One of the planting characteristics of Dafang Gastrodia elata in Guizhou is the planned planting in the base. Combined with the eight industrial planning and plate economic planning, in accordance with the requirements of base, scale, intensification and industrialization, the total planting area control and planned planting system of gastrodia elata were implemented. The planting area of gastrodia elata in the county is about 40,000 mu, and the production is determined by sales, which promotes the simultaneous improvement of the planting scale, quantity and quality benefit of gastrodia elata.
The second is to build a standardized planting base. Concentrate all forces, integrate all kinds of resources, actively promote national GAP certification standards, carry out standardized planting, do a good job in demonstration construction, do a good job in model construction, and improve the level of base construction. Adhere to the cultivation of experts who have forest land, know technology, know management and management, promote the production of Gastrodia elata to concentrate in production areas with rich resources, high management level and strong technical force, and promote the large-scale production and base development of Gastrodia elata industry.
The third is construction? Two kinds of bacteria? Gastrodia elata production base and improved seed breeding base. Existing in the county? Two kinds of bacteria? Enterprises with solid production foundation, certain technical strength and stable strains are the main ones, supplemented by other enterprises. Two kinds of bacteria? Production resources, apply for the approval number of strain production, and create high quality? Two kinds of bacteria? Production base, cultivate the brand of strains in this county. Strengthen the research and development of strain production, research and develop high-quality strains suitable for the production of gastrodia elata and other gastrodia elata varieties in this county, grasp the source of gastrodia elata planting lifeline, and ensure the yield and quality of gastrodia elata planting in the county. Annual output of buildings? Two kinds of bacteria? The large-scale, standardized and high-quality strain production plant with 4 million bags (equivalent to 8 million bottles of strains from other provinces) has become the most influential in the whole city and even the whole province? Gastrodia associated bacteria? Production base, so that the associated bacteria of Gastrodia elata can realize industrial production and ensure the demand of the development of Gastrodia elata industry in the county and the whole city; Accelerate the construction of gastrodia elata breeding base. Dafang Tianma brand? To provide quality assurance. It is planned to build a provenance base of 3,000 mu, including a wild germplasm resource park, a wild provenance tending base, an improved seed breeding base and a high-yield cultivation demonstration base. Collect local wild gastrodia elata provenances for resource protection, and then carry out artificial large-scale tending to meet the seed demand of gastrodia elata industry development.
The fourth is to establish gastrodia elata? Two kinds of bacteria. One? Germplasm reserve. Strictly formulate protection plans and effectively increase the protection of wild gastrodia elata, wild Armillaria mellea, wild germination bacteria and gastrodia elata industrial ecosystem. Increase investment, consolidate grass-roots foundation, strengthen protection function, and severely crack down on all kinds of behaviors that destroy wild gastrodia elata germplasm resources, so as to realize the sustainable utilization of wild gastrodia elata germplasm resources.
Fifth, the construction of mushroom forest cultivation base. Adhere to the concept of industrialization of ecological construction and ecologicalization of industrial development, effectively combine gastrodia elata planting with mushroom forest construction, and enhance the support capacity of gastrodia elata mushroom forest. The planting area of fungus forest and gastrodia elata should be linked, and the ratio of fungus forest to gastrodia elata planting area should not be less than 4: 1. Green Bijie? Action and returning farmland to forests and other opportunities, formulate the development plan of mushroom forest and develop mushroom forest in a planned way.
Dafang Gastrodia elata's growing environment Dafang County is located in the northwest of Guizhou Province, with a warm temperate humid monsoon climate, abundant rainfall, warm in winter and cool in summer, with an annual average temperature of 1 1.8℃. The soil is mostly acidic sandy yellow brown soil, and the vegetation is common in evergreen deciduous broad-leaved mixed forest, karst shrub and shrub slope. Is especially suitable for that production of gastrodia elata. Therefore, compared with the common gastrodia elata, the produced gastrodia elata feels more solid and thick, with fewer ring marks, smaller terminal buds, more uniform and bright cross-section and stronger special smell. China gastrodia elata number Guizhou, Guizhou gastrodia elata number generous? Said, named by China Food Industry Association? Hometown of Gastrodia elata in China? Title.
Quality characteristics and physicochemical properties of gastrodia elata.
Gastrodia elata mainly contains gastrodin, gastrodin ether glycoside, p-hydroxybenzyl alcohol, gastrodia elata polysaccharide and various trace elements. Among them, the content of gastrodin is an important index of gastrodia elata quality. According to the regulations of China People's Congress and China Pharmacopoeia in 2005, the content of gastrodin in Rhizoma Gastrodiae should be no less than 0.20%.
Dafang Gastrodia elata is characterized by high gastrodin content and rich trace elements. The gastrodin content of commercial gastrodia elata in the market is generally below 0.4%, while the gastrodin content of Dafang gastrodia elata is between 0.42%- 1.90%, which is 2-9.5 times of the pharmacopoeia standard. The average content of gastrodin is 1. 17%, which is more than five times that of Pharmacopoeia. Dafang Gastrodia elata also contains many trace elements such as boron, zinc and selenium, among which the content of selenium is higher than that of Gastrodia elata in other producing areas. The average selenium content of gastrodia elata in Guizhou is 0.4 1? G/g, and the selenium content of gastrodia elata is 0.6? G/g, is it true? Selenium-enriched gastrodia elata? .
According to the test results, the hygienic indicators of Dafang Gastrodia elata showed that the contents of heavy metals were 0.24mg/kg of lead, 0. 1mg/kg of arsenic, 0.0353mg/kg of cadmium, 0.055mg/kg of total mercury and 2.65mg/kg of copper, which were all lower than the national standards (the national standards were lead? 5.0.arsenic? 2.0. cadmium? 0.3. Total mercury? 0.2, copper? 20.0, same as above). Pesticide residue: BHC is 0.008mg/kg, DDT is 0.009 mg/kg, which is far below the national standard (national standard: BHC? 0. 1，DDT？ 0. 1, same as above).
Sensory characteristics
Fresh: Dafang Gastrodia elata is plump, fleshy, oblong or oval, about 8- 15 cm long and 3- 10 cm wide. The tuber surface is yellowish white or yellowish brown, with prominent terminal buds at the top, black or reddish brown. Ying Ge Portsmouth? ; It's customary to have a round scar at the end. Navel? ; All nodes have evenly arranged annular lines, which are composed of point marks and membranous scales. The cross section oozes milky white paste with specific gas, commonly known as? Smells like horse urine? It tastes a little sweet.