In the first month
Shun Xing: After the evening of the eighth day of the first month, paper is dipped in oil, and 18 lamps are lit to burn incense and sacrifice, which is called Shun Xing (custom in Qing Dynasty). TianBirthday: The ninth day of the first month is the birthday of Tiandi. Slaughtering is prohibited. There is an imperial altar in the Great Hall of the Xuanzang, and there are temples in each Taoist temple. Scattered lantern: 13th, also called scattered villain. Lights are lit from the main room to the gate, except ominous. Shangyuan Festival: On the 14th to 16th day of the first month, in addition to the above-mentioned festival, there are also women "walking on the bridge and feeling for nails". Wherever there is a bridge, the first person opens the way with incense, and the back goes hand in hand. It's called "Due", also called "all diseases are lost". "Touch the nail" means to touch the doornail on the door leaf of Zhengyangmen, so that you can have children.
after February
, all trades and industries returned to normal. The artificially hatched chicks in the chicken and duck house outside Dongzhimen will be sold on the street later this month. The first day: it was originally the Zhonghe Festival. Sun cakes are sold in the street to worship the sun god. Sun Palace in Zuo 'anmen is a lively day. The dragon looks up: that is, the second day of February. Eating bread this day is called Long Lin cake, and eating noodles is called Longxu Noodles. Women stop needle money for fear of hurting longan. Farmers sprinkle kitchen ashes into the kitchen from the outside, and make a circle around the cylinder, which is called "bringing dragons back". The opening of a private school is called "taking the lead". Flower birthday: February 12. Legend has it that Kao Hua's birthday. Scholars, who stay in the company to enjoy flowers, mainly shepherd Dan. Daosheng: On February 15th, it was the birthday of Emperor Tai Shang Xuanyuan, and killing was forbidden. Each hospital has its own hospitals. Guanyin Birthday: February 19th, the birthday of Master Guanyin. The Guanyin temples, the Great Pit Altar, the Zizhulin Temple and other temples read large volumes of scriptures.
March
The weather is getting warmer and the spring is full. Spring outing in the suburbs. Qingming: the whole family prepares sacrifices to sweep the grave, carries kites and plays in front of the grave. Children wear wicker rings. The custom of wearing willow began in the Tang Dynasty. On March 3rd, Tang Gaozong gave a willow circle in Weiyang (except ominous) that wearing it could avoid the poison. After the sacrifice, use wicker to wear the remaining steamed food. Long summer fried it in oil for children to eat, saying that it was not summer. Temple Fair: Flat Peach Palace on the third day, Dongyue Temple on the fifteenth day, and Tanzhe Temple is open for half a month from the first day.
April
It's sunny and windy, suitable for spring outing. There are many temple fairs in the suburbs. Temple Fair: There are temple fairs in manjuji outside Xizhimen, Niangniang Temple in Xiding, Miaofeng Mountain, Bixia Yuanjun Temple in Yaji Mountain and Beiding. Affinity: Sheyuan Bean: The eighth day of April is Buddha's birthday called Buddha Bathing Day. People give tea in the street and cook beans and add salt to passers-by, which is called a good marriage. Go to Fayuan Temple to play this day. Yaowang Birthday: 28th is Yaowang's birthday. There are temple fairs in four Yaowang temples in Beijing.
May
It's getting hotter, and it's easy to get sick. Beijingers call it "bad May", so there are many taboos this month. Such as banning drying beds and repairing houses; On the first day of the first month, on the fifth day, I don't draw water, move, paste windows or shave my head. Summer solstice: It's a national ceremony. People have eaten the water. May proverb: "Money can't buy a drought in May, but a full meal in June." From the first day to the fifth day, apply 1 wine to children's faces to avoid poison. Duanwu Festival: Tianshi symbols stamped with yellow paper are sold on the street, and there are also paintings of Zhong Kui or Five Poisons spells. Buy it back and stick it on the middle door to avoid evil. On that day, Acorus calamus and Aizi were inserted by the door to avoid evil, which means "Pulong Ai Hu" and "Ai Hu Pujian". Women use silk thread to make tigers, zongzi, gourds, cherries, mulberries, etc., and put them on their bodies with colored thread. Children hang them on their chests or back, which is called "Longevity Cord". Cut a gourd out of colored paper and stick it upside down on the door, which is called "gassing". Throw it away after noon. The married daughter returns to her mother's house today, so it is also called "Daughter's Day". Festival food: Zongzi. Origin of Zongzi: According to "The Harmony of the Continuation of Qi", Qu Yuan threw rice into the Guluo River on the fifth day of May, which was mourned by Chu people. On this day, rice was stored in a bamboo tube, and it was sacrificed with water. Zongzi leaves were stuffed on it and wrapped with colorful silk, which was not stolen by the dragon. Modaoyu: It is said that May 13th is the period when Guan Gong crossed the Yangtze River and went to Dongwu. It's raining this day, which is called sharpening rain. Divide the Dragon Soldiers: May 23rd is Divide the Dragon Soldiers Day. Since then, thunderstorms have been impermanent, and it is said that Shenlong will be responsible for the division.
June
June is the "dog days" in Beijing. People often find cool places to spend the summer. There are not many folk things. The sixth day of the lunar month is the day when the temples dry the scriptures. People dry clothes and books on this day. Women wash their hair. Mules, horses, dogs and cats are bathing in the river. The elephant in Xuannei was taken out to take a bath in Xuanwai Hanoi. Sacrifice to the horse king on the 23rd. All horse breeding places offer sacrifices on this day. Sacrifice to Guan Di on 24th. On this day, firecrackers exploded in Beijing.
July
beginning of autumn. It rains every day in beginning of autumn, and Akita is flourishing. As the saying goes, "riding a rain in autumn brings gold everywhere." Children go to school on beginning of autumn Day. The first book in a private school is "Come to learn in autumn." Beggar's Day: Also called Daughter's Day, that is, July 7th. Folk 1 uses a bowl of water to throw a needle in the sun, which is called begging to throw a needle. 1 put mung beans in a bowl a few days ago and cover them with cloth. Water every day, and open the cover on Tanabata. If the buds are not disorderly, their daughters will be clever. Legend has it that this day is the day when the cowherd will weave the girl. Mid-Autumn Festival: The 15th of July is the day of grave-sweeping, and there is a Orchid Festival in the nunnery. It is said that today is the day when Mulian monk saves his mother. Put on lotus lights and lotus lights at night. "Lotus lamp, bought today and thrown tomorrow." Earth Tibetan Society: July 3th is the birthday of Earth Tibetan King. The monasteries chanted scriptures, tied boats and burned them at night. The greatest number is tens of feet.
August
Mid-Autumn Festival: August 15th. On this day, the moon is sacrificed to Yue Bai. In the direction of the moon coming out, offer a "moonlight horse", draw a bodhisattva with paper, and draw a moon palace and a jade rabbit below. Men don't worship when offering sacrifices to the moon. The offerings are mainly fresh fruits, and the exquisite ones are Miluo fruit, safflower crisp jujube, Zhongshan Yuli, Henan pomegranate, purple grape, green edamame, yellow pear red persimmon, white lotus root violet and so on. Before the festival, the biggest thing on the street was the "rabbit stall". Knead the loess into a rabbit shape and paint it on the outside. There are people who ride tigers and horses, and those who have wide robes and big sleeves and golden helmets and golden armour. They are all lively and lovely.
September
Autumn begins in Beijing. Going out for an autumn outing with interest is called "quitting youth". The seasonal flowers in Beijing are chrysanthemums, also called yellow flowers and nine flowers. This month's solar term is first frost. Pickled vegetables: At this time, fresh vegetables in Beijing are coming to an end, and people begin to pickle vegetables for the winter. Double Ninth Festival: the ninth day of September, also called Ascending Festival. It is said that climbing high on this day can avoid bad luck, and it is also said that "climbing high will gain weight". This day's offerings are made with flower cakes. Those who pay attention to it drink good township wine with bad crabs. Double Ninth Festival loves rain. There is a sentence in the ancient poem "Chrysanthemum blooms in the rain for Chongyang".
October
After October, Beijing will enter winter. Beijingers began to be busy for the winter. Send cold clothes: On the first day, families burn colorful paper clothes for the dead. Later, it was replaced by burning bags. Adding fire: also called fumigation kang. Beijingers make a fire in a house on the first day of October (called fire evacuation on the first day of February). Eight Banners Training: October 15th. In the Qing Dynasty, the Eight Banners held exercises in Yangshanwa (Jiangtai) more than ten miles outside Andingmen.
November
The winter solstice in October of the lunar calendar is a national ceremony, which is not celebrated by the people, but most people eat jiaozi on this day. Idle people in Beijing began to paint and dye the "Nine-Nine Cold Relief Map" on the winter solstice. December, the twelfth lunar month, began to enter the year.
refers to the traditional customs, manners and habits of individuals or groups. It is a behavior pattern or norm that people in the past dynasties have followed in a specific social and cultural area. It mainly includes national customs, holiday customs, traditional etiquette and so on. Custom is formed by a kind of history, which has a very strong behavior restriction on members of society. Custom is the foundation and complementary part of social morality and law.
custom is a behavior pattern or norm that people in the past dynasties have followed in a specific social and cultural area. The diversity of customs means that people often call the differences in behavior norms caused by different natural conditions "wind"; And the differences in behavior rules caused by social and cultural differences are called "vulgarity".
The so-called "different winds in a hundred miles, different customs in a thousand miles" exactly reflects the characteristics that customs vary from place to place. Custom is a kind of social tradition. Some popular fashions, customs and inappropriate parts of the original customs will change with the changes of historical conditions. The so-called "changing customs" is precisely this meaning. Custom is formed by a kind of history, which has a very strong behavior restriction on members of society. Custom is the foundation and complementary part of social morality and law.
explanation: traditional customs, manners and habits of individuals or groups.
Source: Deng Xiaoping's "On the Problems of Ethnic Minorities in Southwest China": "For example, implement the three major disciplines and eight attentions, and respect the customs and religious beliefs of Tibetans."
Example: 1. When we go to a place, we should respect the local ~. 2. From "bar mitzvah ceremony" to "crown ceremony", tattooing or tooth extraction, and the resumption of blood relationship, the feud between the father and the wife, and the marriage of a woman without leaving her husband's family are all customs and habits inherited by the clan commune. (On the Similarities and Differences between Baiyue and Baipu by Huang Xianfan)
Resources: Baidu Encyclopedia-Customs and Habits.