How do families grow passion fruit? Water and fertilizer management
Egg fruit likes to be wet, but it is afraid of drought. When it accumulates water, it should be drained in time. When it is dry, it should be irrigated frequently, especially during the fruit-bearing period, which requires a lot of water and should be filled with enough water. Scientifically apply fertilizer. Newly planted egg fruits are mainly nitrogen fertilizer in the early stage, mixed with peanut bran water, and each plant is sprayed with 0.2% urea and 15% peanut bran water or human excrement 15 kg, twice a month, and the amount of fertilizer application increases with the growth of seedlings, and is combined with foliar fertilizer spraying. In order to promote early birth and quick hair growth, we began to drench it twice 7 days after planting, with an interval of 7 days, and each packet was watered with 60 kilograms; After entering the productive period, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer should be applied to promote flower bud differentiation, and 0.5 kg compound fertilizer and 0. 1 kg potassium fertilizer should be applied to each plant. Winter fertilizer was applied after fruit picking, mainly farmyard manure, with 20 kg farmyard manure and 0.5 kg calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer applied to each plant. The fruit expands rapidly within/0/5 days after flowering, so the management of fertilizer and water should be strengthened, especially the application of potassium fertilizer to promote the fruit to expand rapidly. Every year, both sides of the tree alternate.
Plastic pruning
Shelving: After the seedlings resume growth, wipe off the lateral buds in time to make the main vine thicker, when the main vine grows to 50- 1500px. Pillars should be set up to guide the shelves.
1-2-year-old tree pruning: the compound pruning method (double-layer four-characteristic shaping method) is mainly adopted. When the main vine grows to 70-2000px, two lateral vines are picked and put on the shelves respectively as the first main vine; When the plant grows to 150-4000px, two lateral vines are respectively left from each lateral vine as the second layer main branches, which are respectively dragged in the opposite direction to form a double-layer four-branch shaping. During this period, the lateral branches below 2000px and between 80-4000px should sprout, and all the sprouted branches should be thinned or erased.
Pruning of adult trees: In order to prevent the canopy from being too dense, prune as soon as possible after picking fruits, but avoid re-pruning. After the last batch of fruits were harvested in winter, all the fruiting branches were re-cut from the base, leaving 3- 150px.
Freezing in winter
Cold and antifreeze should be paid attention to in areas with low temperature, and straw mats, orange stalks and films can be used to cover them. At the same time, the tender autumn leaves are cut off, most branches are cut short and retracted to the crown of the tree, and the incision is covered with film to avoid freezing the whole plant.
Matters needing attention in planting passion fruit
1, choose clean soil for planting, keep soil water content in the field, prevent water accumulation, stay away from all kinds of melons, solanaceous vegetables and bananas, and remove the burned diseased leaves and branches in time.
2. Drug control
Seedling damping-off: 800 times of Kuling and 800- 1000 times of Miaojundi; Epidemic disease: shikao 1000-2000 times solution, propineb 600-800 times solution. Mosaic virus disease: Xiaoye Huangjue 1000- 1500 times, Virulin 1500-2000 times, and Bactericide 2000-2500 times. Stem rot: carbendazim 500-800 times solution.
Main pests
The main pests are leaf miner, thrips and mites.
Prevention and control methods: leaf miner: 2500-3000 times of Banqianhuang and 6000- 10000 times of abamectin. Thrips: 3000 times the good news. Mites: 3000-4000 times of red and white mites, and 0/500-3000 times of mites/kloc.
preventive measure
Give priority to prevention, supplemented by comprehensive control, advocate ecological control, and control pests and diseases in the early stage of the disease.
Note: the above pesticides are forbidden to be used 30 days before fruit picking, otherwise it will be harmful to human health after eating.
The characteristic herbaceous vine of passion fruit is about 6 meters long; Stems with fine stripes, glabrous. The leaves are papery, 6-13cm long and 8-13cm wide, the base is wedge-shaped or heart-shaped, palmately 3-parted, the middle lobe is ovoid, the lobes on both sides are oval, the lobes have pointed serrations with inflected glands at the edges, and there are 1-2 small cup-shaped glands near the inflected base, which are hairless.
Only 1 flower is left in the cymes, which is opposite to tendrils; Flowers are fragrant, about 4 cm in diameter; Pedicel 4-4.5 cm long; Bracts are green, broadly ovoid or rhombic, long 1- 1.2 cm, with irregular serrations at the edges; 5 sepals, green outside, green and white inside, 2.5-3 cm long, with 1 angular appendage at the top outside; 5 petals, equal to sepals; The outer corona lobes are 4-5 rounds, the outer 2 rounds are filiform, about the same length as petals, the base is light green, the middle is purple, the top is white, and the inner 3 rounds are narrowly triangular, about 2 mm long; The inner corona is non-pleated, with the entire top or irregularly torn, and the height is about 1- 1.2 mm; Disk membranous, ca. 4 mm high; The length of pistil and pistil stalk is 1- 1.2 cm; 5 stamens, filaments separated, base connate, 5-6 mm long, flat; Anthers oblong, 5-6 mm long, yellowish green; Ovary obovoid, about 8 mm long, pubescent; 3 styles, flat rod, and the stigma is kidney-shaped. Berry is ovoid, with a diameter of 3-4 cm, a longitudinal diameter of 5-7 cm and a transverse diameter of 4-6 cm. It is hairless, purple when ripe, green when young, purple when mature, with a single fruit weight of 60 ~120g, tough shell and yellow pulp. Fruit leather is tough and smooth. The pulp is filled with yellow juice, which looks like raw egg yellow. The content of fruit juice is about 40%, and the juice yield is 28% to 33%.
The efficacy of passion fruit is the first. Egg fragrance is rich in vitamins, microfiber, protein and hundreds of other elements that are very beneficial to the human body, and the taste and fragrance are extremely beautiful, which can enhance the human body's resistance and improve immunity, especially for children and pregnant women. It is very helpful for physical development and growth;
Secondly, the microfiber contained in the egg fruit can enter the very tiny part of the human stomach for deep cleaning and detoxification, but it will not cause any damage to the intestinal wall, and has the effects of improving the absorption function of the human body, regulating the intestine and strengthening the stomach;
Third, because the egg fruit can enhance the digestion and absorption function, make the human body defecate normally and will not block the intestine, so it is also very beneficial to relieve constipation symptoms;
Fourthly, beauty beauty, which is not only rich in nutrition, but also can give people a feeling of satiety, thus reducing people's intake of other high-calorie foods and helping to improve the nutrient absorption structure of human body, especially the Vc contained in it, which has beauty beauty and anti-aging effects.
Fifth: Promote metabolism.