Pinyin name Rou Gui
Alias Mugui (Ben Jing), Zigui (Theory of Medicinal Properties), Dagui (Tang Materia Medica), Lagui (Renzhai Zhizhifang), Guipi (Materia Medica) and Yugui (Seeking Original Materia Medica).
source
It is the dry bark and branch bark of Cinnamomum cassia of Lauraceae. Generally, during August ~10, osmanthus trees are selected, and the bark is stripped according to a certain width and processed into different specifications, mainly including the following:
1 osmanthus fragrans: peel off young trunk bark and coarse branch bark cultivated for 5-6 years, sun-dry them for1~ 2 days, roll them into a cylinder, and dry them in the shade.
2. Guibian: Peel the dried skin of more than ten years old, trim both ends, put it in a wooden concave-convex board and dry it in the sun.
3. Cinnamomum cassia: Peel the dry bark of the aged Cinnamomum cassia tree, make an annular incision at a place 30cm above the ground, peel the bark, put it in a cinnamon clip and take it out when it is 90% dry, stack it vertically and horizontally, press it, and completely dry it after about 1 month.
As for Cinnamomum cassia, that is, the side strips detected during the processing of Cinnamomum cassia, the cork is removed. All kinds of cinnamon goods should be stored in a dry and cool place, or put in a tin box and sealed.
Original form
Cinnamomum cassia, also known as: Guimu (Classic of Mountains and Seas), Gui, Mu Gui (Erya), Gui Tong (Guo Pu's Note on Erya), and Fu Gui.
Evergreen trees, height12 ~17m. The bark is grayish brown and fragrant, and the young branches are slightly quadrangular. Leaves alternate and leathery; Long oval to nearly lanceolate, 8 ~17cm long and 3.5 ~ 6cm wide, with sharp apex, blunt base, whole margin, green and shiny on the top, grayish green on the bottom, and puberulent; It has 3 veins from the base, which are obviously raised below, and the veinlets are horizontally parallel; Petiole stout, long1~ 2 cm. Panicle axillary or terminal, long10 ~19 cm, pubescent; Flowers small, about 3 cm in diameter; Pedicel ca. 5 mm; Perianth tube about 2 mm long, lobes 6, yellow-green, oval, about 3 mm long, densely pubescent inside and outside; The developing stamens are 9 and 3 rounds, the anthers are oblong, 4-loculed and valved, there are no glands on the outer 2 rounds of filaments, the anthers are inward, the third round of stamens are outward, there are 2 glands at the base of filaments, and there are 1 round staminodes in the innermost, and the anthers are heart-shaped; The pistil is slightly shorter than the stamen, the ovary is oval, 1 room, the ovule 1, the style is thin, almost as long as the ovary, and the stigma is slightly discoid. Berry is oval or obovate, with slightly truncated apex, dark purple, about12 ~13mm long, with persistent perianth outside. The seeds are oval and purple. The flowering period is from May to July. The fruiting period is from February to March of the following year.
The twigs (Cinnamomum cassia twig) and young fruits (Cinnamomum cassia twig) of this plant are also used for medicine, and each of them is detailed in a special article.
Habitat distribution is cultivated in sandy soil and sloping mountains. Distributed in Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Yunnan and other places. Location: Guangxi, Guangdong, Yunnan and other places.
character
1 Guan Gui (Materia Medica)
Also known as: Jingui (A Book of Classic), Tonggui (Tang Herbal Medicine), Guiertong, Guitong and Tiaogui. It is semi-grooved or cylindrical, with a length of about 40 cm, a width of about1.5 ~ 3 cm and a skin thickness of1~ 3 mm. The outer surface is gray-brown, with fine wrinkles and small cracks, oval lenticels, occasionally raised transverse stripes and gray spots; Those who scrape off the cork have a smooth, reddish-brown surface, which is commonly called Guixin. The inner surface is dark reddish brown and granular. Hard and brittle, with purplish red or brownish red cross section, light-colored stone cell groups can be seen, and the broken lines are annular. The breath is fragrant and the taste is sweet and pungent.
2 laurel on the border
Also known as; Qinghuagui It is long and flaky, the left and right sides are curled inward, and the center is slightly concave downward. It is 40 ~ 50 cm long, 4.5 ~ 6 cm wide and 3 ~ 6 mm thick. The outer surface is grayish brown, the inner surface is reddish brown, and when it is scratched with nails, it is brown and oily. Strong aroma, others are similar to Guan Gui.
3 Ban Gui ("Materia Medica")
Alias: Gui Nan. It is plate-shaped, usually 30 ~ 40 cm long, 5 ~12 cm wide and about 4 mm thick, with rough sections at both ends.
Above all, it is better to have fine skin and thick meat, purple cross section, heavy oil, strong aroma, sweet and slightly pungent taste and no residue when chewing.
The chemical composition of bark contains volatile oil (called cinnamon oil)1~ 2%, the main component is cinnamaldehyde 75 ~ 90%, and a small amount of cinnamyl acetate and phenylpropyl acetate. This product does not contain eugenol. It also contains mucus, tannin, etc.
pharmacological action
Effects of 1 on central nervous system
Cinnamaldehyde contained in Cinnamomum cassia has obvious sedative effect on mice, which shows that spontaneous activity is reduced. Excessive activities against methamphetamine, dyskinesia caused by rotating rod test and prolonging the anesthesia time of cyclohexylbarbital sodium. It is proved that it has analgesic effect by observing the writhing movement by pressing the tail of mice or injecting acetic acid intraperitoneally. It has cooling effect on normal body temperature of mice and artificial fever caused by mixed vaccine of typhoid and paratyphoid. Cinnamaldehyde and sodium cinnamate have antipyretic effects on rabbits with fever caused by warm needling. It can delay the time of tonic convulsion and death caused by strychnine, and reduce the incidence of tonic convulsion and death caused by nicotine. It is ineffective for those caused by pentylenetetrazol.
2 hypotensive effect
Fuzi and Cinnamomum cassia compound have antihypertensive effect on adrenal cortical hypertensive rats (model formed by burning one adrenal gland); However, it has no effect on renal hypertensive rats (a model formed by ligation of the kidney in figure 8). This effect may be caused by aconite and cinnamon promoting the adrenal activity with reduced function and making it tend to be normal.
3 the role of schistosomiasis prevention
Mice were given oral infusion (unspecified variety) of 0.2ml/10g body weight (10.8g/180ml) for * * * days, and infected with Schistosoma japonicum on the third day after taking the medicine, which had no preventive effect, such as with realgar, betel nut and Ah.
4 Other functions
Cinnamon oil has a strong bactericidal effect, and its effect on Gram-stained rigid bacteria is better than that of negative ones. Because of its * * * nature, it is rarely used as an antibacterial drug, but external application can treat stomach pain, flatulence and colic. Oral administration can be used as a stomach-invigorating and wind-expelling agent. It also has obvious fungicidal effect. A mixture containing1.5% cinnamon oil and 0.5% thymol was used to treat tinea capitis. Cinnamaldehyde and sodium cinnamate can cause vasodilation of frog's webbed membrane and increase of white blood cells in rabbits.
Toxic meat column is pungent and hot medicine, and there is a record of small toxicity in herbal medicine, so the dosage should not be too large. It has been reported that after taking cinnamon powder 1.2 for two weeks, toxic reactions such as dizziness, dizziness, eye swelling, astringency, cough, scanty urine, thirst and rapid pulse occurred, which were gradually eliminated after taking cold medicine1~ 2 weeks.
Processing and sorting out impurities, scraping off rough skin and breaking it when used; Or scrape off the rough skin, soak in warm water for a while, slice and dry.
Sexual taste
Singan, hot,
1 Classic: ambiguous and warm.
2 "Don't record": it is sweet and spicy, too hot and has a little poison.
3 "Theory of Medicinal Properties": Bitter and pungent, non-toxic.
4 "The Origin of Medicine": the gas is hot and the taste is pungent.
Meridian tropism
Enter the kidney, spleen and bladder meridian.
1 "Pearl Capsule": Sun Meridian. Foot-shaoyin meridian
2 "Lei Gong Processed Drug Property Solution": Entering the heart, spleen, lung and kidney.
3 "Herbal Classics": Start with the blood points of foot shaoyin and Jueyin.
Functions: it is mainly used to tonify Yuanyang, warm spleen and stomach, remove accumulated cold and dredge blood vessels. It can be used for the treatment of life-threatening fire, weak pulse in limbs, yang exhaustion, abdominal pain and diarrhea, cold hernia and dolphin running, cold pain in waist and knees, amenorrhea, yin gangrene, dribbling, and deficiency of yang floating over, with upper heat and lower cold.
1 "Ben Jing": governing the upper qi to cough, blocking qi and throat obstruction, spitting and inhaling, benefiting joints, tonifying the middle energizer and benefiting qi.
2 "Don't record": main heartache, hypochondriac wind, hypochondriac pain, warming tendons, dredging veins, relieving boredom and sweating. Regulating middle warmer, benefiting liver and lung qi, cold and fever in the heart, cholera, headache, low back pain, stopping salivation, cough, and nasal paralysis: abortion, strengthening joints, dredging blood vessels, and insufficient dredging; Advocating all kinds of medicines is fearless.
3 《 Theory of Medicinal Properties 》: Indications: several kinds of heartburn, killing three worms, treating blood stasis, dredging and closing the moon, treating soft feet, numbness, inhumanity, lingering afterbirth, removing cough, stagnation of qi and carbuncle, stopping abdominal cold, unbearable pain, diarrhea and nasal polyps. Kill plant poison.
4 "Rihuazi Materia Medica": cure all ethos, make up for five strains and seven injuries, dredge nine orifices, benefit joints, benefit essence, improve eyesight, warm waist and knees, break scabies, eliminate blood stasis, cure arthralgia and contracture, continue bones and muscles, and generate muscles.
5 "Pearl Capsule": Defending against apoplexy and abdominal pain in the lower part of autumn and winter.
6 "The Origin of Medicine": tonify the deficiency of lower energizer, and treat cold shoulder and spontaneous sweating due to exterior deficiency. "the secret of attending": leaking and quenching thirst.
7 "Medication Heart Method": Enemy cold and evil, cure running dolphins.
Wang Haogu: It is not enough to fill the life door, and it is beneficial to fire and eliminate yin.
9 "Compendium": Treat cold arthralgia, wind, blood loss due to yin excess, diarrhea and dysentery. Treating blood loss due to yang deficiency, carbuncle and acne, inducing blood to turn into sweat and pus, and relieving snake venom.
Administration and dosage: decoction, 0.5 ~1.5 yuan; Or into the pill, scattered. External use: grinding, blending or rubbing with wine.
pay attention to
Yin deficiency and fire are forbidden, and pregnant women should take them with caution.
1 Bielu: Radix Ginseng, Radix Glycyrrhizae, Radix Ophiopogonis, Radix et Rhizoma Rhei, and Scutellariae Radix were obtained, and the middle energizer was adjusted to replenish qi; Bupleurum, purple Shi Ying and dried rehmannia root are obtained to treat vomiting.
2 "Medicine Pair": Avoid stone fat.
3 《 Herbal Classics 》: Bloody collapse with bloody urine, vomiting blood and hemoptysis due to yin deficiency, epistaxis, biting teeth, sweating blood, adverse urination due to heat, dry stool due to heat, cough due to lung heat, excessive postpartum bloodletting, postpartum blood deficiency and fever, postpartum blood deficiency and cold and heat, yin deficiency and five upset and hot, like a stroke, mouth and eyes askew, aphonia and wordlessness. Women suffer from pain due to blood heat in menstruation, men and women suffer from yin deficiency, internal heat and external cold, heatstroke and diarrhea, and all of them stagnate in pure blood. Because of heat in the heart meridian, blood in the intestine wind, dirty blood in the stool, yang syncope is like yin, nocturnal emission is slippery, deficiency of yang counts, loss of yin and blindness, the method does not avoid it.
4 "materia medica tongxuan": avoid seeing fire.
5 "Deserved Materia Medica": Phlegm, sore throat, blood deficiency and dryness in the interior, pregnant women and postpartum blood fever are prohibited.
6 "Materia Medica Seeking Truth": Those who are deficient in essence and blood and whose liver is full of fire should avoid it.
Attached prescription
1 Treat kidney qi deficiency, fatigue and cold in the lower body, abdominal pain, frequent drowning at night, weakness of feet and knees, limb fatigue, dark complexion and no appetite; Athlete's foot is rushing up, and less abdomen is heartless; Insufficient fatigue, thirst for water, heavy waist pain, lack of abdomen and urgency, and unfavorable urination; Men quench their thirst and urinate more; The symptoms of women's abnormal urination are as follows: peony bark, poria cocos, Alisma orientalis, cooked dried rehmannia root, Cornus officinalis and Dioscorea opposita, aconite root (processed, peeled and umbilical) and cinnamon bark (peeled). The top is the bottom, and the honey pill is as big as a scorpion. Take fifteen to twenty-five pills each time with warm wine. Take two servings a day before eating hollow food. (Eight-flavor Pills of Jufang, namely Shenqi Pills of Jingui)
2. Treat deficiency of Yuanyang, fire failure of life gate, deficiency and cold of spleen and stomach, eating less, or vomiting and swelling; Or nausea choking the diaphragm, or fear of cold, or abdominal pain, or constipation, frequent diarrhea, or small diarrhea, cold hernia, or cold invading the valley and arthralgia, or cold in the lower energizer and edema due to water evil, and the spirit of deficiency of true yang is exhausted and timid, the heartbeat is restless, the four bodies are not closed, and yang failure is childless. To apply the medicine, first steam the cooked rehmannia root into paste, add honey pills as big as marbles, chew two or three pills each time, and send them with boiled soup. ("Jing Yue Quan Shu" You Gui Wan)
3 Treatment of summer heat, excessive drinking, spleen and stomach dampness, Shui Gu indistinguishable, turbid and coherent, yin and yang qi adverse, cholera vomiting, viscera imbalance: licorice (file, long inch) 30 kg, dried ginger (fried with cannon) 4 kg, almond (peeled, pointed and sand fried) 4 kg.