shì dì
2 English referencecalyx kaki [朗道汉英字典]]//>
calyx and receptacle of a persimmon [Xiangya Medical Dictionary]
persimmon persistent calyx [湘雅医学专业词典]/>
Persimmon persistent calyx [湘雅医学专业词典]/>
Calyx and receptacle of a persimmon. ]
Calyx Kaki (拉) [Nomenclature Review Committee of Chinese Medicine. Chinese Medicine Nomenclature (2004)]
persimmon calyx [Chinese Medicine Nomenclature Review Committee. Chinese Medicine Nomenclature (2004)]
3 Overviewpersimmon calyx
persimmon calyx is the name of the traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), out of the "Gleanings from the Materia Medica". It is the dried persistent calyx of persimmon Diospyros kaki Thunb. in the family of Persimmonaceae[1].
The Pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China (2010 edition) records the pharmacopoeial standard of this Chinese medicine.
4 Latin nameCalyx Kaki (La) (Nomenclature of Chinese Medicine (2004))
5 English namepersimmon calyx (Nomenclature of Chinese Medicine (2004))
6 Alias of Persimmon TeePersimmon money, persimmon ding, persimmon handle, persimmon calyx[2].
7 SourcePersimmon tip is the persistent calyx of the fruit of persimmon Diospyros kaki L. f., family Persimmonaceae.
Persimmon tip is the persistent calyx of persimmon Diospyros kaki L. f., family Persimmonaceae [2].
8 OriginPersimmon is mainly produced in Henan and Shandong [2].
9 ProtomorphologyDeciduous tree, branchlets brownish pilose. Leaves alternate, leathery, ovate-elliptic to obovate, 6-18cm long, 3-9cm wide, apex mucronate, entire, dark green above, brown pubescent below; flowers polygamous, male flowers with stamens 16, into short cymes; female flowers solitary in the axil of the leaf, the ovary superior, 8-loculed; calyx 4-parted, hairy, enlarged when the fruit is ripe; corolla yellow-white, 4-lobed, hairy. Berry oblate or ovoid, 3.5-8 cm in diameter, orange-red, red, bright yellow when ripe, persistent calyx woody. Flowering in May to June, fruiting in September.
Cultivated throughout the country.
10 Place of originPersimmon is mainly produced in Henan, Shandong.
11 Harvesting and processingPicked in winter when the fruit is ripe or eaten collected, washed, dried.
12 Pharmacognosypersistent calyx Petri dish-shaped, calyx tube spreading, square-like, 1 *.5 ~ 2.5 cm in diameter, the edge of the 4-lobed, the lobes broadly triangular, 1 ~ 1.5 cm long, about 2 cm wide, often outwardly revolute, the base of the fruit stalk or rounded petiole scars; reddish-brown on the outer surface, the inner surface of the yellowish-brown, the calyx tube densely rust-colored glossy downy hairs, arranged in a radial pattern. Texture hard and brittle. Taste slightly astringent.
The chemical composition of persimmon
Persimmon contains oleanolic acid (oleanolic acid), ursolic acid (ursolic acid), betulinic acid (betulic acid), syringic acid (syringic acid), vanillic acid (vanillic acid), B-sitosseryl alcohol and its glycosides ( BsitosserylBg). BsitosserylBglucoside), trifolin (trifolin), hyperin (hyperin), kaempferol (kaempferol) and so on.
13 Sexual flavor attributionPersimmon flavor bitter, astringent, flat; into the stomach meridian [2].
14 Effects and Indications of Persimmon TipsPersimmon tips have the effect of lowering the rebellious and lowering the qi, and are used for eruption.
Persimmon Tee has the efficacy of lowering qi and stopping eruption[2]:
Persimmon Tee is used to treat eruption, yelping, and qi diaphragm regurgitation: decocted, 5 to 10g[2].
Persimmon Tibia treatment of hemorrhagic gonorrhea: burning the sex of the research powder to serve, each time 3 to 6 g [2].
15 Chemical composition of persimmon tisPersimmon tis contains oleanolic acid, betulinic acid, uninhibited terpenes, ursolic acid, butyric acid, vanillic acid, gallic acid, kaempferol, quercetin, trilobalide, chrysin, β-sitosterol, and its glucosides, etc. [2].
16 Pharmacological Actions of Persimmon TeePersimmon Tee extract has anti-experimental arrhythmic effects and sedative effects [2].
17 Pharmacopoeial Standard of Persimmon Tee 17.1 NamePersimmon Tee
Shidi
KAKI CALYX
17.2 SourceThis product is the dried persistent calyx of persimmon Diospyros kaki Thunb. in the family Persimmonaceae. The fruits are picked in winter when they are ripe, collected when consumed, washed and dried in the sun.
17.3 PropertiesThe product is flat and round, 1.5-2.5cm in diameter. the center is thicker, slightly elevated, with a round scar after the fruit is shed, the edge is thinner, 4-lobed, the lobes are more reflexed, friable; there is a fruit stalk at the base or a round pore-shaped fruit stalk scar. Outer surface yellowish brown or reddish brown, inner surface yellowish brown, densely covered with fine tomentum. Texture hard and brittle. Gas slightly, taste astringent.
17.4 Identification(1) The powder is brown. Stone cells are long, square, triangular or irregularly shaped, about 80 μm in diameter, unevenly thickened wall, the outer side of the verrucous protuberance or slightly short branching, pore grooves are very fine. Non-glandular hairs unicellular, 20-26 μm in diameter, wall thickness of about 8 μm, cytosol containing brown material. The outer epidermal cells are square or polygonal, the stomata are indefinite, and the parietal guard cells are 5～7. The diameter of calcium oxalate square crystal is 5～20μm.
(2) Take 2g of the crude powder of this product, add 10ml of 70% ethanol, immersed in warmth for 2 hours, filtration, evaporation of filtrate, and the residue is added with 1ml of methanol to make it dissolved, as the solution for the test product. Take gallic acid control product, add methanol to make a solution containing 0.5mg per 1ml, as a control solution. According to the thin layer chromatography (Appendix VI B), absorb the test solution 5ul, control solution 2μl, respectively, point in the same silica gel G thin layer plate, toluene (saturated with water) ethyl formate formic acid (5:4:1) as an unfolding agent, unfolding, take out, drying, sprayed with 1% ferric chloride ethanol solution. In the chromatogram of the test product, in the corresponding position with the chromatogram of the control product, the same color spots.
17.5 Check 17.5.1 MoistureNot more than 14.0% (Appendix IXH first method).
17.5.2 Total ashnot more than 8.0% (Appendix IXK).
17.6 Persimmon Tips Drinking Tablets 17.6.1 ConcoctionRemove impurities, wash, remove the stalk, dry or broken.
17.6.2 Identification and examinationSame as herbs.
17.6.3 Flavor and MeridianBitter, astringent, flat. Attributed to the stomach meridian.
17.6.4 Functions and IndicationsReducing rebelliousness and stopping eruption. It is used for eruption.
17.6.5 Usage and dosage5-10g.
17.6.6 StorageIn a dry and ventilated place, protected from moth.
17.7 Provenance