A kind of fresh fruit called cherry tomato sells well in the market. It's actually a cherry tomato. Strictly speaking, it is a green vegetable. Cherry tomato has many aliases, also known as mini tomato and mini tomato, and is a member of tomato family. Fruit shapes are spherical, pear-shaped and vinegar-millet-shaped, and fruit colors are red, pink, light yellow and orange. Most of them are bright red, because they look like big cherries from a distance, so they are called cherry tomatoes.
Cherry tomatoes are similar to ordinary tomatoes. In addition to pre-seeding in early February and harvesting in early May, the reserve can also carry out autumn sowing, that is, pre-seeding in June, sowing in July and gradually harvesting in September. Taking autumn sowing production as an example, the street planting and field management techniques of cherry tomatoes were introduced in detail.
The planting time is early July. Before ploughing, apply 2,500-4,000 kg of high-quality organic fertilizer, 50-80 kg of compound fertilizer and 50 kg of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer on 1.5 mu, then make a border with a width of 1.5 m (the width of the border ditch is 40-50 cm) and plant two rows in one border. It is best to cover the frame with plastic film, which can lock water, fix soil and avoid grass. Immediately after ploughing, make water injection ditch and sewage ditch to ensure the furrow height.
When planting, Shengnv, Wanjia and other varieties should be planted thinly, and the plant spacing can be about 60 cm, and the plant spacing of Hunv, Cuihong and other varieties is about 50 cm. When planting, take as many layers of soil as possible at the root of the seedling to facilitate survival. After planting, 65,438+0,000-65,438+0,500 times of thiophanate-methyl solution should be used as rooting water to avoid root rot and improve the survival rate. Irrigation should be done immediately within a few days after planting to ensure the survival of seedlings. After survival, 0.3-0.5% compound fertilizer water should be poured immediately to promote seedling delay, and pesticides should be applied immediately to avoid diseases. After planting, cover the sunshade net according to the weather conditions. Note that municipal solid waste, sludge, solid waste and organic fertilizer without harmless treatment shall not be used for production.
First, the temperature management method:
The key to temperature management in autumn is to pay attention to cooling.
Second, the fertilizer and water management methods:
Cherry tomato is different from ordinary tomato, its advantage is that it is not tolerant to fertilizer. Under the condition of applying base fertilizer, we should strictly control the standard of hanging fertilizer with water and pouring light fertilizer frequently. After fruiting and each fruit picking, fertilization can be combined with more water injection. In rainy days, the stored water should be removed immediately. Because tomatoes are afraid of moisture, the drainage pipes are not immediately, and the roots are very easy to be damaged, which is easy to cause angular leaf spot and root rot. So according to the situation, the observation period should be longer when injecting water (so the drainage ditch must be 40 cm deep).
Third, pruning and weeding:
Choose the pruning method of parallel bars, that is, the first lateral bud between the top bud of the first panicle and the petiole should be pulled out, and the other lateral buds should be pulled out immediately when they are young, so as to prevent the consumption of nutrients and affect the growth and development of plants. If the growth and development are not sufficient, pruning is not necessary (only for emerald green), and other varieties should immediately remove all the lateral buds outside the parallel bars. At the same time, a herringbone bracket with the height of 1.8-2.5 should be set up as soon as possible, and the branches should be tied to the bracket immediately to avoid seedling dropping. The bracket must be fixed to prevent the wind from shaking gently. Weeds grow easily in planted fields, so they should be removed immediately. When plants grow, the soil layer on the border should be loosened as much as possible to prevent the root system from being damaged, resulting in the occurrence of pests and diseases and the stagnation of growth and development. Herbicide should be sprayed immediately or artificially to avoid weeds. If covered with agricultural plastic film, weeds at the border should also be removed immediately.
Fourth, toppings:
Cherry tomatoes bear more fruits per ear, and 20 ~ 30 excellent fruits per ear are selected, and the rest can be removed. Generally, when the first spike of flowers grows, the plants are still weak, so they should be cut off to facilitate the growth and development of plants. If the inflorescence after it is too long and in full bloom, consider cutting off a part as appropriate to save the number of fruits per ear and make the fruit shape higher and stronger (too much means smaller fruit shape). Because of the influence of internal and induced factors, small tomatoes are very easy to blossom and drop fruit. Therefore, we should pay attention to the management methods of fertilizer and water, so as to make the plants grow healthily (avoid applying base fertilizer), and often spray foliar fertilizers such as flowering essence and sweet fruit essence when flowering, so as to promote flower protection and increase the added value of fruit products.
Five, the use of anti-fall:
Green plant conditioners such as water-soluble anti-falling tomato essence can be used to spray flowers after flowers bloom and before fruiting to prevent flowers from falling off and promote fruit flowering. In areas with high incidence of gray mold, procymidone and other drugs can be added to the water solution to prevent disease, and 2,4-D is not allowed. The use concentration value should change with the change of temperature, and it should be used together. Generally, the content is 20× 10-6 at 30℃. The concentration below 20 degrees Celsius is 50× 10-6. Clean up dead branches and weeds, carry out centralized harmless treatment and keep the site clean and tidy.
Usually, the harvest date is determined according to the time interval between deliveries. Fruits can only be harvested when they turn red completely in short-distance transportation, and when they turn red in long-distance transportation, they should be harvested when the local market is fully mature, and sepals and a section of fruit stalks should be retained when harvesting.