I. Cultivation preparation: from inoculation to mushroom about 90 to 120 days, the entire growth period of about 300 to 330 days, generally in the summer and autumn high temperature season in the indoor cooling conditions for the preparation of the cultivation bag (specifications for the 17 cm × 34 cm, round) fungus block, the end of the fall and the beginning of winter out of the mushroom. The temperature range of mycelial growth of shiitake mushroom is from 3 to 32℃, and the suitable temperature is from 10 to 28℃, and the fertility temperature of fruiting body is from 5 to 25℃, and the suitable temperature is from 12 to 17℃, and the cultivation method is bed-frame type, and 6 rows of cultivation beds with width of 65cm are arranged in one shed, and the main aisle is 50cm wide, and the other aisles are 35cm wide, and the middle bed-frame is divided into upper and middle 2 layers, and the wrapped ground is a 3-layer three-dimensional type. Both sides of the bed frame set up a layer of beds, pack the ground for 2 layers. Immediately adjacent to the shed on both sides of the two rows of beds without bed frame, only in the ground E cultivation layer. Every 2 layers of bed spacing distance of 50 ~ 60 cm, bed edge 20 cm high, ground bed bed edge can be used red brick arch standing rows. The whole greenhouse floor is leveled with red bricks, or the surface is leveled and then planted with shiitake mushrooms. The cultivation mode can be divided into two kinds: solid original seed cultivation or cultivation after liquid strain production. The main measures are as follows: slanting mother seed, original seed (shaking bottle seed), liquid cultivation seed, cultivation bag, discharging the seed from the bag, restoring the growth of the fungus block, and changing the color of the cultivation of the mushroom, mushroom management, and harvesting. Before discharging the strains, put the film on the bed surface, one side first, then take off the bag of strains and place them evenly in rows on the bed surface. After discharging a bed surface, cover the other side of the film on top of the fungus block, do not have to cover tightly and tightly, to facilitate aeration. Afterwards, we will carefully cultivate the tube, and wait for the color to change, mushroom, until the harvest after the bed film will be removed.
Two, color change, mushroom management: before the mushroom, mycelium has a period of physiological changes in color change, this period, the shed temperature should be maintained between 20 ~ 23 ℃, but also lift the cover film to ventilation, heat preservation. It is necessary to prevent the steep growth of mycelium brought about by high temperature and high humidity, and the formation of thick mushroom skin, which will affect the yield and quality. If the conditions are suitable, it takes about 10 days from bag removal to color change. After the color change, the fungus mass turns from nutritive growth to reproductive growth, and this period is called the mushrooming period. ① Autumn and winter mushrooms (October to December), due to the high temperature of the shed, it is necessary to remove the film frequently to cool down the temperature, and keep the temperature of the shed between 10 and 15℃ for a long time. For every harvest, the membrane should be removed for a short period of time in order to promote development. ② Winter mushrooms (January to February) when the temperature is low, mycelium growth is slow, it is appropriate to spray water on the ground on sunny days to moisturize, usually to keep warm. ③Spring mushrooms (March～June) Firstly, the mushroom blocks should be soaked in water, and the water content should be 60%. The second is to control the temperature of the shed, keep the temperature difference between day and night at 20 to 25 ℃ to 10 to 15 ℃, that is, 10 ℃ temperature difference. Later, the temperature rises, can be appropriate to uncover the film cooling.2. Purple fungus cultivation technology points 2.1 development conditions Purple fungus to adapt to a wide range of mycelium between 5 ~ 39 ℃ can be normal growth, the substrate of 0 ~ 42 ℃, purple fungus like high temperature, high humidity, oxygen requirements are not strict, oxygen-deficient environments, but still can be normal growth. Its mycelium culture should be carried out in the dark, because in the strong scattered light irradiation, will be prematurely mature, affecting the yield. Substrate can be in high temperature and high humidity under direct light grow vigorously, ear piece big and fat, color purple-red to purple-brown, excellent quality, so can be used for four-season cultivation.
Three, cultivation methods: there are three, are used 17 × 34 cm tube film material, inoculation at both ends, and then cultivation.
1, bed frame type: set up the bed frame in the same way as the mushroom. Then the two ends of the bag with a rope tied tightly, the bag surface with a razor blade on the 4 to 5 longitudinal slits, can be discharged (the same below), generally lying on the bed frame, rows of full, need to be covered with mulch.
2, hanging: shed set into rows of wooden stakes, mushroom bags hanging on the stakes, the distance between the self-defined, leaving aisles for management can be. Fungus bag Qi ground to the top of the pile hanging one by one, bag spacing of 5 cm, the pile of the lower ground can be lying rows, later, every 3 to 5 rows of piles with the whole piece of film to cover all the cover can be.
3, sand bed type: set up several rectangular watertight shallow bed pit, paved with river sand, 5 ~ 10 cm thick, this method * suitable for high temperature and drought conditions apply. Discharge before the sand layer filled with water, and then discharge bags, bed above can also set a certain height of wooden frame, stakes hanging bags to increase the yield, rows, hanging finished with a large piece of membrane cover.