At the initial stage of direct seeding of Luffa, the local temperature was stable at 65438 08℃. It is worth noting that different sowing dates should choose corresponding varieties. Late-maturing varieties should be selected in early spring and late autumn, and varieties with heat tolerance, early maturity, strong females and light requirement should be selected in summer. Spring and autumn are most suitable for the growth of Luffa, and most varieties perform well, so high-quality and high-yield varieties should be planted. Through seed propagation, direct seeding or seedling transplantation. Live broadcast mode: March-April, land preparation and border preparation, with a width of about 3m. Soak the seeds to accelerate germination, and sow two lines on each side. Plant spacing is 35cm, holes are opened, 3 seeds are sown in each hole, and about 300-450g seeds are needed for 1hm2. Seedling-raising and transplanting method: in February and March, seedlings are raised in a nutrient bowl on a heat-insulating seedbed, and can be transplanted when the seedlings grow 2-3 true leaves.

2, towel gourd planting method

Luffa is distributed in temperate and tropical regions of the world. It is cultivated all over China. Sandy loam with warm environment, moist soil and rich organic matter is suitable for planting. Seed propagation. The height of seedlings is about 1 ft, so they should be erected to facilitate climbing and growth.

3. Land selection and base fertilizer

Luffa should be planted in fields rich in organic matter, and the previous crop should not be melons, and sufficient base fertilizer should be applied in spring and autumn. The base fertilizer should be mainly organic fertilizer, and decomposed pig manure 1500 kg, gross fertilizer 20 kg and peanut bran 50 kg can be applied per mu.

4. Planting density

There are 1700-2200 loofahs per mu. Varieties planted in autumn or bearing fruit on main vines can be planted closely. Due to the long sunshine time and vigorous growth in summer, it can be appropriately sparse.

5. Luffa-field management

Water and fertilizer management

When planting early-maturing varieties in early spring, fertilization should be applied at seedling stage to promote seedlings, and melon seeds and topdressing should be used frequently to promote plant growth. In summer and autumn cultivation, fertilizer and water should be well controlled at seedling stage, and topdressing should be started only when female buds appear. At the initial flowering stage, heavy fertilizer should be applied, and 50 kilograms of compound fertilizer and 50 kilograms of gross fertilizer can be cultivated per mu. Water demand is high in flowering and fruiting period, especially in hot summer, so it is necessary to water it early and water it late, and loofah is prone to fibrosis and quality degradation. Top dressing 50 kg per mu in the initial harvest period and 750 kg of pig manure. Top dressing should be done in time during the harvest period. Generally, topdressing should be done once every 2-3 times, and 20 kg of imported compound fertilizer and 0/0 kg of potash fertilizer should be planted per mu each time. Spray compound fertilizer water every other day during the whole harvest period, and the dosage is 2 kg per mu. During the whole growing period, intertillage weeding and ridging are often carried out.

Plant regulation

Before the first melon sets fruit, only the main branches and vines are kept, and all the lateral vines are removed. After the first melon is planted, leave 3-4 strong lateral branches with female flowers to grow, and remove some thin, dense or diseased lateral branches. And timely remove sick, old, yellow, dense leaves, excessive male flowers, as well as deformed melons, stiff melons, diseased melons, insect-eaten melons, and over-dense melons. Artificial pollination can improve fruit setting rate and yield. In time, artificially lead and tie vines, and assist them to put on shelves or set up a shed with a height of 2m. Pull out all the vines on the front side of the shed, and generally do not pull out the vines on the back side of the shed. When young loofah is covered by bamboo, leaves and vines or entangled by tendrils, it can't droop naturally, grow normally and is prone to bending or deformity. It is necessary to straighten the hanging melon, usually 2-3 days after it becomes a melon. At the full fruit stage, dense old yellow leaves and redundant male flowers are removed, young melons are adjusted and hung on a shelf or wrapped in tendrils to grow in a shed, and deformed melons are removed.

6, loofah-pest control

Under the condition of high temperature and high humidity, flower rot or cotton wilt will lead to this kind of flower rot. Vegetable farmers can choose chemicals such as Kelu, Anke and Redomir to spray on the leaves, or add some chemicals to the dipped anthers to prevent diseases. In addition, try this recipe dipped in flowers: Take 4 kg of water as an example, add 3 packs of cucurbitacin and 2 nai acetic acids in winter, 1 0ml 2,4-d, 1 bud,12ml towel gourd straight flower protector,15ml luyuan,/kloc-.

powdery mildew

Select disease-resistant varieties, such as Luffa Wang Lu, Luffa Xiatang 1.

Implement crop rotation, reasonable close planting, ditch cleaning and drainage, increase the application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, not only nitrogen fertilizer, remove diseased leaves at the early stage of the disease and burn them centrally;

Chemical control: focusing on prevention, spraying 25% Amisi SC 1500 times in the early growth stage, flowering stage and fruit setting stage respectively; It can also be sprayed with 80- 100 times of 27% high-fat film emulsion at the early stage of the disease to form a protective film and play a role in disease prevention. Or if there are sporadic small powder spots on the leaves, they should be treated immediately, and sprayed with 10% world high water dispersible granules 2000 times, 40% Mibingwei suspension concentrate 500 times, 20% triadimefon EC 1000 times, 600-800 times of triadimefon EC 2000 times and 25% 100 grams EC 2000 times. Because melons are sensitive to sulfur at high temperature in summer, the concentration of sulfur-containing bactericide should not be too high, so it should be tried before use.

Bemisia tabaci

Eliminate weeds in the field and their intermediate hosts and breeding bases;

Chemical control: Spraying 25% Aketai water dispersible granule 7500 times, or Uranus EC 4000 times, aphid 500- 1500 times, chlorpyrifos 1500 times alternately, once every 7- 10 days for 2-3 times continuously. It is best to spray chemicals on adjacent fields at the same time.

Melon moth

Larvae began to damage in May, and occurred in large numbers from July to September, which was the most harmful.

Prevention and control methods: remove the curly leaves in time during the larval occurrence period to eliminate the hidden larvae and pupae;

The larvae can be sprayed with 5% mebendazole EC 1500 times, or 52.25% nongtianle EC 1000 times, 5% carduk EC 1000-2000 times and 50% butachlor EC 1000 times. Use interchangeably.

7, timely harvest

Luffa takes about 10- 12 days from flowering to commercial maturity. The harvesting standard is that the melon body is full and symmetrical, the fruit handle is smooth, the melon body is slightly hard, and the peel is soft but not slippery. Hand-crank the melon tail. Keep the fruit intact when picking.