Basella rubra is a 1-year-old twining herb, all fleshy, smooth and glabrous, with a stem 3-4m long and much branched. Leaves alternate, ovate or subcordate, entire, 3-12cm long. spikes axillary, summer flowering, flowers small, light purple-red or white, calyx corolla-shaped. Fruit ovate to globose, purple-black when ripe. Flowering in July to September, fruiting in September to October.

Native to tropical Asia. Some provinces and regions of China as a vegetable cultivation.

Prefer warm, humid climate and slightly acidic loam, more tolerant of barren, not cold, afraid of water.

Sowing propagation. South China can be cultivated as a 2-year-old, the rest of the region is mostly cultivated as a 1-year-old.

Drop sunflower and drop sunflower potato belong to the same family of plants, 1 year-old stems, leaf morphology is quite similar, but there is no tuberous roots, stems do not produce bead buds. Can be used as fence climbing material or potted for balcony, windowsill parts of green decoration. The young leaves are used as vegetables and medicine.

Buttercups RANUNCULACEAE

64.Melon leaf aconite Aconitum hemsleyanum

Aconitum is a perennial herb with conical roots. Stem twining, purplish. Leaves sparsely, leaf blade 5-angled or ovate-5-angled above the middle, 6-12 cm long; racemes terminal, usually 2-6 flowers, may be as many as 12, pedicels often arcuate recurved; sepals dark blue, upper sepals high helmet-shaped, 2-2.4 cm high; carpels 5.

Produced in Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Anhui, Henan, Shaanxi, Hunan, Hubei, and Sichuan, born at an altitude of 1700-2200 m in forests or thickets. It grows in the understory or thicket at 1700-2200m above sea level.

Seed propagation.

Prefer cool and moist, not heat-resistant.

The flower shape is peculiar. Dark blue, a beautiful flower of the mountains, suitable for use in low hedges or to make a tangle of applications on a single upright pillar.

The genus **** about 350 species, about 167 species in our country, most of them are distributed in the mountains of Yunnan, Sichuan and Tibet, followed by the northeastern provinces. Most species of tuberous roots are highly toxic, many for medicinal purposes. A. carmichaeli (Figure 93) is commonly cultivated in various places, but the stem is erect, up to 2 m high, and is the most widely distributed, with a history of nearly 1,000 years of cultivation, for medicinal use, but also for ornamental use. Other widely distributed species with twining stems include the two-colored aconite A. alboviolaceum (Figure 94), with a stem length of 1 to 2.5 m. The flowers are lavender or nearly white, and the upper calyx is cylindrical and 1.3 to 2 cm in length; it is produced in Northeast China and Hebei Province. Songpan aconite A. sungpanense (Figure 95), stems up to 2.5m, flowers purple-blue, sometimes yellowish green, upper sepal high helmet-shaped, 1.8-2.2cm high; produced in Sichuan, Shanxi, and NW provinces. Cannabis leaf aconite A. cannabifolium, leaves 3-parted; flowers light green with purple; produced in Chongqing, Hubei, Shaanxi. Sichuan E. aconite A. henryi (Fig. 96), resembling Cannabis leaf aconite, with blue flowers; from Chongqing, Hubei. Broad-leaved trailing aconite A. sczukinii and trailing aconite A. volubile, both resembling Sichuan E. aconite; produced in 3 northeastern provinces.

Aristolochiaceae

65. Aristolochia debilis

Aristolochia is a perennial rooted herb up to 3m high, glabrous throughout the whole plant; the roots are long, extending under the soil and sprouting new plants. Leaves alternate, triangular-ovate to ovate-lanceolate or ovate, 3-8cm long, base cordate, with rounded auricles on both sides. Single flowers axillary, perianth in the shape of a trumpet with one side off, outside yellowish, inside with purple spots and stripes. Capsule subglobose or ellipsoid, 2.5-4cm long, pendulous, grayish brown when ripe. Flowering period June to August, fruiting period July to October.

Distribution south of the Yellow River to Guangxi. Born at low altitude. Often cultivated in pharmacies.

Light-loving, slightly shade-tolerant, cold-tolerant, prefer sandy yellow soil. Strong adaptability, often in the countryside roadside, forest edge, scrub, rubble in the scattered. If it is too wet, it will not grow well.

Sowing or dividing plants to reproduce, easy to survive.

Flowers, fruits and leaves are ornamental, can be used as garden hedges, walls, rockery climbing materials, can also be planted in pieces, let it spread, as a ground cover plant. Potted plants set up shelves for climbing or hanging cultivation can be placed indoors or hanging decorative, enjoy the strange shape of its leaves, flowers, fruits. Roots, branches, leaves and flowers are used medicinally.

Herbaceous vine species of the genus Aristolochia, and Aristolochia have similar habits, are perennial, withered above ground in the winter, and regenerated the following year. Reproduction, cultivation and use are similar. Common: North Aristolochia A.contorta (Figure 98), glabrous throughout the plant, leaves triangular-cordate to ovate-cordate, 3-13cm long; flowers 3-10 clusters in the leaf axils, perianth tubes straight, 2-3cm long, inflated near the base as a globe, perianth segments dark purple, the apex of the linear pointed end of 1cm long; produced in the north of the Yellow River. Tongcheng Tiger A.fordiana, leaves similar to Northern Aristolochia, but with dense hairs on the leaf spine veins; perianth segments with thread-like pointed tails; fruit smaller, 1.2-2.5cm in diameter; produced in southeastern provinces. Aristolochia heterophylla A. heterophylla (Fig. 99), leaves polycordate, or 3-lobed; flowers solitary in leaf axils, with 1 leafy-orbicular bract below middle of pedicel; perianth tube yellow, 4 cm long, middle part constricted and sharply U-shaped, apex 3-lobed, lobes purplish; produced in Hubei, Sichuan, Shaanxi, Gansu. Aristolochia tubiflora A. tubiflora (Figure 100), leaves thin, densely covered with small oil dots; perianth tube inflated near tip into a globe, apical segments oblong; from the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River.

Leguminosae LEGUMINOSAE

66.Lentil (tea beans, fence beans) Dolichoslablab

Lentil genus 1 annual herb, stems up to 6m long, twisted to the left. Tricotyledonous leaves alternate, leaflets broadly ovate, entire; petiole long, with 1 pair of tiny stipules. Inflorescences axillary, butterfly-shaped flowers clustered into racemes, usually 2-5 per node; flowers bisexual, white or lavender. Pods flattened, falcate, apex hooked and curved. Seeds compressed oblong, white or purple-black. Flowering from July to October, fruit ripening from August to November.

It is cultivated as a vegetable in all parts of China, and is mainly produced in North China, Central China, East China, Southwest China and other places.

Sex like warmth, fear of cold, fear of frost. Strong adaptability, barren, in rich humus, well-drained loamy soil growth.

Seed reproduction. sowing after mid-April, the long frost period of the appropriate late sowing. Direct seeding or seedling transplanting, seedling 3 ~ 4 true leaves when transplanting and planting. Ensure the supply of fertilizer and water during the growing period, and apply more phosphorus and potassium fertilizer in moderation in the later period. The flowering period should not be too much watering, otherwise the flowers and fruits are easy to fall.

Lentils grow vigorously, trailing long dense leaves, colorful flowers, pods full of strings, is a common vegetable around, both ornamental and edible, is the front of the house, balcony, roof, a good scaffolding green plants, the famous Qing Dynasty literati had chanted praise that: "a court of spring rain ladybird tea vegetables, full of lentil flowers, autumn wind". Flowers, fruit pods, seeds for food and medicine.

67. safflower beans (multi-flower beans, lotus beans, dragon claw beans) Phaseolus coccineus

beans perennial herbs, stems up to 7 m. Pinnate ternate leaves alternate, the terminal leaflet rhombic-ovate, the lateral leaflets obliquely ovate, 5 ~ 9 cm. butterfly-shaped flowers, bright red, most densely into axillary racemes. Pods are oblong, slightly curved; seeds are reniform, black-red, with a red pattern. Flowering from July to October, fruit ripening from August to November.

Native to the Americas. In addition to a few cold areas in our country are planted. There are still white-flowered varieties.

Light-loving, warm and humid, also cold. In the soil layer of fertile, moist loamy soil grows well.

Seed reproduction. Seeds are collected in late fall and sown in April to May of the following year. Seedlings out of the ground in addition to general fertilization, watering, do not need special management. Cultivated in many places in the south, often only flowering not fruit.

Rapid growth, large leaves and shade, blooming and colorful, seeds for vegetables. It is a good hedge wall, fence greening material in front of and behind the house, balcony, roof and courtyard.

Plants similar to the safflower beans are beans (beans) P.vulgaris, a twining annual herb, the corolla of the first white or yellowish and then turned lavender; pods bar-shaped, slightly swollen, with many seeds. P. lunatus, white or yellowish flowers, pods long oval, flat, 5-9cm long, about 2cm wide, 2-4 seeds. The two are native to tropical America, China and the world's temperate and subtropical regions are widely cultivated for vegetables, greening can also be used as hedge, balcony greening plants, both ornamental and vegetable harvest.

68. Cowpea (rice bean, bean horn) Vigna sinensis

Cowpea is a 1-year-old herb. The leaves are ternately compound, leaflets 5-13cm long; stipules ovate, about 1cm long; racemes axillary; butterfly-shaped flowers, corolla lilac, about 2cm long; pods long, pendulous, up to 40cm.

Cultivated all over the country, the pods are one of the main vegetables in summer.

Prefer sunny, warm and humid environment, grow well in fertile loose loamy soil.

Seed reproduction. Sowing and cultivation points refer to lentils.

Similar to lentils and red kidney beans, it is a good vegetable shade plant for balcony, roof and courtyard greening.

Long cowpea V. sesquipedalis, shaped like cowpea, only the top of the leaflet base on both sides of the asymmetric; pods 30 ~ 90cm; widely cultivated as vegetables.

69. Pueraria lobata

Pueraria lobata is a large perennial twining herb, with a stem length of up to 10m or more, developed and tough fibers, thick underground roots, and yellow bristles on the whole plant. Tricotyledonous leaves, terminal leaflet rhombic-ovate, 6-9cm long, lateral leaflets oblique asymmetric, sometimes with 2-3 lobed. Flowers butterfly-shaped, purple-red, clustered into racemes. Pods are oblong, flattened, densely brownish hirsute. Flowering July to September, fruit ripening August to October.

In addition to Xinjiang, Tibet are wildly distributed. Mostly found on mountain slopes, roadsides, sparse forests. Born at an altitude of 600-1100m.

Light-loving, sunny slopes, shady slopes can grow. It likes warmth and humidity, cold, drought, barren, adaptable, and grows most in deep sandy loam.

Sowing, cuttings, pressure propagation. Seed reproduction is usually sown in early spring, cuttings should be selected 1 year old strong branches as plugs, pressure propagation in the rainy season. The management is rough.

Widely distributed, highly adaptable, rapid growth, dense branches and leaves, beautiful flowers. Suitable for garden trellis, yard wall, hedge climbing, is also a good soil and water conservation plant on the slope. Often entangled in the tree, due to strangulation and obstruction of sunlight can lead to the death of young trees, and even large trees.

Similar plants in the same genus are edible kudzu P. edulis (Figure 102), which is found in Guangxi, Yunnan, Sichuan, etc.; sweet kudzu P. thomsonii, which is produced in Southwest China and South China; trilobal kudzu P. phaseoloides (Figure 104), which is produced in Zhejiang, Taiwan, Hunan, Yunnan, Guangdong, and Guangxi; Yunnan kudzu P. peduncularis (Figure 105), which is produced in Yunnan, Taiwan, Hunan, Guangdong, and Guangxi; and Yunnan kudzu P. peduncularis (Figure 106), which is produced in Yunnan, Taiwan, Hunan, Guangdong, and South China. peduncularis (Fig. 105); all of them can be selected as climbing plants for greening and soil conservation in southern regions.

70.Deer patchouli (rat's eye, phlegm cut beans) Rhynchosia volubilis

Deer patchouli perennial twining herb, stem length of about 3 m. Three compound leaves, terminal leaflets ovate-rhombic, 2.5-6 cm. butterfly-shaped flowers yellow, about 8 mm, set into racemes. Pods purplish red; 2 seeds, red, persistent on dehiscent pods.

Distribution: Provinces and districts south of the Yangtze River basin. Commonly found on low mountain slopes, thickets and forest edges, at altitudes of 400-1200m.

Light-loving semi-shade, like warm and humid, adaptable, grow well in fertile loose loamy soil.

Seed reproduction. Generally sown in the spring, seed reproduction is easy to survive. No special management is needed.

Spreading slender, compound leaves, flowers, fruits, seeds have a certain degree of ornamental, seeds can be eaten. Can be used for courtyard hedge, fence climbing green.

Similar plants in the same genus, purple-veined deer patchouli R. himalensis, flower length 14mm, yellow petals with purple veins, pods yellow-green; use and deer patchouli similar; produced in Hubei, Sichuan, Yunnan and other places.

71. Clitoria ternatea

Clitoria ternatea

Clitoria ternatea is a 1-year-old twining herb with slender hairy stems. Pinnately compound leaves alternate, leaflets 3 to 9, membranous, ovate to oblong, 2 to 5 cm long, apex obtuse, retuse. Butterfly flowers solitary leaf axils, nearly sessile, corolla about 4.5cm long, blue, pink or white, wing petals, keel petals much smaller than the flag petals. The pods are flattened, with a long beak, and contain 6 to 10 seeds. Flowering period July to October.

Native to the tropics. China's northern and southern gardens are cultivated, Guangdong is more common, north of the Yangtze River greenhouse cultivation. Sometimes used as green manure.

Prefer good light, warm, moist environment, semi-shade, fear of frost. Good growth in well-drained, loose, fertile soil.

Seed reproduction. It is desirable to harvest early mature pods, sowing seeds in mid-April of the following year, 3 to 4 true leaves when moving the world situation planting.

The flowers are large and dense, with a long flowering period, distinctive flower color, cool tone and leaf color matching, color harmony and elegance. It is a good material for summer flower viewing and landscaping, and is suitable for climbing and greening of hedges, trellises, balconies and other places. Roots and seeds are poisonous.

Similar plants in the same genus C. mariana, leaflets 3, corolla blue, about 4cm long. It is distributed in Yunnan and is similar to butterfly bean in ornamental properties.

72. Mucuna cochinchinensis

Mucuna cochinchinensis

Mucuna cochinchinensis is a 1-year-old herbaceous, left-twisting vine, up to 4m long, with longitudinal branches. The leaves are ternate, papery, hairy on both surfaces, leaflets 8-15 cm long; racemes axillary, 12-20 cm long, several flowers clustered at the nodes of the inflorescence axis; corolla dark purple or white, keel petals the longest, about 4 cm. the pods are strip-shaped, plump and fleshy, slightly curved, hairy, 8-10 cm long, with 6-8 seeds, gray-white seeds. Flowering in July to September, fruiting in August to October.

Widely cultivated in the tropics and subtropics. It is widely cultivated in tropical and subtropical regions. It is cultivated as a vegetable in various parts of China, and is more common in Guangdong.

Prefer warm and moist, fertile soil, sunny place.

Seed propagation, the same method as the general bean vegetables.

The dog claw bean cultivation is easy, long branches and leaves, flowers, colorful, fruit both for vegetables and food can also be ornamental, the garden should be used for hedge or roof greening and planted in front of the house, doubling the interest of the garden, can not be obtained. All over the world for vegetable cultivation, to its young pods and seeds for vegetables. But the pods and seeds are poisonous, must be boiled for 15-30 minutes before eating, and then rinsed and soaked in water for 1 day and night, otherwise it will cause vomiting and dizziness. Therefore, more cooked and soaked for sale.

Similar to the dog's paw bean, there is the prickly-haired M. pruricus, a 1-year-old semi-woody vine; the upper part of the leaf is glabrous, the flower is larger, purple, keel petal length 2.8-4.2cm; pods are about 2mm long prickly hairs, produced in Guizhou, Yunnan, Guangxi, and Hainan, warm places at an altitude of 500m or so in the hillside thickets; it can be introduced into the cultivation of ornamental use.

73. Canavalia gladiata

Canavalia gladiata

Canavalia gladiata is a 1-year-old herbaceous twining vine, with branches up to 3m long, smooth and glabrous. The leaves are ternate, the leaflets are 8-20cm long, the racemes are axillary, the corolla is lilac or reddish, 3-4cm long, the pods are large, banded, 20-35cm long, 4-6cm wide, and are shaped like knives when they are young, hence the name. Several seeds, oval, reddish-brown, about 3.5cm long, the umbilicus is about 3/4 of the seed.Flowering in July to September, fruiting in August to October.

Native to tropical America, now cultivated throughout the tropics, widely cultivated south of the Yangtze River Basin in China.

Prefer hot and humid climate.

Seed reproduction. Warm ground live, can also protect the seedling transfer.

Generally cultivated as a vegetable, young pods and seeds are for food, but the yield is low, less cultivated. The flowers are large and bright, and the fruit is like a knife and drooping, both of which have ornamental value, and are used for fences and placed in front of the house. Roots, fruits and seeds are used as medicine.

Knife bean genus I domestic and introduced cultivators **** there are seven species. C. obtusifolia, vine up to 4m; leaves 5-9cm; flowers pink, about 2.5cm; fruit striped orbicular, slightly flattened, about 10cm wide, about 2.5cm, more than 2.5 times as long as wide, with a small number of seeds; seeds ellipsoid, 1.3-1.5cm, brown; produced in China, Guangdong, Hainan, Guangxi ～ m in the hillside scrub. C. microcarpa, fruit shaped like a knife, pods 3 ~ 4cm wide about twice as long as wide; produced in Taiwan, Hainan and southern Guizhou, born at an altitude of 400 ~ 500m at the riverside, roadside, often entangled in the thicket or climbing on the rocks. Both of the above can be used for fences, rock greening.

74. bean potato (groundnut, cool potato) Pachyrhizus erosus

bean potato perennial twining herbs, now more than one year of cultivation, the root fat, diameter up to 15cm, white, rich in starch and sugar, for food, stems up to 5m. tricuspidate compound leaves, leaflets rhombic, up to more than 10cm or wider, the middle of the above is often irregularly lobed. Racemes axillary, erect, 15-30cm long, numerous flowers, violet or white, about 1.5-2.2cm long. pods striped, flattened, slightly swollen when ripe, 7-15cm long, stiffly hairy, constricted between seeds. Seeds nearly square, yellow-brown, length and width of about 0.6 ~ 1cm, highly toxic. Flowers and fruits from July to November.

Native to tropical Mexico and Central America, now widely cultivated. Widely cultivated throughout the southern part of China, with the tuberous roots for raw food, vegetable food or starch extraction.

Seed reproduction.

Jicama grows luxuriantly and can be used as ground cover and hillside greening.

75. long-stalked wild lentil dunbaria podocarpa

Wild lentil is a perennial twining herb, the stem is thin, up to 3 m. Three pinnately compound leaves, the top leaflet rhombic, length and width of about 2.5-4 cm, the back of the leaf is densely covered with red glandular dots. Racemes axillary, often with 1 to 2 flowers, occasionally 3 to 4; corolla bright yellow, about 1.5cm long, ovary with about 10 ovules. The pods are strip-shaped, flattened, 5-8cm long and about 1cm wide, and the seeds are suborbicular, flattened, black, and about 4mm in diameter, and the flowering and fruiting period is from July to November.

Produced in Sichuan, Guizhou, Yunnan, Guangdong, Guangxi, Fujian, Jiangxi and other places. It grows in sunny grassy slopes and thickets at low elevations.

Prefer warm, moist, light.

Seed reproduction.

Long wild lentil branches and leaves, flowers and fruits coexist, yellow flowers and green pods for a long ornamental period, can be rough cultivation. Suitable for hedges, ground cover, between rocks or tree greening, but also potted plants modeling, but also a good green manure crops, the whole plant for medicinal purposes.

Similar to the long-stalked wild lentil traits, habits and uses are: hairy wild lentil D. villosa, racemes with flowers 2 to 7, flowers yellow; pods are hairy; produced in East China, Central China, Southwest and South China. Wild lentil D. rorundifolia, flowers 1 to 2 axillary, red. Produced in Jiangsu, southwest and Guangdong, Guangxi.

Gentianaceae GENTIANACEAE

76. double butterfly (lung-shaped grass) Tripterospermum chinensis (T.arrine)

double butterfly perennial evergreen twining herbs, stems green or purple-brown, internodes 7 ~ 17cm. leaves leathery, basal leaves are usually 2 pairs, close to the ground, densely double butterfly-shaped. Leaves leathery, basal leaves usually 2 pairs, close to the ground, densely double butterfly-shaped, so the name; stem leaves usually ovate-lanceolate, 5-12cm long, entire, three out of the veins. Flowers axillary, 2-4 in cymes, rarely single; calyx tubular, 5 veins raised into wings, calyx lobes 6-9mm long, nearly as long as the calyx tube, corolla blue, narrowly campanulate, 3.5-4cm long; stamens irregular, filaments threadlike. Capsule 2-2.5cm long; seeds suborbicular, discoidal winged. Fruiting period is from October to December.

Produced in East China and Guangxi, growing on mountain slopes in undergrowth, forest margins or grassy thickets, at altitudes of 300-1100 m.

Seed propagation.

Double butterfly stems are weak, suitable for low hedges or potted plants.

The double butterfly genus **** about 17 species, China has 15 species, with similar morphology and utilization value, widely distributed species are: Hubei double butterfly T. discoideum, produced in Chongqing, Hubei, Shaanxi; hairy calyx double butterfly T. hirticalyx, produced in Chongqing, Hubei, Guizhou and Yunnan; fine-stemmed double butterfly T. filicaule, produced in East, Central, Southwest, Northwest, and South China; the double butterfly T. filicaule, produced in East, Central, Southwest, Northwest, and South China. T. filicaule, from East, Central, Southwest, Northwest, and South China; T. cordatun, from Southwest, Central China, and Shaanxi. In China, only in Taiwan, there are: small-leaved double butterfly T. microphyllum; Japanese double butterfly T. japonicum; Yushan double butterfly T. lanceolatum; alpine lung-shaped grass T. cordifolium; Taiwan lung-shaped grass T. Taiwanense and other species.

And double butterfly genus similar to the trailing gentian genus Crawfurdia various plants, is also a perennial twining herbs, habit, leaves, flower morphology are like double butterfly genus, but the calyx has 10 veins, stamens symmetrical, filaments, such as long and different, the trailing gentian genus is mainly distributed in our country's East China, Southwest China and South China, mostly produced in alpine areas, such as the trailing gentian in Fujian C. pricei; large-flowered trailing gentian C. angustata; trailing gentian in Taiwan T. taiwanense and several other species. angustata; and Yunnan Gentian c. campanulacea (Figure 111).

ASCLEPLADACEAE

77. cynanchum auticulatum

Cynanchum auticulatum

Cynanchum (genus Biancus, cynanchum) is a semi-woody twining vine, perennial, with stems up to 3m long, semi-woody at the base. Leaves opposite, thin papery, cordate, subequal in length and width, 4-15cm long; basal axillary, with up to 30 flowers; corolla rotate, white, about 1cm in diameter; pods bipartite, terete, about 8cm long; seeds with white silky hairs at the tip. Seeds with white sericeous hairs at the tip. Flowering period from June to September, fruiting period from July to November.

Produced all over the country, born in the forest edge, scrub and ditch side. Distributed in the seashore from low altitude to 3500m. Cultivated.

It is hardy, shade-tolerant and suitable for fertile and deep soil.

Propagation by sowing.

The branches are dense and leafy, suitable for hedges. The roots are used medicinally.

C. chinensis, cymes dichotomous, fruit only 1 developed, flowering from June to August, fruit from August to October; widely distributed, produced in Liaoning, Shandong, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Hebei, Shanxi and northwest. C. wilfordii, stem herbaceous, stem and leaves hairy; corymbose cymes; flowering May to September, fruiting July to November, produced in Liaoning, Shandong, Jiangsu, Anhui, Xinjiang, Henan, Shanxi, Shaanxi, Gansu, Hunan, Hubei, Sichuan, and Chongqing, growing on slopes, thickets, and roadsides at elevations of 500 to 1300m. C. corymbosum, corymbose umbels usually extra-axillary; fruit large, fusiform-humored, middle expanded, outside densely covered with curved thorns; flowering May-October, fruiting August-January; produced in Chongqing, Sichuan, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, and Yunnan, growing at elevations of 100-2100m, streamsides, thickets, and under sparse forests. C. offinconale, stem often woody; leaves ovate-oblong; fruit often solitary; produced in Shaanxi, Gansu and vast areas south.

78. Metaplexis hemsleyana

Metaplexis hemsleyana

Metaplexis hemsleyana belongs to the perennial herbaceous vines, up to 5 m. Leaves ovate-ovate cordate, 5-11 cm, glabrous, with clustered glands at the tip of the petiole, easily recognized. Inflorescences axillary, with long pedicels; flowers white. Fruit 2-forked. Seeds apically white sericeous. Fl. spring-summer.

Produced in Hebei, Shaanxi, Sichuan, Chongqing, Guizhou, Yunnan, Hubei, Jiangxi, and Guangxi. Born in low-altitude valleys, roadsides and shady thickets.

Prefer warm and humid, shade-tolerant.

Seed reproduction.

Can be used in front of the house hedge, forest edge.

The common species of this genus are Metaplexis M. japonica

Syzygium family RUBIACEAE

79.Chickweed vine Paederia scandens

Chickweed vine is a perennial perennial to the right twisting herb, the base half-wooden, up to 3-5m long, multi-branched. Leaves opposite, ovate, ovate-oblong to lanceolate, 5-15cm long, fresh leaves crushed with odor, so the name. Cymes form large panicles on the main axis; the corolla tube is about 1 to 1.2cm long, campanulate, white outside, purplish-red inside, velvety. Fruit spherical, dry after ripening, light yellow-brown, shiny, about 6mm in diameter, not falling even after the vine is withered. Flowering June to September, fruit ripening November to December.

Produced in the south of the Yangtze River Basin, mostly born in low mountain grassy slopes or thickets.

Prefer warmth, shade.

Sowing propagation.

Chicken yat vine leafy and flowery, suitable for hedges, green columns or potted ornamental, small and exquisite flowers, sparse and dense, can not be obtained, the whole grass into medicine, for China's folk medicine.

Variety of hairy chickweed var. tomentosa, stems and leaves on both sides covered with short downy hairs, the same distribution area and use. Soft hairy chicken vine P. villisa, all hard hairy, leaf ovate, base cordate, corolla red inside; produced in some areas south of Yangtze River Basin; also a kind of lianas with flower-viewing value. Yunnan chickweed vine P. yunnanensis (Figure 116), stems pubescent; leaves ovate to broadly ovate, 6-12cm long; inflorescences broad, many-flowered; flowers purple and dense; produced in Guizhou, Yunnan and Guangxi.

Convolvulaceae CONVOLVULACEAE

80.Moonflower (Luminous Flower, Chang'e Run to the Moon, Xiyan, Tianjia'er) Calonycton aculeatrm

Moonflower belongs to the genus of 1-year-old herbs, the stem is 5-8m long, with milky juice. Leaves alternate, ovate-cordate, 10-20cm long, long-stalked. Cymes axillary, with 1 to 7 flowers; corolla white, high-footed butterfly-shaped, diameter of about 10cm, fragrant, open in the evening, closed the next morning. Capsule ovoid, seeds large. Flowering period July to October.

Native to South America. China's various parts of the introduction of cultivation.

Prefer warm and humid climate and sunny environment, cold intolerance, cold frost is dead. The soil requirements are not strict. Transplantation is not tolerated.

Seed reproduction. The seeds are dried and stored in late fall, and then sown in March to April of the following year. It is easy to produce adventitious roots on the trailing nodes, so it can also be propagated by cuttings and presses.

The branches and vines are beautiful, and the flowers are large and fragrant, so it is suitable for viewing when it is cool in summer. Used in gardens, courtyard hedges, trellises or ground cover arrangements, or for roof greening, flowers open at night, bright flowers under the moonlight, but also with the aroma, interesting, is one of the few night-flowering climbing plants. The whole plant and seeds can be used medicinally.

81. Petunia (Petunia grandiflora, petunia split-leaf, Japanese petunia, Chao Yan, trumpet flower) Pharbitis nil

Petunia is a 1-year-old herb, the whole plant is hairy, the stem can reach up to 10m long, to the left of the twining. Leaves alternate, broadly ovate-cordate, 10-15cm long, often 3-lobed, with the middle lobe growing. Flowers large, diameter up to 10cm or more, corolla trumpet-shaped, the edge is often ruffled or wavy, bloom early in the morning, withered and closed at noon, there are heavy varieties, the flower color has a purple, blue, red, white, crimson, and set with white varieties. Capsule ripens in January after flowering; seeds black. Flowering period from May to October.

Native to tropical America, now there are ornamental cultivation throughout China.

Sex like warm, sunny environment, heat-resistant, also tolerate semi-shade, cold intolerance, afraid of frost, into the autumn is withered, the soil requirements are not strict, more drought-resistant, saline and soil infertility, but in the moist fertile loamy soil in the growth of good.

Seed reproduction. Harvesting seeds to the middle of the plant is good. Direct seeding or pot seeding in the spring. Potted transplants in 3 to 4 true leaves. 6 leaves when centering, can promote branching, so that the vine and branches and leaves flourish, more flowers, repeated centering can maintain the dwarf bush-like plant shape. If you have enough fertilizer and water during the growing period, you will have big flowers and beautiful colors.

Beautiful branches and vines, large flowers, flowers, color and colorful and adaptable, easy to cultivate, is a common ornamental plant in urban and rural gardens, suitable for balconies, windowsills, trellises, fences, greening, but also potted for the clumped plants or planted as a ground cover. Seeds for medicinal purposes.

The following two species of petunias are still commonly cultivated in gardens: cleft-leaf petunia P.hederacea, leaves 3-lobed, deep to the middle; flowers 1V3 axillary, flower color cordial blue, rose or white, corolla diameter 5-7cm. round-leaf petunia P.purpurea, leaves broad heart-shaped, entire, flowers 1-5 axillary, diameter 5-7cm. habit, reproduction, ornamental use and petunias Consistent with the petunia, but the flowers are smaller, less ornamental than the petunia, less used.

82. grossularia (lpomoea, lpomoea, lpomoea, lpomoea, lpomoea) Quamoclit pennata (lpomoea quamoclit)

Grossularia is a 1-year-old herb, the stem is slender and long up to 4 ~ 8m, to the left twisted, the whole plant is glabrous. Leaves alternate, pinnately lobed, shaped like a feather, so also known as feather leaf grossularia. Cymes axillary, with 1 to several flowers; corolla salver-shaped, outer edge 5-lobed star-shaped, corolla diameter of about 2cm, bright red, with white, pink, orange cultivars. Capsule ovoid, angular; seeds black. Flowering July to October, fruit ripening August to November.

Native to the Americas (tropical). It is commonly cultivated as an ornamental in various parts of China.

Prefer warmth and sunlight, semi-shade and drought tolerance, cold intolerance, fear of frost and cold, do not choose the soil, in the loose fertile ground growth luxuriant, large seedlings are not resistant to transplantation.

Seed reproduction. Propagation and cultivation methods are basically the same as petunias. Cultivation is easy.

Flowers and leaves and lush, delicate and beautiful, bright green pinnate leaves lined with brightly colored flowers, ornamental effect is excellent, the most suitable for the courtyard as green decorative materials. Can be used for small flower racks, flower windows, flower doors, flower hedges, flower walls and fences configuration, if there is a light-colored wall against the wall, the effect is particularly good. Can also be used as indoor decoration and hanging decorative potted plants. No bracket, with its climb over the ground for ground cover flowers ornamental effect is also very good.

Similar plants in the same genus in China for ornamental cultivation of a variety of differences in leaf shape. Common are: round leaf grossularia Q.coccinea, leaf ovoid to round, flower orange red or bright red. Maple leaf grossularia Q.soloteri, a hybrid, leaves palmately divided, lobes 5 to 7, flowers red to deep red. The various habits, reproduction, and application of the above are similar to those of grossularia, with more dense branching.

83.Five claws golden dragon Ipomoea caririca

Cassava perennial twining herbs, climbing up to 5m or more, gray-green stems, often with small verrucous protuberances, the old stems half lignified. Leaves alternate, finger-like 5-parted several to the base, 5-9cm in diameter, lobes elliptic lanceolate, both surfaces glabrous; petiole 2-4cm long; corolla funnel-shaped, lavender, 5-7cm long; stamens 5; stigma 2-lobed. Capsule, seeds brown. Flowering period June to October.

Native to North America. China's South China, Fujian, Yunnan is often cultivated.

Sex like warm, sunny environment, half-shade tolerance, not cold. Do not choose the soil, in the moist, fertile, loose slightly acidic soil grow well.

Sowing, cuttings, pressure propagation. Sowing propagation in the spring live, cuttings, pressure can be taken in the spring or rainy season 1 ~ 2 years old mature branches.

The five-clawed golden dragon flowers, branches, leaves beautiful, large flowers, bright color, and perennial, is worth promoting the application of climbing green plants in the southern region. Used for trellis, fence, balcony, windowsill, tree climbing and garden ground cover are very good ornamental. Can also be used for wall, green corridor hanging.

Similar species in the same genus I.digitata, leaves finger-like 5-7-lobed, lobes lanceolate; corolla broad campanulate, the base of a short tube and the calyx as long as or a little longer; seeds are yellow-brown long woolly; distribution, reproduction, use and five-clawed golden dragon similar. Ipomoea (vine vegetable, hollow cabbage) I. aquatica, for the southern summer widely cultivated vegetables, stems hollow; corolla funnel-shaped, white, reddish or purple; planted in the water, the stem is not entangled, less bloom, called water Ipomoea; sowing and propagation of planted in the drylands, the name of the early Ipomoea; stems as long as 2 to 3 cm, entangled, July to September, constantly in bloom, not only can take the young tips and leaves for vegetables and food, but also to enjoy the flowers, often planted in the short hedges.

84. Calystegia dahurica f.anestia

Calystegia dahurica is a perennial twining perennial herb with white latex; the stem and leaves are pilose. Leaves ovate-oblong, base hastate. Flowers solitary in leaf axils, long pedicelled; flowers double, light red, irregular shape, lobes tapering inward, without stamens and pistil.

Native to China, Heilongjiang, Hebei, Jiangsu, Anhui, Zhejiang, Sichuan and so on. Some cities, such as Guiyang, for ornamental cultivation.

The original species of C. dahurica flowers monopetalous, funnel-shaped, in addition to the provinces listed above, still wild in Jilin, Liaoning, Shandong, Henan, Shanxi, Shaanxi and Gansu, born at an altitude of 400-3000m roadside, wasteland and mountain slopes.

Peony cuttings or planting propagation.

It can be used for dwarf hedge, roadside or potted plants.

It belongs to 5 species in China***, with similar habit, and the corolla is bell-shaped or funnel-shaped, large and ornamental. Common species are: bowl flower C. hederacea (Color Figure 1), perennial, all glabrous, stems twisted to the left, up to 3m high, basal branches, roots slightly fleshy, white. Upper leaves 3-lobed hastate. Single flowers axillary, bracts 0.8-1.6cm long; corolla campanulate, light red or nearly white, 2-4cm long; widely distributed throughout the country,