Changzhou comb production technology was formed in the Eastern Jin Dynasty and has a history of 1500 years.
During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the production technology of Changzhou comb has reached a very high level, and the production scale has also exceeded that of previous dynasties.
"Changzhou Fu" during the reign of Qianlong in the Qing Dynasty stated: "Cut bamboo into a grate, and it is more than a household in the gate of Beijing." At that time, tens of thousands of people were engaged in comb making in the west and south gates of Changzhou, so there was "Biji Lane" in the west gate and "Mushu Street" in the south gate as the place names.
Since the Guangxu period of Qing Dynasty, officials from Suzhou Weaving House have customized a batch of fine combs in Changzhou every year, and sent them to the imperial palace, so Changzhou combs have always enjoyed the reputation of "the famous combs in the palace".
In modern times, Changzhou Comb has participated in many exhibitions and expositions at home and abroad, and won more than 10 gold and silver medals, such as 19 15 silver medal in Panama International Peace Expo, 1926 gold medal in Philadelphia International Expo, and198/kloc-.
In foreign exchanges, Changzhou comb is often used as a national gift.
The palace combs the famous grate, and the feelings are the same; Yanling specialty, bloom Bindi.
Changzhou was first called Yanling, and this song of Han folk songs in Changzhou is a famous specialty of Changzhou, namely wooden comb and grate.
Comb comb is called comb, which is one of the eight ancient hair accessories in China.
In ancient China, comb was called the eight major hair accessories together with hairpin, hairpin, victory, stepping, gold cymbals, bamboo flowers and fun.
The comb is a kind of comb. In ancient times, Han women often put exquisite combs on the bun as hair accessories.
In Xu Shen's Shuo Wen Jie Zi in Han Dynasty, there is a cloud: comb, comb is also the general name.
The ancients grew long hair, and combing comb was a necessary thing for combing hair every day.
The pitch of the comb is loose, which is used to comb the hair; The dense spacing between the teeth of the grate is used to remove dirt from the hair, keep the hair clean and free from parasites, which makes people glow.
Comb can also * * scalp nerve, promote metabolism, prolong life, and can be inserted into hair and jewelry.
Changzhou comb has a history of 1500 years since it was popular in Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties.
The founder of grate industry should be Chen Qizi.
During the Spring and Autumn Period, Chen Qizi was an official and was imprisoned for his crimes.
Because of the poor living conditions in prison, Chen Qizi's head was covered with lice, which made him extremely itchy.
Once, after Chen Qizi was beaten by the jailer with a bamboo board, he found that the bamboo board was cracked into a grate.
After Chen Qizi tidied it up and pressed it, he used it to remove the dirt and lice on his head.
This is the original grate.
Changzhou's wood comb industry is different from that of the grate-duster industry. The wood comb industry is the founder of Helian and Huangfu, and the grate-duster industry is the founder of Chen Qizi.
Helian and Huangfu are legendary craftsmen in the era of the Yellow Emperor.
Hector even is sometimes written by Helian and Cheren.
It is said that afterwards, every year on February 18 and September 28 of the lunar calendar, the comb industry would hold ceremonies to offer sacrifices to its ancestors in order to pray for its prosperous business.
The Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal, which was dug in the Sui Dynasty, passed through Changzhou. At that time, the whole street on both sides of the canal was full of comb workshops, so it was called Mucomb Street and Biji Lane.
Standing on Wenheng Bridge, with the bright moon above your head, your eyes are hanging down the streets and alleys, moonlight, lights and waves are reflected, and the sound of water, footsteps, oars and bamboo splitting are combined into music.
The ancients said: Wenheng crosses the moon and the grate beams are lit, which is the first of the eight scenic spots in the western suburbs of Changzhou.
There is a saying in the south of the Yangtze River: "Yangzhou rouge Suzhou flower is the first comb in Changzhou".
Changzhou comb began in the Jin Dynasty (AD 265-420) and has a history of 1600 years.
Among the cultural relics unearthed from the Eastern Jin tombs in the eastern suburbs of Changzhou, there is a semicircular wooden comb, which has a history of 1500 years.
Changzhou Buhengshun Comb Shop was established in the Apocalypse of Ming Dynasty (1622), which has been handed down from generation to generation, and has five techniques: "carving, tracing, engraving, stamping and inlaying".
In the late Ming and early Qing dynasties, Changzhou comb was well-known in the north and south, and tens of thousands of people engaged in comb production around Ximen and Nanmen were handed down from generation to generation.
There are Biji Lane and Musha Street in the city, all named after the comb distribution center, and there are thousands of old shops such as Bu Hengshun and Wang Dachang.
"Changzhou Fu" has a description that "bamboo is cut into a grate, and the door facing Beijing is more than the door", and "Wen Heng wears the moon and the grate beam lights" is one of the eight scenic spots in the western suburbs of Changzhou in the late Ming Dynasty, which shows the grand production of comb in Changzhou in history.
In the Qing Dynasty, in order to flatter the emperor, officials of Suzhou Weaving House always went to Changzhou to customize a batch of high-grade combs to pay tribute to the palace every July in the lunar calendar.
The Changzhou ivory comb used by Li Lianying to comb the hair of the Western Empress Dowager has remained in the Forbidden City.
Therefore, Changzhou comb enjoys the name of "Palace comb".
Changzhou comb is famous for its strict selection of materials, unique technology and excellent production.
Changzhou comb is a fine work.
Tooth tip lubrication, water does not take off.
For example, wooden combs are made of boxwood, heather wood and jujube wood, which have been used for hundreds of years, and are refined through 28 processes.
This is not only a commodity, but also a handicraft.
At the end of the Qing Dynasty and the beginning of the Republic of China, with the invention of raw lacquer gluing technology and the export of its products, its popularity spread far and wide overseas.
The exquisite Changzhou comb combines practicality and decoration, and has been loved by the people for more than a thousand years.
Today, the traditional comb has gradually faded out of people's daily life, but its great cultural and artistic value can not be ignored.
In June 2008, Changzhou comb was selected into the national intangible cultural heritage list, which once again attracted people's attention.
The earliest comb in China was 1959, an ivory comb unearthed in Dawenkou, Ningyang, Shandong Province, about 6,000 years ago.
Judging from the combs that have been unearthed and handed down by some Han people, Han, Tang and Song dynasties are different.
In the Han dynasty, it was a long horseshoe-shaped, and the decorative patterns were mainly cloud patterns, with birds and animals entering the feathers occasionally; In the Tang dynasty, it was horseshoe-shaped, with a slightly wider lower part; In the Song Dynasty, it was crescent-shaped.
Ancient combs were mostly made of wood or bamboo and precious materials, such as gold, silver, ivory, rhinoceros horn, crystal, tortoise shell, tin, jade inlaid beads and so on.
According to the literature, women in the Tang Dynasty not only liked to insert combs, but also liked to insert grates.
In the heyday of the Tang Dynasty, there were numerous designs and colors of local combs, and the ones were more than two feet long.
Since the Northern Song Dynasty, the texture has become increasingly valuable, and gold and silver combs are quite popular.
Women in Song Dynasty advocated inserting combs, which was not inferior to that in Tang Dynasty, and reached the level of infatuation.
Su Dongpo, a great writer, once wrote a poem, "When a mountain man is drunk, the iron crown falls, and when a woman laughs, the silver comb is low."
In the Yuan Dynasty, Changzhou comb went to sea from the canal through the Yangtze River and spread overseas along the Silk Road on the water.
After the Yuan Dynasty, the habit of carding gradually declined, and it was almost forgotten in the Ming and Qing Dynasties.
Changzhou comb production has embarked on the road of collectivization and semi-mechanization.
While inheriting and carrying forward the traditional skills of "carving, tracing, engraving and ironing", it combines the characteristics of daily necessities, handicrafts and decorations, constantly bringing forth the old and bringing forth the new, making the comb a daily-use handicraft full of national traditional style and artistic charm.
198 1 year, Changzhou comb has been upgraded to three levels in two years: the first generation is simple daily necessities, the second generation is the combination of daily necessities and handicrafts, and the third generation is artistic appreciation and small gifts.
Among them, there are "longevity combs" which integrate art appreciation and health care functions, modeling appreciation combs such as "Four Beautiful Women" and "Twelve Hairpins in a Red Chamber", tourist commemorative combs such as butterflies, dragons and phoenixes, facial makeup and ethnic dolls, and various grates as exquisite as jade.
By the end of 2005 10, Changzhou had nearly 1000 professional and technical personnel engaged in comb manufacturing and more than 10,000 auxiliary production personnel.
The annual output of dustpans is more than1300,000, and the annual output of wooden combs is 2 million. Every year, millions of combs in Changzhou are exported to all parts of the world.
From the first generation of daily comb, to the second generation of daily craft comb, to the third generation of art appreciation comb and tourism comb, Changzhou comb factory has created the fourth generation of hair comb and chest comb.
These combs are lifelike in shape and colorful, integrating practicality, appreciation, decoration and collection.
Changzhou comb, which used to be the imperial palace comb, has become a necessity and collection for people to comb their hair and clean their hair every day.