Introduction to Beijing's scenic spots and historical sites

Forbidden City, Great Wall, Zhoukoudian Peking Man Site, Temple of Heaven, Summer Palace, Ming Tombs, Shichahai, Yuanmingyuan, Lugou Bridge, Mutianyu Great Wall, Simatai Great Wall, Jinshanling Great Wall, Juyongguan Great Wall, Jiankou Great Wall, Gongwangfu Garden, Peking University, Hutong, Beijing Zoo, Beijing Botanical Garden and Panjiayuan Antique Market. Sugar-Coated Berry: Delicious food handed down from the Song Dynasty 8 years ago is a famous national historical and cultural city with a history of thousands of years. Beijing was the capital of five dynasties in history. In the 8 years since the Jin Dynasty, many magnificent palace buildings have been built, making Beijing the city with the largest number of imperial palaces, gardens, temples and tombs and the richest content in China. Among them, the Forbidden City in Beijing, also known as the Forbidden City, was originally the imperial palace of Ming and Qing Dynasties, where 24 emperors lived. The building is magnificent, which perfectly embodies the traditional classical style and oriental style of China. It is the largest existing palace in China and even the whole world, and it is a valuable cultural heritage of the Chinese nation. The Temple of Heaven is famous at home and abroad for its reasonable layout and exquisite construction. It is the place where emperors of Ming and Qing dynasties "worship heaven" and "pray for the valley". It is the largest existing ancient sacrificial building complex in China and a precious heritage of world architectural art. The Summer Palace is a famous tourist attraction in Beijing. Yuanmingyuan is the most famous royal garden in China. It enjoys a high reputation in the history of Chinese and foreign gardens and has high artistic value. It is known as the "Garden of Ten Thousand Gardens". The Ming Tombs are the largest royal tombs in Beijing, which contain the tombs of 13 emperors in the Ming Dynasty, especially the Ming Dingling Mausoleum excavated in modern times, which is huge and spectacular. Temples There are religious temples all over Beijing. The existing famous ones are: Fayuan Temple, Tanzhe Temple, Jietai Temple, Yunju Temple and Badachu Temple. Taoist Baiyun view, etc. Islamic Beijing Niujie Worship Temple, etc. Lama Temple in Tibetan Buddhism (Lamaism), Catholic Sishiku Catholic Church, Wangfujing Catholic Church, etc. Christian Gangwa City Church, Chongwenmen Church, etc. Eight Scenes of Yanjing Eight Scenes of Yanjing refer to eight old landscapes in Beijing, including Jimen Smoky Tree (West Tucheng), Lugou xiao yue (Lugou Bridge), Jintai Xizhao (Jintai Road), Qiongdao Chunyin (Beihai Park), Juyong Diecui (Badaling), Taiyou Autumn Wind (Zhongnanhai), Yuquan Tutu (Yuquan Mountain) and Xishan Qingxue (Xishan Qingxue). The eight scenic spots in Beijing were first mentioned in the ancient book The Legacy of Mingchang in the Jin Dynasty. Later, the eight scenic spots in Yanjing were mentioned in the local chronicles including Miscellaneous Notes of Wan Department (Ming) and Annals of Chen Yuan (Qing). The eight scenic spots in the early days were slightly different from those in the later years. During the Qianlong period of Qing Dynasty, Emperor Qianlong personally presided over the revision of the eight scenic spots in Yanjing and ordered the construction of a monument for the eight scenic spots in Yanjing. Peking Opera Peking Opera is the quintessence of China, which is deeply loved by the people in Beijing. Walking on the streets of Beijing, you can often hear cadence jokes from the roadside. The origin of Peking Opera can be traced back to several ancient local operas. In 179, four major local operas in Anhui-Sanqing Class, Sixi Class, Chungong Class and Chunchun Class-successively performed in Beijing and achieved unprecedented success. Huiban often performs in cooperation with artists from Hubei Province, so a new kind of opera was born, which is based on the Hui tune "Erhuang" and the Han tune "Xipi" and combines the essence of local operas such as Kunqu Opera, Shaanxi Opera and Bangzi. This is Beijing Opera. In the course of 2 years' development, Beijing Opera has become more and more Beijing-like in lyrics, intonation and rhyme. The erhu, Jinghu and other musical instruments used have also integrated the characteristics of many ethnic groups and finally become a mature art. Peking opera is a combination of singing, dancing, martial arts, music, art and literature. It is similar to western opera, so it is called "Peking Opera" by westerners. In addition to Beijing opera, Beijing also has double reed, cross talk, storytelling, rhyme drums and so on, all of which are national quintessence. Hutong Hutong is one of the most characteristic houses in Beijing, which originated in the Yuan Dynasty. The word "Hutong" means "small street" in Mongolian. There are more than 7, hutongs scattered all over Beijing, each with an anecdote. The names of hutongs are varied, and some are named after characters, such as Wen Prime Minister Hutong; Some are named after markets and commodities, such as Goldfish Hutong; Some of them are named after Beijing dialect, such as Hulu Guan Hutong. After investigation, the oldest hutong in Beijing is Sanmiao Street, which has a history of more than 9 years. The longest hutong is East-West Jiaomin Lane, with a total length of 6.5 miles. The shortest hutong is no more than ten meters long; The narrowest alley is Qianshi Hutong in Dashilan area of Qianmen, which is only .7 meters wide. Nanluoguxiang, located in Dongcheng District, has now become one of the eight characteristic commercial streets in Beijing, with many foreign friends. The Ming and Qing style buildings and various bars on both sides of the hutong add a lot of color to Beijing. Siheyuan Siheyuan is a courtyard surrounded by houses in the southeast and northwest, and the outer wall of the courtyard forms the side wall of the hutong. The north room in the courtyard is the main room, and the east and west sides are the wing rooms. Except for the gate, there is no window or passage connected with the hutong. The quadrangle is quiet and closed, which is a traditional residence in old Beijing. The former residences and palaces of celebrities scattered in urban areas are generally more authentic quadrangles, such as Gongwangfu in Qianhai West Street. In recent years, more and more high-rise buildings have been built in Beijing, and quadrangles are rare. Now there are only two relatively complete quadrangles in the Second Ring Road. The central axis Beijing's central axis is the central axis that points out and clarifies the city of Beijing. Beijing's urban planning has the characteristics of symmetry around Miyagi. The central axis of Beijing starts from Yongdingmen in the south and ends at the Bell and Drum Tower in the north, which is about 7.8 kilometers long. From south to north, they are Yongdingmen, Qianmen Arrow Tower, Zhengyangmen, Zhonghua Gate, Tiananmen Gate, Duanmen, Wumen Gate, Forbidden City, Shenwumen, Jingshan, Di 'anmen, Houmenqiao, Drum Tower and Bell Tower. From Yongdingmen, the southern end of this central axis, there are the Temple of Heaven and the Xiannongtan. Ancestral temple and social altar; Donghuamen and Xihuamen; Andingmen and Deshengmen are symmetrically distributed with the central axis. Mr. Liang Sicheng, a famous architect in China, once said: "The unique magnificent order of Beijing is produced by the establishment of this central axis." Yongdingmen Gate, Zhonghua Gate and Di 'anmen Gate were all demolished after the founding of the People's Republic of China, and the Yongdingmen Gate Tower has been rebuilt in recent years. Citywall Beijing Citywall is the floorboard of the capital city defense buildings in the last two dynasties of Ming and Qing dynasties in China history. It consists of Miyagi, Imperial City, Inner City and Outer City, including many facilities such as city walls, city gates, urn, watchtowers, enemy platforms and moats. It was once the most complete ancient city defense system in China. The gate of Beijing is the general name of the gates of Beijing in Ming and Qing Dynasties. According to the differences in grades and building specifications, it is divided into four categories: Miyagi City Gate, Imperial City Gate, Inner City Gate and Outer City Gate. In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, there were four gates of Miyagi (called six), four gates of imperial city (called six or seven), nine gates of inner city and seven gates of outer city in Beijing. There is a folk saying that "there are nine gates inside and seven gates outside". After the demise of the Qing Dynasty, the city of Beijing was gradually demolished. Except for Miyagi, only Tiananmen Square was preserved, and only Zhengyangmen, Deshengmen Arched Tower, Southeast Corner Tower and Chongwenmen were left in the inner city, while the outer city was completely destroyed, and only Yongdingmen was rebuilt.

what are the top ten scenic spots in Beijing?

Beijing is high in the northwest and low in the southeast. The west, north and northeast are surrounded by mountains on three sides, and the southeast is a plain that slowly inclines to the Bohai Sea. Summer is hot and rainy, winter is cold and dry, spring and autumn are short, and the unaccustomed northern weather needs attention. Beijing is an ancient capital with a history of more than 3, years, so its human history and culture are very strong. So what scenic spots are there? Let's learn about the top ten scenic spots in Beijing.

1. Beijing Square: Here you can watch the ceremony of raising the national flag early, visit the square and see the beautiful city of Beijing. Look at the magnificent ancient city building and people's square, understand the culture and history of the motherland, and watch the flying of millions of white pigeons.

2. Forbidden City: Located in the center of Beijing's central axis, it is the essence of China's ancient palace architecture, and it is the royal palace of Ming and Qing dynasties, and is called the Forbidden City. It has a history of more than 6 years, which is very meaningful for understanding ancient historical buildings and royal palaces. It is listed as a world cultural heritage and key protected unit, belonging to 5A scenic spots. The opening hours are: 4.1-1.31: 8: 2-17: , 11.1-3.31: 8: 3-16: 3, and it closes on Monday. The ticket price is 6 in peak season and 4 yuan in low season.

3. Summer Palace: Located in the western suburbs of Beijing, it is the royal garden in China during the Qing Dynasty, formerly known as Qingyi Garden. It is a large-scale landscape garden based on Kunming Lake and Wanshou Mountain, and based on Hangzhou West Lake, drawing on the design techniques of Jiangnan Garden. It is also the most intact royal palace, known as the "Royal Garden Museum" and a national key tourist attraction, which is very suitable for families and families. The opening hours here are from 6: 3 to 18: (gate opening time). Tickets are: 3 yuan/Zhang (peak season) and 2 yuan/Zhang (off season). Students can get a good understanding of the architecture and history of the Royal Garden and enrich their knowledge and cultural heritage here.

4. Badaling Great Wall: Located at the north entrance of Guangou Ancient Road, Jundushan, Yanqing District, Beijing, it is an important part of Wan Li Great Wall, a great defense project in ancient China, and a pass of Ming Great Wall. Badaling Great Wall is an important outpost of Juyongguan, which is called "the danger of Juyong lies in Badaling instead of Guan". The Great Wall is famous for its magnificent landscape, perfect facilities and profound cultural and historical connotations, and it is a world-famous tourist attraction. It belongs to the scenic spot of 5A, and its opening hours are: peak season: 6:3-19:, including summer season: 6:-19:3, and off season: 7:3-18:. The admission price is: 4 yuan in peak season and 35 yuan in off season, with half price for students.

5. The Temple of Heaven: located in the south of Beijing, east of Yongdingmennei Street in Dongcheng District. It was a place where emperors of Ming and Qing dynasties offered sacrifices to the emperor and prayed for a bumper harvest of grain. The Temple of Heaven is the general name of the two altars, the Qiuqiu and the Qigu. It has a double altar wall, forming an inner altar and an outer altar. The altar wall is round in the south and round in the north, symbolizing a round place. The main building is in the inner altar, with the Qiuqiu altar in the south and the Valley Prayer altar in the north. The two altars are on the same north-south axis and separated by a wall. There are Qiuqiu Altar, Imperial Dome, etc. In the Qiuqiu Altar, there are Hall of Praying for the Year, Huanggan Hall, and Gate of Praying for the Year, etc. It belongs to 5A scenic spot, and the ticket price is 15 yuan, where you can get a good understanding of the history and culture of the ancient palace.

6. Yuanmingyuan: Located in the northwest suburb of Beijing, adjacent to the Summer Palace, it consists of Yuanmingyuan, Changchun Garden and Wanchun Garden, so it is also called Yuanming Garden. In addition, there are many small gardens, which are distributed in the east, west and south, surrounded by stars. The garden area is very large, with more than 15 scenes in one * * *, which is called "the garden of ten thousand gardens". Every summer, the Qing emperor came here to escape the heat, listen to politics and handle military and political affairs, so it is also called "Summer Palace", which is a royal palace. It is world-renowned for its grand regional scale, outstanding construction skills, exquisite architectural landscapes, rich cultural collections and profound national cultural connotations, and is known as "a model of all gardening arts." It belongs to 5A scenic spot, open all day, and the ticket price is 25 yuan.

7. Bird's Nest: Located in the south of the central area of Beijing Olympic Park, it is the main stadium of the 28 Beijing Olympic Games. The face price is huge, and the opening and closing ceremonies of the Olympic Games and Paralympics, track and field competitions and football finals have been held here. After the Olympic Games, it has become a large-scale professional place for Beijing citizens to participate in sports activities and enjoy sports entertainment, and has become a landmark sports building and Olympic heritage, which is very architectural and worth seeing. It is also very important to know about sports activities in China.

8: Xiangshan: Located at No.4, Shangmao Street, Haidian District, Beijing, it is a royal garden with the characteristics of mountains and forests. Xianglu Peak, the main peak in the scenic spot, is commonly known as Ghost Seeing Sorrow, with an altitude of 557 meters. Xiangshan Park has a history of nearly 9 years. Xiangshan Park has famous tourist attractions such as Xiangshan Temple and Hong Guang Temple. This is a 4A scenic spot, with beautiful scenery and charming landscape in the park, which is very suitable for holiday travel and rest. The opening hours here are: from April 1 to November 15, from 6: to 18: 3, and from November 16 to March 31, from 6: to 18: . The ticket price is: January 1-November 15: 1 yuan; November 16th-March 31st: 5 yuan.

9. Ming Tombs: Located at the foot of Tianshou Mountain in Changping District, Beijing, about 5 kilometers away from Tiananmen Square. Surrounded by mountains, the central part of the mausoleum is plain, and there is a winding river in front of the mausoleum. It is the land of royal tombs, and thirteen emperors' tombs, seven concubines' tombs and one eunuch's tomb have been built successively. It is also very important for understanding history and culture, and it can also enrich your knowledge, which is very good. This is a scenic spot in 5A. It costs 135 yuan in peak season and half price for students in 1 yuan in off-season. The opening hours are from 7: 3 to 18: .

1. Houhai: Located in Xicheng District, Beijing, it is an integral part of Shichahai, which consists of three water surfaces: Qianhai, Houhai and Xihai. In order to distinguish it from the former three seas of North Sea, China Sea and South China Sea, it is called "The Three Rear Lakes". Houhai is an idle place where there is water and you can see the mountains, and weeping willows brush the shore. The houses and residents on the shore, the surrounding Wangfu and the former residences of celebrities spread the endless charm of Beijing flavor and history. People come here only to hear the crisp insects in autumn and see the miniature of the old Beijing quadrangle buildings. Here, you can taste many delicious local foods, which are delicious and affordable. Tickets here are free and open all day.

what are the tourist attractions in Beijing?

Beijing's tourist attractions include Bird's Nest, Houhai, Sanlitun, World Park, Water Cube, Xiangshan, Great Hall of the People, Forbidden City, Eight Hutong and Capital Museum.

1. _ It's a shame to be rude. It is the main stadium of the 29th Olympic Games in 28. Herzog, De Mellon and China architect Li Xinggang cooperated to complete the design. The whole structure adopts "curved box structure" with advanced construction technology. The stands "can be changed in many ways" to "meet the requirements of different audiences in different periods". Throughout its design, construction and operation, it embodies the concept of "green Olympics, high-tech Olympics and people's Olympics".

2. _ ??? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 4843 Houhai has been a prosperous business district of Dadoucheng since the Yuan Dynasty. It was the end of water transportation at that time, and was called "the ancient seaport of Beijing". At that time, restaurants, singing platforms and business workshops were everywhere along the coast. Nowadays, Houhai is an idle place where there is water and mountains can be seen, and weeping willows brush the shore. Many buildings here are old and have the typical characteristics of traditional buildings in Beijing.

3. Every night, the hustle and bustle and luxury of the metropolis are reflected by the colorful lights here. Sanlitun Bar Street always gives people a feeling of "seeing flowers in the fog".

4. _ 寓寓寓寓寓尧寿尯寉悺尬尬尬嗍嗍嗍嗍 16 kilometers. The overall layout of the park is divided into scenic spots according to the map of five continents, with 19 miniature scenic spots of famous historical sites in 4 countries in the world as the main body, gathering the most famous Egyptian pyramids, the Eiffel Tower in France and Paris in the world.