Expert reply: For patients with advanced esophageal cancer, most of them are weak and have poor physique, so choosing appropriate treatment method is crucial for patients with advanced esophageal cancer. Patients with advanced esophageal cancer have metastasis of different degrees, and they are not suitable for surgical treatment, and traditional Chinese medicine has its unique characteristics in treating advanced esophageal cancer. Chinese medicine treatment for advanced esophageal cancer perfectly embodies the high degree of unity of Chinese medicine's rationale, method, prescription and medicine through dialectical treatment; it is the main means and favorable guarantee for the treatment of advanced esophageal cancer. Therefore, in general, the treatment of advanced esophageal cancer often adopts the conservative treatment with traditional Chinese medicine alone or the simultaneous treatment with traditional Chinese medicine and radiotherapy. Although radiotherapy has large side effects and poor long-term therapeutic effect, radiotherapy for advanced esophageal cancer can improve patient's symptoms in a short period of time and create certain conditions for advanced esophageal cancer patients to continue treatment, and the combination of radiotherapy with Chinese medicine can significantly reduce the side effects of radiotherapy and enhance the therapeutic effect. Chinese medicine alone can be used in the treatment of advanced esophageal cancer: Chinese medicine treatment can not only be used in conjunction with surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy in the treatment of advanced esophageal cancer, but also can achieve ideal therapeutic effect in the treatment of advanced esophageal cancer patients who cannot be operated and cannot tolerate radiotherapy alone. Traditional Chinese medicine has the dual efficacy of killing and inhibiting cancer cells and improving immunity, and it can effectively improve the symptoms of patients with advanced esophageal cancer, alleviate the pain of patients, improve the quality of life and prolong the life span by taking into account of supporting the positive and dispelling the evil. As a national medicine, Yao medicine plays a pivotal role in China's medical history, laying a solid foundation for the development of national medicine. Along the development of medicine through the ages, Yao medicine has gradually developed, adhering to the fine traditions and absorbing the advanced knowledge of modern science. In terms of cancer, Yao medicine can alleviate the symptoms and pain of cancer patients, improve the quality of life, prolong life and reduce the mortality rate of cancer, which is of great significance for the continuation and development of human beings. There are five major characteristics of Yao medicine in treating cancer: 1. Strong overall concept. Although the tumor grows in a certain part of the body, it is actually a systemic disease. For most of the tumor patients, local treatment cannot solve the problem of eradication, while Chinese medicine has an important role in improving the local symptoms and systemic condition of patients due to the implementation of dialectical treatment from the holistic viewpoint, which not only considers the local treatment, but also adopts the method of correcting and cultivating the root cause. 2. It can make up for the insufficiency of surgical treatment, radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Surgery can certainly remove the cancer, but there are still residual cancer, or regional lymph node metastasis, or the presence of cancer thrombus in blood vessels, etc. Long-term post-surgical treatment with traditional Chinese medicine can prevent recurrence and metastasis; radiotherapy and chemotherapy have considerable side-effects on the digestive tract and hematopoietic system, so traditional Chinese medicine can not only alleviate the side-effects of radiotherapy and chemotherapy, but also strengthen the effect of radiotherapy and chemotherapy, For advanced cancer patients or those who cannot undergo surgery, radiotherapy or chemotherapy, they can be treated with traditional Chinese medicine, therefore, there is one more way of national medicine for cancer treatment in China than in foreign countries.3. It does not affect the labor force. Cancer patients can improve their local conditions as well as their general conditions, and they can even be able to do their daily work. 4. Small side effects. There is no side effect of myelosuppression, and there is no serious effect on the digestive tract.5. It is economically cheaper and convenient to take. Discriminative treatment: ① Fostering correctness and anti-cancer. Theoretical basis: Chinese medicine theory believes that deficiency is an important cause and pathogenesis of tumor development. Deficiency of Zhengqi and weakness of qi and blood lead to dysfunction of internal organs and thus a series of pathological changes such as stagnation of qi, stasis of blood, accumulation of dampness, fire, phlegm and so on, which eventually form tumors. Clinical practice has also fully proved that Fu Zheng anti-cancer can alleviate symptoms, improve the quality of life, prolong the survival period, reduce the toxic side effects of radiotherapy, etc., and for some tumors, it may reduce the recurrence rate and increase the cure rate. Therefore, supporting correctness and anti-cancer is the characteristic and advantage of Chinese medicine in preventing and treating tumors. Indications: It is mainly adapted to advanced stage tumors. Specific measures: nourish yin, replenish qi, replenish yang and nourish blood. Supporting the positive and anti-cancer. ② Theoretical basis of dispelling evil: Chinese medicine theory believes that external evil is a factor in the occurrence and development of tumors. Due to long-term dietary impurity, emotional disorders, overwork and injury, etc., the balance of yin and yang of the organism is out of balance, the function of internal organs is out of balance, and external evils take advantage of the deficiency and enter the body, causing a series of pathological changes such as stagnation of qi and blood stasis, accumulation of evils and poisons, turbid toxins and so on, and finally forming tumors. Therefore, dispelling evil is also one of the major principles of Chinese medicine in treating tumors, which has better curative effect. Indications: early tumors and patients with good physique. Specific measures: clearing away heat and removing toxins, activating blood circulation and removing blood stasis, softening hardness and dispersing knots, resolving phlegm and expelling dampness, resolving turbidity and removing toxins, and attacking toxins with toxins. In conclusion: Evidence is a kind of basic pathological process which has not been recognized by western medicine, and TCM evidence-based treatment is the characteristic and advantage of TCM in treating diseases. By adjusting the balance of yin and yang of the patient and improving the immunity of the patient, evidence-based treatment can have the effect of treating tumors. Theoretical basis: Modern medicine has the knowledge of disease process, and the development of diagnostic technology of modern medicine makes it possible to clearly diagnose tumors occurring in various parts of the body, which is a major advantage of modern medicine in diagnosing and treating diseases. In recent years, Chinese medicine has also absorbed the disease identification treatment mode of western medicine in treating diseases. Therefore, the principle of modern Chinese medicine in treating tumors is to use some traditional Chinese medicines with anticancer effects for disease identification treatment on the basis of evidence identification treatment, which has shown that the combination of evidence identification and disease identification in treating tumors has a better therapeutic effect. In addition, whether esophageal cancer can be cured in the late stage is also closely related to the patient's physical function. Good physical function and strong immunity can resist the development of cancer and tolerate various kinds of drug treatments. Therefore, it is extremely important for esophageal cancer patients, especially those with advanced esophageal cancer, to improve their immune function and enhance their resistance to tumor. In terms of diet, patients with advanced esophageal cancer should try to eat more food that can enter into the esophagus, such as semi-fluid and full-fluid, and pay attention to the quality of semi-fluid and full-fluid, don't restrict the calories, and make the food rich in nutrition, soft and fine, easy to digest and absorb, and make homogenized meal if necessary. In addition, you can also rely on taking some of the traditional Chinese medicine that has the ability to invigorate blood circulation and eliminate blood stasis, and warm the yang and benefit the qi to improve the body's immunity. The headache problem is that severe patients usually cannot eat normally, while patients without serious swallowing difficulties should try to eat some semi-fluid or full-fluid food that can easily enter the esophagus and be easily digested, ensure the quality of food and nutritional matching, and make homogenized meal if necessary. Dietary principles for advanced esophageal cancer: 1. When choking occurs, patients should not swallow forcibly, otherwise it will stimulate bleeding, spreading, metastasis and pain of local cancer tissues. When choking is serious, patients should eat fluids or semi-fluids.2. Avoid eating cold fluids, and cold milk and egg soup which have been placed for a long time should not be drank, because the narrowed part of esophagus is sensitive to cold food. Because the narrowed part of the esophagus is very obvious to the cold food stimulation, which can easily cause esophageal spasm, nausea and vomiting, pain and distension and numbness and other sensations.3, can not eat spicy, hot, smelly stimulating food, because these foods can also cause esophageal spasm, so that the patient has discomfort. Patients who show mild dysphagia can be given semi-liquid food, which should be high in protein and calories and vitamins. To supplement vitamin C, tender leafy vegetables, eggplant and melon can be used to make crushed soft or puree. If swallowing difficulties are more serious, should be used to homogenize the meal, or viscous fluid food, such as baby rice flour paste, sesame paste, steamed egg custard, a variety of congee and so on. If conditions permit, homogenized mixed milk or elemental meal can be fed by nasal tube at an early stage to prevent malnutrition.4. For chemotherapy and radiotherapy patients with nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite and other gastrointestinal symptoms, which affects eating, high protein and low-fat food can be used, and the food can be cooked in a light and beautiful way, paying attention to the color and flavor. Difficulty in swallowing is the main symptom of esophageal cancer and also a serious problem for esophageal cancer patients in diet. Therefore, the basic requirements of diet for esophageal cancer patients are: thin, soft, fluid, high protein, vitamin, sugar and fat. Avoid eating cold, hot, pungent, spicy, stinky, fishy and irritating food. Dietary food for advanced esophageal cancer: (1) It is advisable to eat more food that can improve dysphagia, including crucian carp, carp, mussels, ossobuco chicken, pears, lychee, sugarcane, walnuts, leeks, garlic, persimmon cake, lotus root, frogs, lice, chicken crop, milk, goose blood, and asparagus. (2) It is advisable to eat more food with anti-esophageal cancer effect, such as kiwifruit, figs, shiitake mushrooms, mushrooms, golden broccoli, Job's tears, lozenges, oranges, apples, olives, agar, sandworms, jellyfish, water chestnuts, clams, sharks, turtles, turtle, and snappers. (3) Chest pain and chest tightness should eat leeks, marjoram, figs, almonds, orange cake, horseshoe crabs, eels, kiwi, capers, loach, honey. (4) Eat lychee, beans, persimmons, walnuts, sugar cane, apples, radish. (5) For constipation, honey, water chestnut, Brasenia schlegeli, jellyfish, mud snail, sea cucumber, fig, cereal, pine nuts, sesame, walnut, rabbit, mulberry, apple, peach. Dietary contraindications for advanced esophageal cancer: (1) Avoid smoking and alcohol. (2) Avoid moldy and polluted food. (3) Avoid spicy and stimulating food: pepper, chili, cinnamon and so on. (4) avoid smoked, pickled food containing nitrosamines. (5) avoid hard indigestible, rough food. (6) avoid overeating. I believe that as long as the patient's family can take care of the patient to maintain a balanced mentality, prolonged survival is not a problem, in addition, you can use traditional Chinese medicine to regulate, quickly improve the body's immune function.