The red bean tree is an evergreen tree of the genus Sequoia in the family Sequoiaceae, and there are 11 species of the genus Sequoia worldwide, which are distributed in temperate to tropical regions of the Northern Hemisphere. From the point of view of the geographical distribution of the sequoia, the United States, Canada, France, India, Myanmar and China are distributed, but the largest reserves in Asia, in which the sequoia in China accounted for more than half of the global reserves. In China, there are five species (four species and one variety) of sequoia, i.e., Chinese sequoia, northeastern sequoia, Yunnan sequoia, southern sequoia, and Tibetan sequoia, which are distributed in northeastern, southern and southwestern China. In Heilongjiang Province, there is only one species of the northeastern red bean counters, which is mainly distributed in the Changbai Mountains of Jilin and along the Heilongjiang River, and there is also a small amount of distribution in the mountainous areas of eastern Liaoning, with very little natural distribution.
The red douglas fir is up to 30 meters high, and the diameter at breast height is up to 60-100 centimeters; the bark is gray-brown, reddish-brown, or dark brown, and it splits into strips and falls off; the large branches are spreading out, and the first-year branches are green or yellowish-green, and they turn into greenish-yellow or yellowish-reddish-brown in the fall, and the two- and three-year branches are yellowish-brown, light-reddish-brown, or grayish-brown; the winter buds are yellowish-brown, light-brown, or reddish-brown, and they are glossy, with triangular-shaped ovate bud scales, and the backs have no ridge or with longitudinal ridges, deciduous or few persistent at base of branchlets. Leaves arranged in two rows, barred, slightly curved or straighter, 1-3 (mostly 1.5-2.2) cm long, 2-4 (mostly 3) mm wide, slightly tapering distally, apex often slightly acute, sparsely acute or acuminate, dark green above, glossy, yellowish green below, with two stomatal bands, and densely uniformly and minutely rounded angular papillae on the midvein bands, often of the same color as the stomatal bands, sparsely lighter in color. Male bulbous flowers yellowish, stamens 8-14, anthers 4-8 (mostly 5-6). Seeds are borne in a cup-shaped red fleshy aril, occasionally on top of a submembranous discoid seedpod, often ovoid, mature red.
The red bean tree is beautiful, evergreen, brown mottled branches and verdant leaves against each other, as well as the fruit maturity of the red and green color matching is intoxicating, very ornamental, can be widely used in soil and water protection and forests, horticulture ornamental forests, is the new century to improve the ecological environment, the construction of beautiful mountains and rivers of the excellent tree species. In the gardening, indoor bonsai also has a very broad development prospects, such as the use of rare red bean tree made of high-grade bonsai, urban greening and home beautification of new money.
The care of the red bean tree is relatively simple in general, but we should pay attention to the soil acidity and alkalinity and watering, otherwise there will be a leaf death. The following flowers and trees will be specific about maintenance precautions.
Potting soil Sequoia like acidic soil, the soil should be loose, rich in humus, fertile, slightly acidic soil (PH = 5.5 ~ 7 between), available humus and sand mixed as culture soil.
Pot Sequoia belongs to shallow-rooted plants, so it is recommended to use a shallow well-breathed alabaster pots, ceramic pots, tile pots, it is best not to use porcelain pots. Color is recommended to use a plain color, set off each other, you can show the beauty of the cedar more, do not use big red and green colors, lest the main event.
Placement of the sequoia like ventilation and cool environment, so choose a better air circulation location, so that the sequoia branches and leaves smooth "breathing". Sequoia is not easy to put in the air conditioning outlet, often blown by strong winds, branches and leaves will be quickly dehydrated, leaves curled and dried up. Put in the air-conditioning room every day should be daily foliar spray, to maintain foliar humidity, and put a pot of water in the room. In the northern winter room with heating should be farther away from the radiator, and put a pot of water in the radiator to increase the humidity of the indoor air.
Modeling of the red bean trees belong to the tree, the general bonsai modeling suitable for jungle style, straight stem style, but there are varieties suitable for other modeling, according to the red bean trees to determine the specific shape of the pile.
Temperature and humidity of the red bean trees like cool and humid climate, can withstand -30 ° C below the low temperature, cold resistance, the optimal temperature of 20 ~ 25 ° C, is a shade species. Habitat tolerance of shade, under the dense forest can also grow, perennial, not forest. Sequoia growth suitable humidity of 40-80, too dry climate is easy to cause
Lighting Sequoia is an excellent potted foliage plants, preferring shade and humidity, avoiding sunlight, drought-resistant. Therefore it is not suitable for full light, summer should be appropriate shade, especially from July to August each year under full light and strong light, the chlorophyll of the leaves are destroyed and lead to the death of young trees. The best light of the red bean tree is from 7:00 am to 11:00 am every day, the light is about 4 hours, the light time is shorter in summer, and the light time can be longer in the fall and spring. However, no light also affects the photosynthesis and growth of redbud.
Watering correctly grasp the water, is the maintenance of good red bean brand sequoia the most critical point, the principle is "not dry not water, watering is watering through". Appropriate dry on the red bean cedar is better. When the surface of the potting soil becomes lighter in color and drier, and the upper leaves of the plant are dull and soft, it means it needs to be rehydrated. Watering plants water temperature and soil temperature can not be too big a difference, if you use tap water, it is best to leave it for two hours, the northern water quality alkaline, available ferrous sulfate, vinegar mediation after watering. Watering, the action should be slow, if the bottom of the basin drainage holes quickly out of the water, need to wait half an hour and then back to watering once, until the potting soil is moist. In addition, if the indoor air is dry, you can give the plant foliage appropriate spray some mist water. In addition to pay attention to the red bean cedar bonsai can not be poured inside the tea water, if often poured to drink the rest of the tea water, because the tea contains theophylline, etc., will change the soil pH, affecting growth.
Fertilizer cedar love fertilizer, fertilization principle is "thin fertilizer diligently". In the spring and autumn, the growth is strong, you can use diluted cake fertilizer and potassium dihydrogen phosphate on the roots of watering every half-month, alternating, summer and winter do not fertilize. You can also use slow-release fertilizer buried in the soil as a long-lasting base fertilizer.
Pruning every year in March and April, the redbud will sprout a large number of shoots, will consume a lot of nutrients, this time you can remove the growth of the inward-facing shoots, to prevent the branch shape is too dense and not windy so that the leaves yellow or fall off. Cross branch, inward branch pruning, can improve ventilation. Light penetration, and can save water nutrient overconsumption, in the shoots just sprouting foliage is best not to spray liquid fertilizer, or in the root watering thick fertilizer.
Pests and diseases of the redbud culture is extremely rare, the emergence of yellowing, pests and diseases, available metribuzin, potassium dihydrogen phosphate can be watered or sprayed; be aware of the redbud will occur in the rainy season, root rot, stem rot and rotting, seedlings are more likely to occur, can be used to spray diclofenac; in the period of high temperatures and drought (July to August), redbud is prone to leaf blight and red blight can be controlled by spraying Bordeaux solution for control.
PropagationThe propagation of the sequoia generally takes seed propagation and cuttings propagation. Cuttings to more than 4 years of the mother plant on the current year's branches as a spike, spring to the shoots is good, fall to the hard branches is good. Cuttings should be done in the shade, cuttings rhizome coated with rooting powder, to avoid the passage of strong winds or too dry.
The cedar as a national level of protection of plants, known as the "national treasure" reputation, after artificial cultivation of the cedar seedlings and bonsai, there have been a lot of the market, and the price is low, generally in a few dollars to 20 yuan, interested in the pot friends can buy their own, and pay attention to the cedar is poisonous, to avoid letting the children or pets to climb and swallow the leaves. or pets to climb and fold and swallow the leaves.