planting Valley was completed. /kloc-in 0/00, Liu Qing went to the northeast with the manuscript of Farming Valley, which opened up the liberated areas.
1February, 946, Liu Qing arrived in Dalian, responsible for receiving and rectifying the popular bookstore and printing house, and began to revise Planting Valley. 1947 In July, Northeast Guanghua Bookstore published his first novel "Biography of Planting Valley". This work is the first successful work published by Mao Zedong after the publication of "Speech at Yan 'an Forum on Literature and Art". People's Literature Publishing House officially published 195 1 10 in June. The book was printed seven times and distributed 700,000 copies. 1946 Chiang Kai-shek launched a full-scale civil war. 1947, Hu Zongnan Department of Northwest Kuomintang Army launched a massive attack on the Shensi-Gansu-Ningxia Border Region. Liu Qing wants to return to northern Shaanxi to experience war life. Later, due to the war and traffic jam, she was left in Jidong to participate in land reform for half a year.
1948 10 back in northern Shaanxi, the war of liberation has entered the stage of big counterattack. He went deep into Mizhi County, taking the front of a grain store in the famous "Shajiadian Battle" as the theme, and spent more than eight months extensively collecting the materials of the novel "Iron Wall".
1949 finished writing this book in Qinhuangdao. People's Literature Publishing House has accumulated print runs of 195 1, 1958, 1976 13 times, and issued over one million copies. Later, Liu Qing participated in the establishment of China Youth Daily, served as the editorial board and editor-in-chief of Literature and Art Supplement, and trained a group of young writers. Then he visited the Soviet Union with a delegation of China writers. 1In August, 952, Liu Qing was appointed as the deputy secretary of the county committee of Chang 'an County, Shaanxi Province, in charge of agricultural mutual assistance and cooperation. He conducted in-depth investigation and study, and told district and township cadres and farmers about the history of social development and the superiority of the socialist system. Personally guide the "July 1 United Agricultural Society" in Wangmang Village and the "Shengli Agricultural Society" in Huangfu Village. Make the Chang 'an Rural Cooperative Movement develop healthily and become an advanced model in Shaanxi and Northwest China. 1In March, 953, he resigned as the deputy secretary of Chang 'an County Committee, retained the position of the Standing Committee, and began to settle in Huangfu Village, living in a ruined temple, specializing in literary works such as the novel "The History of Entrepreneurship".
1960 in April, Liu Qing donated 16065 yuan to Wangqu Commune for industrial infrastructure construction. 196 1 year, when he started to write the second part of the History of Entrepreneurship, he borrowed 5,500 yuan from China Youth Publishing House in advance to pay for high-voltage wires and telephone poles for Huangfu Village. From 1963 to 1964, Liu Qing participated in the socialist education movement in Chang 'an County twice. He ventured to fight against a large area of ultra-left ideological trend, protected a group of rural cadres and won the hearts of the people. In Chang 'an County, he also wrote "It's morning here" and "Lighthouse, shining on us!" ! Prose collections such as Autumn in Huangfu Village 1955, The Wangs and Sons, Neighbor Trivia, etc. He also wrote about the field production point of Wangqu People's Commune, how to soak green fertilizer, the three-character sutra of agricultural and livestock breeding, aesthetic notes and tough iron.
From 65438 to the beginning of the Cultural Revolution in 0966, Liu Qing was labeled as a "reactionary authority", "black writer" and "the ruling party taking the capitalist road", losing his freedom and being devastated physically and mentally. Later, Northwest University, Xi Jiaotong University and other units sent people to Chang 'an for a month, and wrote a long report on Liu Qing's Fifteen Years in Chang 'an, affirming that his history is innocent, his works are decent and his works can stand the test of history. 1In September, 967, the black minions of the Gang of Four spread everywhere that Liu Qing was engaged in espionage in Sichuan during the War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression period, saying that he was a "special suspect" and "behind the scenes" of the "Cultural Revolution" and put him in the "bullpen" again, torturing him for four years. During this period, his home was destroyed and his partner Ma Wai was persecuted to death, but he always stood firm, unwavering and uncompromising, stuck to the truth and resolutely resisted the cruel persecution of Lin Biao and Jiang Qing. But his condition is getting worse.
In 1972, Premier Zhou Enlai learned that Liu Qing was in critical condition, instructed the Central Ministry of Health to make proper arrangements, and instructed the main person in charge of Shaanxi Province to take care of Liu Qing. On the National Day of the same year, Premier Zhou asked a reporter from People's Daily to tell Liu Qing that he hoped that he would work hard and finish four "Entrepreneurial History". Liu Qing was greatly encouraged, and carefully revised "Iron Wall" and "History of Entrepreneurship". 1978, in the literary and artistic creation conference held by Shaanxi Publishing Bureau and the provincial party committee and the symposium on novel creation held by the editorial department of Yanhe, Life is the basis of creation further elaborated the aesthetic thought. In May, 1978, Liu Qing went to Beijing for treatment. He wants to use the modern conditions of the hospital to support his body and strive for time to finish the second part of the History of Entrepreneurship. However, due to poor health and serious illness, he died at 5 pm on June 13 at the age of 62. Liu Qing's ashes are placed in Babaoshan Cemetery in Beijing and Shenheyuan Cemetery in Huangfu Village in Chang 'an. A grand memorial service was held in Beijing and Xi respectively, and the main responsible comrades of Li Xiannian and Shaanxi Provincial Committee and Provincial Revolutionary Committee attended the memorial service.
Liu Qing is a famous contemporary novelist. He has been deeply involved in life and has lived among farmers for decades, with rich life accumulation. Most of his novels are based on rural life, which has a strong flavor of life and truly reflects the real life and spiritual outlook of farmers in major historical periods in recent decades. His masterpiece is the first part of the History of Entrepreneurship. Because the Gang of Four deprived him of the most precious creative time of more than 65,438+00 years, all the creative plans of The History of Entrepreneurship were not completed as scheduled, which is a great regret in the history of contemporary literature. His main works are: short story collection Landmines (Guanghua Bookstore, 1st edition, February 1947) and novella Bite with a spade (Yanhe, April 1958). The novel The Story of Planting Valley (Shandong Xinhua Bookstore, first edition in March, 1950), Iron Wall (People's Literature Publishing House, first edition in September, 195 1), the first part of Entrepreneurship History (China Youth Publishing House, first edition,