(1) Formula: 1. Poplar sawdust 79%, wheat bran 2%, gypsum 1%, carbendazim .1%(5% wettable powder); 2. Corn cob (crushed to the size of broad bean) 45%, poplar sawdust 4%, corn flour 13%, gypsum 1%, lime powder 1%, carbendazim .1%(5% wettable powder). Wood chips should be aged for more than half a year, and wheat bran must be fresh, free from mildew and moth.
(2) mixing materials: after weighing the above raw materials, mix the sawdust, wheat bran and gypsum together, stir them evenly, turn them over for 4-5 times, then put carbendazim and lime into water, and spray them into the dry materials with a watering can after mixing them evenly. While watering, mix the material evenly, and adjust the moisture content of the culture material to about 6% (that is, when the material is pinched by hand, the wet material is agglomerated, and water drops appear in the fingers but do not drip).
(3) bagging: low-pressure polyethylene film is used, and the size of large bag is 25× 55cm, and that of middle bag is 17 ~ 2× 55cm. The big bag can hold 2. kg of dry material, and the middle bag can hold about 1.5 kg of dry material. Before loading, seal one end of the plastic bag until it is absolutely airtight. Put the evenly stirred culture material into a bag with proper tightness. There is no softness in the center of the material bag packed by hand, and there is no drooping at both ends.
2. Sterilization
(1) Construction of an earthen steamer: a large iron pot with a diameter of 1.5 meters is selected and a earthen steamer with a length × width× height of 2×2×2.5 meters and a volume of 8 ~ 1 cubic meters is built. The inside and outside of each pot wall is polished with high-grade cement, and a curtain with a diameter of 1.7 meters is made of wood squares or iron bars, which is placed on the pot surface and covered with sacks to prevent the material bag from being punctured. Then a pot cover with a diameter of 2.1 meters is made of galvanized sheet with a thickness of 1.5 mm, and the steaming pot is ready for use.
(2) add water to the pot: before the fire is sterilized, add enough water to the pot, and the water level in the pot is about 2 cm away from the curtain, then align the stuffed bags up and down and put them on the curtain in the steamer in batches.
(3) Fire, heating and sterilization: before filling the pot, fire should be started, and the temperature in the pot should reach 1℃ for 4-6 hours, and then heating should be continued, and the temperature should be kept for 1 hours, and then it should be stuffy overnight. When the material temperature drops to 7℃, it should be taken out of the pot and quickly moved into the cooling room, and then inoculated.
III. Inoculation
(1) Disinfection of rooms: 4 days before use, put the tools for discharging into the indoor sealed doors and windows to ensure that the room is airtight, and then ignite each room with sulfur and fumigate the room.
(2) Inoculation time: When the temperature of the material bag drops to 3℃, the inoculation time should be arranged in the morning and evening.
(3) Inoculation procedure: it is advisable to have four people, do a good job of division of labor, operate, light the alcohol lamp, punch the strain, take the strain, mix the bag and tie the strain, and seal it. The finished bacterial bags are stacked in a "well" shape, with 5 layers in each pile.
fourth, fungus culture
(1) keep the room dark and control the room temperature at about 25℃.
(2) After inoculation for 16-2 days, 1-2 holes with a depth of .5-1. cm are pierced on the inoculation point with toothpicks. Use a sweater needle for the second time and chopsticks for the third time, stabbing every 1 days, gradually increasing and deepening.
v. color change management
color change is generally carried out in the fungus growing room. When the room temperature reaches 2 ~ 3℃, take off the bag, soak the fungus tube in lime water and take it out. It should be ventilated frequently, but the time should not be too long at a time. Generally, 3 minutes is appropriate.
6. Management of fruiting period
(1) Construction of mushroom shed, the existing shed or greenhouse can be used. If you build a new shed, you can choose to be in the lee of the sun, with dry terrain, flat and no water accumulation, clean and hygienic environment, sufficient water and convenient feeding and discharging, such as in the courtyard, in front of and behind houses, near villages, orchards and open spaces among trees. The film in the greenhouse is covered with straw curtain or sunshade.
(2) bacterial bag discharge; It is horizontally arranged on the bedstead, and the bag spacing is about 4 cm. Each layer can be discharged into large bags of 42 ~ 44 bacteria bags. In order to make it convenient for the bacteria bags to replenish water, it is best to build a soaking pool near a shed.
(3) temperature change to promote mushroom growth: the temperature difference between day and night must reach more than 1℃ in the greenhouse to stimulate the formation of mushroom buds. Keep the humidity in the shed at 85%. Where conditions permit, we can use the method of urging flowers and mushrooms to produce more flowers and mushrooms, so as to create better economic benefits.
VII. Harvest
(1) Get rid of the inferior and keep the superior: If the young mushrooms grow too densely, they should be picked properly and kept at a uniform distance.
(2) In early spring or late autumn, the mushroom can be heated by the fire, and the mushroom can be produced earlier or later. When the weather is cold in winter, the fungus bags can be stacked together for the winter. When the temperature rises next year, the mushrooms will grow again.
The harvested mushrooms can be sold fresh or dried. After harvesting, let the fungus cylinder rest and cultivate bacteria, accumulate nutrition, and provide sufficient nutrient conditions for the next batch of mushrooms.