Manchu and Mongolian flag people in old Beijing called jiaozi "Cooking Beans". No matter whether it is a rich family or a poor family, jiaozi must eat. According to the traditional custom of old Beijing, people eat big fish and meat on New Year's Eve, and after the New Year's Eve dinner, they start to chop stuffing and wrap jiaozi. After zero, they can't move their knives.
During the Spring Festival, jiaozi wants the whole family to be together, reflecting the unity and harmony of the family, and Qi Xin will work together. There are not only fillings in jiaozi, but also some washed coins and dates for good luck.
What old Beijing pays attention to is "jiaozi in the Five Watches", that is, eating in the morning of the first day of junior high school. On the fifth watch, jiaozi cooked the vegetarian stuffing and served it first. After the ceremony, the whole family set off firecrackers in the yard. Back in the house, the children kowtowed to the old man and got lucky money. After that, the whole family can get together and have a steaming "first bite of the New Year".
deep-fried meatballs
As mentioned in the book "Jingweier", there is a "job closely related to steaming steamed bread" in the Spring Festival eating in old Beijing, which is fried meatballs. There must be meatballs on the New Year's Eve, because meatballs symbolize family reunion. In the past, during the Spring Festival, families always paid New Year's greetings or received New Year's greetings. The meal time was not fixed, and there was not much time for cooking. Prepare meatballs in advance and serve them.
"Why are the vegetarian meatballs sold in the supermarket not delicious now?" Mr. Zhao Heng asked himself and answered, "Because I don't want to put parsley." Mr. Zhao said that delicious vegetarian meatballs must be filled with a lot of coriander, carrots, spiced powder and vermicelli, which are mixed into the noodles and fried and eaten now. Vegetarian meatballs are a typical "poor food", but they taste good. Mr. Zhao said that people's living standards were relatively low at that time, so they spared no effort to cook vegetarian dishes and coarse dishes. But this poor delicacy is hard to find now.
mutton
In ancient times, "sheep" was auspicious, so eating mutton was a very auspicious symbol. There is a habit of eating mutton all over the world. However, the unique mutton culture in China and Beijing can be called extensive and profound. The famous whole lamb mat has a total of *** 108 dishes, covering every part of the sheep. There are also many practices, such as stew, stew, rinse, explosion, burning, baking and so on. Each method has its own flavor and characteristics, and its nutritional components are not the same.
Mutton stew can ensure that nutrients are not lost to the maximum extent, and the nourishing effect is the best. When stewing the soup, stew some leg bones and spine bones for half an hour to form milky white soup, remove the soup bones, then put the washed mutton into the pot, add onion and ginger and stew with low fire. If you stew it in casserole, the flavor will be better.
Braised tofu
Braised tofu is a famous halal snack in old Beijing. Tofu is tender and smooth, and the soup is delicious and deeply loved by the people. Since the spread of "tofu" to Beijing, there have been more and more ways to eat it, and the taste of the combination of North and South has been improved. After hundreds of years of evolution, Beijing has formed its own characteristics. Especially in the middle and late Ming Dynasty, after the opening of "Liubiju" in Beijing, condiments were more abundant, and the snack "Fried Tofu with Bitter" appeared again, which has been passed down to this day through continuous improvement.
carp
Old Beijing has the custom of eating fish on New Year's Eve. Fish must be carp, originally in the name of offering sacrifices to gods, and later associated with the auspicious words of "auspicious celebration is more than enough". Fish is both a delicacy and a sacrifice.
Fried creasing box
Referred to as the tickle box, this is a snack in Beijing. Although some families make it themselves, especially during the New Year, they mainly buy it in snack bars. The tickle box is made of mung bean flour mixed with white flour, salt and spiced powder (or pepper), and it is made at home, and eggs can also be put in the dough. Some tickle boxes are added with shredded carrots and parsley, while others are rolled into rolls without anything, cut into sections and fried. Crispy and delicious, burnt but not greasy.
There are two kinds of tickle boxes, the big one is more common, and it used to be breakfast with sesame cakes. The small tickle box is exquisite and exquisite, and can be used to accompany wine, with Tongxian doing the best. Some people say that the creak box was produced earlier than Beijing.
New Year cake; rice cake
New Year's Cake-Eating New Year's Cake during the Spring Festival, "Righteously choose the year to win the year, so as to pray for the new year." It means that everything goes well every year. In the book Dialect written by Yang Xiong in Han Dynasty, the title of "Gao" was already popular in Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties. Jia Sixie's Qi Min Yao Shu recorded the production method. During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, rice cakes have developed into a perennial snack on the market, and there are differences between the north and the south. The rice cakes in old Beijing are supplied in large quantities by Muslim Hui snack bars during the Spring Festival. They are sacrifices used by the Manchu people to worship the gods. The Manchu name is Feishi Heiafeng.
night of the 15th of the first lunar month；Lantern Festival；yuanxiao
Lantern Festival-Lantern Festival, which Taoism calls "Shangyuan Festival". Eating Yuanxiao on the Lantern Festival means "reunion as the moon".
In the Ming Dynasty, Lantern Festival was very common in Beijing, and the practice was no different from today. During the reign of Kangxi in Qing Dynasty, "Eight Treasures Lantern Festival" and Ma Siyuan Lantern Festival prevailed in the ruling and opposition parties. In the early years of the Republic of China, Yuan Shikai ordered the ban on shouting Yuanxiao because it had the same pronunciation as "Yuan Xiao". In addition to glutinous rice noodles, there are glutinous sorghum noodles, yellow wheat and so on. The stuffing is sweet-scented osmanthus sugar, mountain slag sugar, assorted, bean paste, jujube paste and so on.
Doo sauce
Old Beijingers also eat "Doo sauce"-a cold dish made of skin, dried bean curd, soybeans, green beans, watercress, etc., which is amber in color and similar to "aspic". Generally speaking, Doo sauce is made with Doo sauce, but no one says it is made with Doo sauce. In the past, every household in old Beijing had to prepare this as soon as it was about to celebrate the New Year. It was a necessary cold dish for the New Year.
Mustard mound
Mustard mound is a traditional dish of Han nationality in old Beijing. There are many snacks and dishes lost in old Beijing, but the mustard mound is still preserved. First, this dish is so distinctive, and second, it is universal to use Chinese cabbage as raw material. Mustard pier is an authentic dish for ordinary people. When Chinese cabbage comes into the market in winter, many exquisite families in old Beijing have to make mustard pier. Especially during the Chinese New Year, eating greasy food for a change is the best. Mustard Dun is refreshing and delicious, and it is very popular among old Beijingers.
pagoda-shaped cake
Honey offering, also known as "honey offering tip", is a kind of noodle food in a Buddhist temple dedicated to the Buddha, which looks like a small tower and is dedicated to the sacrifice of the tip below. It varies in size and height, regardless of the weight. The top of this honey supply tip looks like a small gold pyramid, and the tips of the pyramid are inserted with flower-shaped signatures of "Fu", "Shou", "Lu", "Xi" and "Cai".
saqima
Saqima is a traditional cake in old Beijing, and its predecessor is a traditional cake of Manchu-Cuobao cake. Later, the cooked bean flour was replaced by white sugar, which became "sugar wrapped" and changed its name to Saqima.
assorted preserved fruits
Miscellaneous children are a symbol of good luck. One of the folk customs of Han festivals, which is popular in Beijing. Generally, there are three kinds of mixed children. The high-grade fine mixed children are candied mixed children made from fresh Xinger, peaches, dates, longan, litchi, hawthorn and lotus root slices. Mid-range miscellaneous children are also called coarse miscellaneous children, including dried pears, dried apples, dried persimmon strips, hawthorn strips, crisp dates, hazelnuts and peanuts. At the worst, it was called "Zazhua" in the old Beijing, and it was full of the meanest melon seeds, peanuts and crispy beans. It was thicker than coarse mixed food. When old Beijing is celebrating the New Year, every family must eat snacks when they are observing the New Year.
Eight big ones and eight small ones.
Beijingers pay attention to making a snack box and wrapping "big eight pieces" and "small eight pieces" during the Spring Festival. The former is exactly eight pieces a catty, which are blessed, blessed, longevity, happy and so on; The latter is more delicate, 16 pieces a catty, made into peach, apricot, pomegranate, apple and other fruit shapes, and colored. This is also for the convenience of placing-each plate is the same, two pieces of each sample, for four or eight plates, just one catty.
Earlier, old Beijingers didn't call dim sum dim sum dim sum, but called it "Bobo". I don't know since when the cake shops in old Beijing have disappeared, but the "Daoxiang Village" originally from the south has become a Beijing snack.
wine
Wine is definitely indispensable for Chinese New Year.
The wine is half full of tea, but the wine is full. Don't fill the tea. Everyone who drinks knows that it is full. In the past, I was particular about drinking and scalding wine at New Year's Eve, which was called screening wine.
Beijingers like to drink Erguotou. In the past, there was another emphasis on drinking during the Chinese New Year. The family should be full. When the Chinese New Year is over, you should open the whole bottle, usually drink a little wine, and get the whole bottle during the Chinese New Year, which is a little high-end. The people feel very happy. It's different now. Now pick whatever you want.