First of all, talk about physical gold:
Physical gold is simply tangible gold, which is mainly divided into three categories: 1, gold ornaments; 2. Commemorative gold bars and coins; 3. Ordinary investment in gold bars and coins. Many people think that gold jewelry is the first choice for investing in gold, but it is not. The main function of gold ornaments is decoration and wearing, not preservation and appreciation. On the one hand, the processing fees and taxes of gold jewelry are higher, and the purchase price is generally higher than that of gold raw materials by more than 20%, so the cost is higher; On the other hand, repurchasing gold ornaments not only has limited channels and complicated procedures, but also deducts losses and old gold disposal fees and bears more liquidation expenses. After such a trip to buy and sell gold jewelry, sometimes it will not make money, but will lose money (except in the special case of skyrocketing). Therefore, buying gold ornaments can only be regarded as consumption, but not as an effective way to invest in gold.
Like gold ornaments, commemorative gold bars and commemorative gold coins are not a good investment channel, because the circulation of commemorative gold coins is very underdeveloped, the repurchase channel and price system are unfavorable to investors, and their income is still reflected in the collection value. Therefore, investing in commemorative gold bars and coins depends more on their ornamental value, historical significance and investors' collection vision.
In contrast, the design of investment gold bars and coins is simple, and the price is basically in line with the international real-time gold price. The fluctuation is closely related to the international gold price, and the investment transparency is high; And at present, many banks have repurchase services to buy back their own gold bars. Under the condition that the package is unopened and the gold bar itself is not damaged, it can be realized smoothly with some handling fees, which is a better channel for investing in physical gold.
After talking about physical gold, let's talk about paper gold:
Paper gold is a kind of personal voucher gold. Investors first go to the bank to open a gold passbook account, and then buy and sell "virtual" gold on the books according to the bank's quotation. Like stock trading, they earn the fluctuating price difference of gold by grasping the trend of international gold prices. Therefore, paper gold trading is a certificate of gold ownership, not real gold, and there will be no extraction and delivery of physical gold.
The starting point of paper gold trading is the integer unit of 10 gram. For example, today's gold price is 233 yuan/gram, and its investment threshold is around 2330 yuan, which is lower than the threshold of physical gold. Paper gold quotation closely follows the gold price in the international market and can be traded for 24 hours. When trading, it needs to charge a handling fee and spread. Kimmin A had known the quotation of Agricultural Bank of China before, and the handling fee was 0.8 yuan/gram, and the trading (that is, the spread) was 0.4 yuan/gram, so should other banks. Paper gold, like stocks, has the risk of not being short. If you misjudge the price trend, you will be stuck like a stock.
Now that we're talking about stocks, let's talk about gold stocks:
Gold stocks are listed or unlisted stocks issued by gold companies to the public, so they can also be called gold mining company stocks. Because real estate is a stock, the trend of gold stock does not depend entirely on the price of gold, but also on the company's own performance and stock price. Investment threshold 100 shares, that is, the first hand.
At present, there are 19 gold stocks listed, namely: Jinye Jewelry, Oriental Jin Jue, Tianye Shares, Western Gold, Jinyi Culture, Chifeng Gold, Hengbang Shares, Chenzhou Mining, Zijin Mining, Yuyuan Mall, Shandong Gold, Admiralty Gold, Guiyan Platinum, Ronghua Industry, Yuguang Gold and Lead, and Luoyang Molybdenum Industry. (In no particular order, there are too many codes to enter)
Next is spot gold:
Spot gold, also known as London gold, is a financial derivative based on 400 ounces of gold bricks with 99.5% purity stored in the underground vault of the City of London. Trading on MT4 platform, instead of going to the exchange, cash can be withdrawn after the spot gold makes up the deposit. The quotation unit is USD/oz, and each lot is 65,438+000 ounces. The minimum trading unit is 0.65,438+0 lots, that is, 65,438+00 ounces. The transaction cost is USD 65,438+000/lot, which is converted into RMB 0.20/gram (at today's exchange rate), and the required margin for each lot is generally USD 65,438+000.
From the transaction form, there are similarities between spot gold and paper gold, but the differences between them are still great, mainly in: 1, spot gold can be withdrawn, paper gold can't; 2. Spot gold is a margin transaction, and you can make small bets (high returns and big risks). Paper gold is a full transaction, which requires more funds than spot gold (lower risks and smaller returns); 3. Spot gold can buy up or short, and paper gold can only buy up; 4. Paper gold business can be handled in banks that open paper gold business, while spot gold trading can only be operated through platforms in Hong Kong at present.
The following is the gold T+D that is very close to the spot gold:
Gold T+D is a trading product of Shanghai Gold Exchange before the introduction of gold futures. It is a standardized contract made by Shanghai Gold Exchange, which stipulates to deliver a certain number of subject matter at a specific time and place in the future. Trading is conducted by stages, and traders can choose to deliver on the same day of the contract or postpone delivery. In T+D, "t" is the initials of Trade and "d" is the initials of Delay.
The basic trading unit of gold T+D is the hand, each hand1000g. Due to the implementation of the margin system, gold T+D generally has a leverage ratio of about 5 times. In addition to the deposit, individuals who trade gold (T+D) have to pay a handling fee of 8/10000 to the opening bank, which is a two-way payment for buying and selling. Gold T+D can extract real gold just like spot gold. It looks very similar, but it is actually a completely different investment product. The main differences are as follows:
1. Spot gold is a global wealth management product, and gold TD is only for investors in Chinese mainland; 2. Spot gold is traded 24 hours, and gold TD trading time is discontinuous; 3. Spot gold is a market maker transaction, and gold TD is a matchmaking transaction. 4. Stop loss and take profit can be set for spot gold, and only take profit can be set for gold TD, but no stop loss can be set.
Let's talk about gold futures:
Gold futures refer to futures contracts with the gold price in the international gold market as the transaction target at a certain time in the future. The profit and loss of investors buying and selling gold futures is measured by the difference between the time of entry and exit, which is the physical delivery after the contract expires.
On the investment threshold, the gold futures contract is 300 grams of gold per lot, and the minimum trading margin is 7% of the contract value. According to today's gold price of about 233 yuan per gram, the value of gold futures contract is about 69,900 yuan, and the minimum deposit that investors need to invest is 4,893 yuan.
Gold futures and gold T+D are the same in many aspects, but there are still differences, mainly in: 1, gold T+D has no delivery period, and investors can hold positions permanently. Gold futures contracts have an expiration date and cannot be held indefinitely. If you hold it until the end of the last trading day and have not closed your position, you are waiting for the equivalent physical gold. 2. The trading hours of gold futures are 9: 00 am ~1:30 am and 6: 5438+03: 30 pm ~ 6:5438+05:00 am, and the total trading time of gold T+D contracts is 10 hour 65438+.
The remaining gold ETFs and gold QDII are Public Offering of Fund products. After writing so much, I finally got to my place and my tears ran away ~ ~
Let's talk about gold QDII first:
Gold QDII fund is an overseas gold ETF supported by investing in physical gold (can be simply understood as a fund investing in overseas gold ETFs), which closely tracks the trend of gold prices and effectively disperses portfolio risks, and mainly makes money by increasing the net value of the fund. The trend of gold price is the most important factor affecting the performance of gold QDII. However, because different QDIIs have different positions in investing in gold ETFs and are not operated by Man Cang, the performance of funds is closely related to the investment level of managers.
At present, there are four public gold QDII in the fund, namely * * *, Harvest Gold, Yifangda Gold Theme, Huitianfu Gold Precious Metals and Nuoan Global Gold, which were established at 20 1 1. Because gold QDII is essentially a fund, its investment methods and channels are the same as those of ordinary Public Offering of Fund. The minimum investment is 1 1,000 yuan, the handling fee is 0.3%- 1%, and the redemption fee is 0-0.5%. Compared with the above-mentioned gold investment products, the initial amount of gold QDII is small and easy to buy. Professionals help you manage. Of course, you have to pay the management fee.
Finally, briefly talk about the gold ETF:
Gold ETF is an open investment fund, which is a financial derivative product based on gold and tracks the fluctuation of spot gold price. China Gold ETF invests in most assets and holds gold spot contracts listed on the Shanghai Gold Exchange, so as to track the domestic gold spot price performance. In addition, gold ETF can also participate in gold leasing appropriately and earn interest income.
* * * in the fund, there are currently four publicly offered gold ETFs, namely Huaan Gold ETF, Guotai Gold ETF, E Fund Gold ETF and Bosera Gold ETF. (Hua' an Yifu Gold ETF connects A and C because they are connected funds, so I don't have statistics. ) Except for Bosera Gold ETF, which was established on 20 14, the other three funds were established on 20 13. In terms of investment, the threshold for participating in the primary market is high, and the amount is about one million yuan; The threshold of the secondary market is low, with the lowest unit 100 copies/lot. According to the current gold price, the amount is only about 233 yuan. Because the 1 share of the gold ETF corresponds to 1 gram of gold, if you have accumulated 300,000 shares, equivalent to 3 kilograms of gold bricks recognized by the state, you can apply to the Shanghai Gold Exchange for real gold withdrawal.