1, weatherproof and drip-free heat insulation film for vegetable greenhouse
2. Multi-layer covering insulation technology in winter and spring.
3. Micro-irrigation technology in vegetable greenhouse
4. Increase the application amount of CO2 in early spring.
5. Shading and cooling cultivation techniques
6, plant diseases and insect pests isolation cultivation techniques
7. Cultivation techniques of vegetable shelter from rain in greenhouse
1. Weather-resistant drip-free heat insulation film for vegetable greenhouses?
This new film is added with resin materials such as polyvinyl acetate (EVA), which has the advantages of high light transmittance, good thermal insulation, long service life and no dripping length. Generally, the night temperature in winter is 0.5℃ higher than that of polyethylene film, the service life can reach 1 year, and the drip resistance can reach 2-3 months. The price of this film is about 10% higher than that of ordinary non-dripping thermal insulation film.
Second, multi-layer covering insulation technology in winter and spring?
It is rainy in winter and early spring in our province, and the light and heat resources are insufficient. Using "three sheds and four films" (greenhouse+middle shed+shed+plastic film) multi-layer covering insulation technology can effectively improve the night temperature in the greenhouse, and the temperature difference between inside and outside the greenhouse can reach 4.5℃, which is helpful to ensure the safety of crops in the greenhouse. In addition to film, straw curtain, sunshade net, non-woven fabric, etc. can also be used as the internal insulation covering material.
Third, micro-irrigation technology in vegetable greenhouses?
The use of micro-irrigation is advocated in greenhouse irrigation. Micro-irrigation can effectively control the "salt return" of greenhouse soil, save labor water, facilitate the operation in greenhouse, reduce the humidity in greenhouse, help reduce pests and diseases, and realize synchronous irrigation of fertilizer and water through micro-irrigation and topdressing. Advanced drip irrigation methods such as built-in drip irrigation can be adopted (the cost per mu is 500-600 yuan, and the service life is 3-5 years), or low-cost perforated belt drip irrigation pipe (the cost per mu is about 200 yuan, and the service life is about 1 year).
Fourth, increase CO2 application in early spring?
Increasing CO2 concentration in greenhouse by applying CO2 granular fertilizer can promote the growth and development of vegetables, reduce flower and fruit dropping, increase fruit setting rate, promote fruit growth, improve quality, and improve yield and stress resistance.
5. Shading and cooling cultivation techniques?
Covering the top of vegetable greenhouse with black sunshade net in hot summer can effectively reduce the temperature in the greenhouse and reduce the erosion of vegetables by heavy rain, which can be used to cultivate fast-growing leafy vegetables in summer.
Six, pest isolation cultivation techniques?
Cover the top of the greenhouse with a film, and install a 22-mesh plastic insect net around the vegetable greenhouse to prevent pests such as Spodoptera litura, Plutella xylostella and Pieris rapae from harming greenhouse vegetables.
1, pay attention to variety selection, pest control and isolated cultivation, avoid direct harm from pests or lay eggs in the house, and do not use (or use less) pesticides, so that the vegetables produced meet the requirements of pollution-free. The cultivation time of insect-proof net covering is mainly in the high temperature season in summer and autumn, and the vegetable varieties with heat resistance, moisture resistance and disease resistance should be selected.
2. Reasonable selection of insect nets The number of insect nets increases, the temperature in the nets increases, and the ventilation performance decreases. The temperature of white grid is higher than that of silver-gray grid and black grid. Silver gray has the function of avoiding aphids. Therefore, it is recommended to choose 22-mesh silver-gray mesh cloth in production.
3. There are two ways to adopt proper mulching to prevent insects and isolate cultivation: full net mulching and net film mulching. Full-net coverage means covering the whole shed with insect-proof nets on the scaffolding, which can be divided into greenhouse coverage, small and medium-sized shed coverage and flat shed coverage according to the scaffolding form.
Mesh film mulching is the combination of insect-proof net and agricultural film, that is, the agricultural film on the shed top cover and the insect-proof net around it, which can avoid rain erosion on soil, protect soil structure and reduce soil moisture. Both the whole net coverage and the net film coverage have the function of preventing insects and diseases, but they have different adaptability to various abnormal weather and should be used flexibly. In summer and autumn with high temperature, little rain, windy or frequent strong typhoons, the whole net should be used for cultivation. In rainy season, or continuous rainy weather, net film mulching can be used for cultivation.
4. The shading rate of insect-proof net covered in the whole process is low, and the vegetable crops will not be affected by insufficient light in summer and autumn. In order to cut off the harmful path of pests, insect nets should be covered throughout the growth period, and insect nets should be covered before sowing. Dig a hole before covering the net. When covering the net, the periphery of the insect-proof net should be compacted to prevent pests from sneaking into spawning. Disinfect the soil before sowing to kill pests and eggs remaining in the soil.
5. Strengthen field management, apply sufficient base fertilizer and reduce the number of topdressing. Watering and fertilization can be done by pouring outside the net or furrow irrigation. Where conditions permit, it is best to use drip irrigation and micro-sprinkler irrigation to minimize the number of operations in the network. When entering or leaving the net, it is necessary to pull the net and set up a shed in time to prevent the invasion of pests. It is necessary to patrol the field frequently, remove the eggs of pests hanging on the net or in the field in time, check whether the net and membrane are damaged and repair them in time. In sunny, hot and hot weather, no matter what kind of covering method is adopted, cooling measures such as shading and irrigation should be taken.
Seven, vegetable greenhouse cultivation techniques?
Keep the roof film of the greenhouse, ventilate around it, and use it in rainy season to prevent rain erosion and waterlogging.