1. Salt consists of the following components:
1, low sodium salt: using iodized salt as raw material and adding potassium chloride. It is not suitable for heavy manual workers, patients with kidney disease and patients with hypertension to take "Puli" and "Sartan" to lower blood pressure.
In order to prevent the harm caused by high-salt diet, the most important thing to control is sodium intake. The main component of salt is sodium chloride. Long-term excessive intake will damage vascular endothelial function, affect vasodilation activity, and lead to increased blood pressure.
Low sodium salt uses part of potassium chloride instead of sodium chloride, and its taste is not obviously different from ordinary salt. For people who usually eat more salt, have heavy taste and high blood pressure, low sodium salt can be used instead of ordinary salt.
Although low-sodium salt is healthier than ordinary salt, it is not suitable for everyone. For example, people who take antihypertensive drugs such as Puli and Sartan should be careful to eat low sodium salt.
2. Non-iodized salt: suitable for patients with hyperthyroidism and some thyroid tumors; Suitable for people who live in high iodine areas for a long time and often eat high iodine foods such as kelp and laver.
Non-iodized salt is suitable for two special groups of people.
The first category is people who live in high iodine areas for a long time and often eat high iodine foods such as kelp and laver, that is, people who can meet their own needs by taking iodine from the outside. Such people can choose non-iodized salt according to their own situation.
Non-iodized salt is also recommended for patients with hyperthyroidism and some thyroid tumors. But not all people with thyroid problems should take non-iodized salt, so be sure to take it according to the doctor's advice and don't switch to non-iodized salt without authorization!
3, iodized salt: suitable for most ordinary families. In addition, in addition to adding potassium chloride to the low sodium salt, some additives to prevent the salt from caking will be added to the salt: silicon dioxide, calcium silicate, ammonium ferric citrate and potassium (sodium) ferrocyanide.
Iodine is an essential trace element for human body and the main raw material for synthesizing thyroid hormone, which is an essential hormone for human growth and development.
Iodine deficiency can cause goiter, also known as big neck disease. Iodine deficiency in children's growth and development will also cause children's growth retardation and mental retardation, and even more serious results will lead to dementia, and this damage is irreversible.
In most areas where we live, the environment is generally short of iodine, so the state stipulates that iodine should be added to salt to prevent these diseases.
Second, the source of salt:
The sources of salt in China are mainly divided into three categories: well salt, lake salt and sea salt. According to the statistics of China Salt Industry Group, at present, the proportion of salt products in China is well salt 87%, sea salt 10% and lake salt 3%.
1, mineral salt and rock salt (accounting for 87%): mined from salt deposits, and rock salt is buried underground100m ~ 300m;
2. Lake salt (3%): salt directly extracted from salt lake, or salt dried in salt field with salt lake brine as raw material;
3. Sea salt (accounting for 10%): seawater is introduced into the saltworks, and then exposed to the sun, evaporated and crystallized.
The quality of well mineral salt is higher than that of lake salt and sea salt, because the raw materials of well mineral salt come from natural brine and rock salt deposits below thousand meters deep well, which are hardly polluted and have few impurities.
Finally, in summary, healthy people choose normal iodized salt; Patients with hypertension can choose "low sodium salt", but pay attention to whether there are kidney diseases and the types of antihypertensive drugs taken; Patients with hyperthyroidism should choose "non-iodized salt" according to the doctor's advice; People who are not short of iodine choose "non-iodized salt".
But no matter what salt you eat, remember that WHO recommends that adults should eat less than 5 grams of salt every day!
Third, the skills of salt selection:
1, the standard number of edible salt products on the market can generally be determined as Class 2.
The first category, the implementation of national standards: GB/T546 1, GB272 1.
The second category is the implementation of industry standards: NY/T 1040.
In addition, if you buy salt at the same price, you'd better choose the best, and the refined salt is from excellent to good: excellent > one > two or three grades; Sun-dried salt is only level one > level two, level two.
2. Clean ingredients are king.
When buying salt, be sure to read the ingredient list clearly. It is best not to add potassium ferrocyanide, and the less added components, the better.