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Chinese scientific name: sunflower
Alias: Hibiscus tuberosum, Polygonum hydropiper, Caulis Viniferae, Oleoresin Bean, Auricularia auricula, Flowering Vegetable, Tofu Vegetable, Zi Kui.
Sunflower, carmine, radish.
Latin scientific name: Basella alba L.
Realm: Plant Realm
Phylum: Angiosperm phylum
Class: Dicotyledonous Plants
Objective: Central suborder
Family: Malvaceae.
Genus: Malva.
Morphological characteristics:
Annual twining herbs. The stem can be several meters long, hairless, fleshy, green or purplish red. Malva leaves are ovoid or nearly round, 3-9 cm long and 2-8 cm wide, with a tapering tip, a slightly heart-shaped or round base, a stalk extending downwards, and the veins on the back are slightly convex; Petiole length 1-3 cm, with grooves. Spike axillary, 3- 15 (-20) cm long; Bracts very small, caducous; Bracteoles 2, calyx-shaped, oblong, persistent; Tepals are reddish or lavender, oval-oblong, entire, obtuse at the top, folded in, white at the lower part, and connected into a tube; Stamens are inserted into the mouth of perianth tube, filaments are short, base is flat and wide, white, anthers are light yellow; Stigma elliptic. The fruit is spherical, 5-6 mm in diameter, red to dark red or black, juicy, surrounded by persistent bracteoles and perianth. The flowering period is May-September, and the fruiting period is July 7- 10/October.
Nutritional value:
The nutritional value is very high. According to the determination, every 1 kg edible part contains protein17g, fat 2g, carbohydrate 3 1 g, calcium 2.05g, phosphorus 290mg, iron 22mg, and also contains carotene 45.5mg, nicotinic acid10mg. It has the effects of smoothing intestine, facilitating defecation, clearing away heat, detoxicating, strengthening brain, lowering cholesterol, etc. Regular consumption can lower blood pressure, benefit liver, clear heat and cool blood, and prevent constipation.
edibleness
Leaves contain various vitamins, calcium and iron, and are cultivated as vegetables. Fruit juice can be used as a harmless food colorant.
It is one of the main road vegetables in summer and high temperature season in southern China. The sunflower is less cultivated and has always been listed as a rare vegetable. The sunflower is fed on seedlings, tender stems and shoots of tender leaves. The taste is fresh, tender and smooth. Can be fried, hot and cold. Its taste is fragrant, crisp and refreshing, like fungus, and it has a unique flavor. Note: the spleen is cold and inedible. Pregnant women should not take it.
Medicinal value
The whole herb is used as a laxative, which has the effects of smoothing intestine, dissipating heat and facilitating defecation. Flower juice has the effects of clearing blood and detoxicating, and can relieve acne toxin. External application can treat carbuncle toxin and nipple rupture.
Medicinal parts: leaves or whole grass, flowers and fruits are used as medicine.
Falling sunflower
Chinese medicine name: leaf or whole grass: sunflower.
Flowers: sunflower. Fruit: sunflower seeds.
Functions: clearing away heat, relaxing bowels, cooling blood, detoxicating, and treating constipation, short and astringent urine, dysentery, bloody stool, macula and acne.
① "Don't record": main sliding, heat dissipation. ② Compendium: Benefiting the large intestine.
③ Lingnan Herb Collection Record: Treating damp-heat dysentery. ④ Fujian Folk Herbs: purging heat, smoothing intestines, eliminating carbuncle and detoxifying.
⑤ Jiangsu Botanical Medicine Annals: It is a gynecological hemostatic.
⑥ "Lu Chuan Ben Cao": cooling blood, detoxifying, diminishing inflammation and promoting granulation. Treat heat toxin, fire sore, blood pruritus and macula.
⑦ Quanzhou Materia Medica: Treating constipation, short and astringent urine and depressed chest. [8]?
pay attention to
(1) "Compendium" spleen is cold and inedible. ② Nanning Pharmacology: Pregnant women should not take it.
Collecting processed leaves or whole grass: collecting leaves or whole grass in summer and autumn, washing, removing impurities, fresh use or drying in the sun. Flowers: picked in spring and summer when flowers bloom, rarely used. Fruits: harvested and dried in July 7- 10/0. [4]?
Chemical composition leaves contain dextran and mucopolysaccharide (including L- arabinose and D- galactose)
Falling sunflower
L- rhamnose and uronic acid), β-carotene and other carotenoids and organic acids. It also contains saponins, iron and so on.
Pharmacological effects: antipyretic, anti-inflammatory and antiviral.
Functional leaves or whole grass: sweet, sour and cold. Flowers: bitter, bitter and cold. Leaves or whole grass: relaxing bowels, clearing heat and promoting diuresis, cooling blood and detoxifying, and promoting blood circulation. Flowers: cooling blood and detoxifying. Fruit: Moisturize skin and beautify.
Meridian tropism "Quanzhou Materia Medica": entering the heart, liver, spleen, large and small intestine meridians.
Indications: leaf or whole grass: constipation, short and astringent urine, dysentery, heat toxic ulcer, traumatic injury. Flowers: pox virus, nipple rupture. Leaves or whole grass: oral: decoction,10-15g, fresh 30-60g. External use: appropriate amount, fresh tamping; Or mash it. People with spleen and stomach deficiency and cold should take it with caution, and pregnant women should avoid taking it. Flowers: external use: appropriate amount, fresh mashed juice coating. Fruit: external use: appropriate amount, ground and applied to make facial fat.
Attached prescription
① Treatment of constipation: Fresh sunflower leaves are cooked as non-staple food. (Quanzhou Materia Medica)
② Treatment of short and astringent urine: two or two fresh sunflower seeds each time. Decoct soup instead of tea. (Quanzhou Materia Medica)
Falling sunflower
(3) Treating bleeding for a long time: one or two sunflower seeds, one or two white bean roots, and one old hen (head, feet and internal organs removed). Stew with water in moderation. ("Minnan Folk Herbs")
④ Treatment of depressed chest and diaphragm due to accumulated heat: two or two fresh sunflower seeds each time. Deep-fried soup with warm wine. (Quanzhou Materia Medica)
⑤ Treatment of arthralgia due to wind in hands and feet: one or two stems of fresh sunflower, one pig's trotters or one old hen (head, feet and viscera removed). And water and wine. ("Minnan Folk Herbs")
⑥ Treatment of furuncle: More than ten pieces of fresh sunflower. Mash the paste and change it once or twice a day. (Fujian Folk Herbs)
⑦ Treatment of appendicitis: two to four fresh sunflower seeds. Decoct with water. (Fujian Chinese Herbal Medicine)
⑧ Treatment of traumatic bleeding: fresh leaves of Abelmoschus manihot and crystal sugar are pounded and applied to the affected area. (Minnan Folk Herbs) (Excerpt from Dictionary)
Dai medicine Pabon (Xidai): Root treatment of mumps, diarrhea, dysentery, frequent abdominal pain and gradual weight loss. (Source: China Ethnic Medicine, Jia Minru and Li Xingwei, China Medical Science and Technology Press, 2005)
Remarks: Some areas in Yunnan Province believe that this product has the effect of nourishing and strengthening, and the whole grass can be used for chronic illness and dizziness; Root treatment of malnutrition edema and other symptoms; Flower cures nipple rupture and chickenpox. (Excerpt from the National Compilation of Chinese Herbal Medicine)
pharmacological action
1.antipyretic effect: 20ml/kg of juice extracted from fresh sunflower seeds was given to the stomach, which had obvious antipyretic effect on fever caused by yeast in rats; 10ml/kg has antipyretic effect only at 1h and 2h after administration, but it has no obvious effect at 5h after administration.
2. Anti-inflammatory effect: The new formula of "Luokui Xianji" has a significant inhibitory effect on egg white foot edema, formaldehyde foot edema, capillary permeability increase in mice caused by acetic acid, leukocyte migration in rats caused by methyl cellulose acetate (CMC) and cotton ball granuloma in rats, but the effect is slightly weakened when the dosage is 10ml/kg.
3. Anti-virus effect The water extract from the leaves of this plant has inhibitory effect on tobacco mosaic virus, and its effective component is a glycoprotein.