Planting techniques mainly pay attention to climatic conditions and soil conditions.
Planting techniques should pay attention to soil preparation and fertilization, transplanting and planting, pruning, weeding and fertilization to protect fruits.
Planting techniques:
Climatic conditions: Carya cathayensis has a warm and humid climate, with an annual average temperature of 15.2℃ and a maximum temperature of 4 1.7℃. It is relatively cold-resistant, and will not be frozen at-15℃, but low temperature at flowering stage will affect flowering, pollination and flower development. Different phenological periods in a year require different water contents. Before flowering, a proper amount of rain is needed in the growth period of spring shoots, and continuous rain is forbidden during flowering, and sufficient and even rain is needed in the development period of fruits and naked buds. Pigeon fruit does not require high light, so it needs a cool environment when it is young. Therefore, it must be artificially shaded when raising. Adult trees do not grow well on sunny and dry sunny slopes.
Soil conditions: black soil, yellow soil developed on limestone and yellow soil developed on sandstone, slate and shale are most suitable for planting pecans, while red soil and sandy soil are not suitable for planting pecans.
Breeding method: Pigeons can be sown in spring and autumn, but autumn sowing is not as safe as spring sowing. In general, autumn sowing can be completed before the soil freezes in autumn, and spring sowing should be early, and sowing can be carried out in mid-March, but seeds must be stored in sand. Generally speaking, the rootstock used for grafting big root fruit is walnut. Scions were collected from excellent plants, and plump buds with a length of 30-40 cm and a thickness of 1- 1.5 cm were selected as grafting buds. The cutting propagation of pistachios usually adopts 1 year-old robust branches, and the cutting length is 17 ~ 20 cm. Using common cutting methods, the survival rate is usually above 90%. Roots were collected by cutting hickory fruit and seedlings from nursery, and then transplanted to the ground in spring. The diameter of the seed root is 65438 0 cm, and the length of the seed root is 65438 0 cm. It is advisable to plant in bed, and the upper cut of roots must be buried 0.5 ~ 1cm below the bed surface. During the dormancy period, the thick branches of the mother plant roots are pressed into the soil, which can take root after a period of time, and then the branches are separated from the mother plant and transplanted for culture.
Planting method: Carya cathayensis fruit should be planted in a plot with deep soil layer, loose soil, sufficient water source and sunny and leeward. After digging the pit, first lay a layer of straw on the bottom of the pit, add 50 kilograms of organic fertilizer, 20 grams of nail powder and 500 grams of calcium superphosphate, and mix well with the soil. The transplanting of Carya cathayensis should be carried out after defoliation or before germination, with large seedlings with mud balls. For 1 ~ 2-year-old young trees, more lateral roots and fibrous roots should be left, dipped in mud in time, and measures such as covering soil and piling up soil should be taken during the young tree period, especially before planting in the winter of that year. Pruning of big nuts in the early stage should be light, and more main branches should be left to make them bear fruit early. When pruning, the inner cavity of the crown should be ventilated and transparent, and the upper branches of the early crown should be kept as much as possible, and the lower part of the crown can be gradually sparse. Crops such as soybean, corn and atractylodes macrocephala can be intercropped within 1 ~ 3 years after the garden is established. In the process of intercropping, the garden should be cultivated and weeded, and at the same time, organic fertilizers such as burning mud ash, cake fertilizer and manure should be applied appropriately. Before germination in spring, about 30 kilograms of urea should be applied per mu, 80 kilograms of special fertilizer for fruit trees should be applied during fruit expansion, and 3000 kilograms of base fertilizer should be applied in autumn. After entering the fruiting period, add fertilizer according to the results.