There are three kinds of blueberry cultivation, namely high bush blueberry, low bush blueberry and rabbit eye blueberry. Among them, high-bush blueberries are divided into three categories: northern high-bush blueberries, southern high-bush blueberries and semi-high-bush blueberries. Dwarf blueberries and semi-tall blueberries are suitable for planting in temperate cold regions, northern high blueberries and some semi-tall blueberries are suitable for planting in warm temperate regions, and rabbit-eye blueberries and southern high blueberries are suitable for planting in subtropical regions.
Blueberries are shrubs, each cluster should have 25-30 fruiting branches, which will blossom and bear fruit in the next year, but the yield is small. In the third year, they have an appropriate output. In the fifth year, it entered the high-yield period, with a life span of 50 years, an average yield of 3-6 kilograms per plant and an average fruit weight of 2 grams. Generally, about 300 plants are planted per mu, and the average yield is 1500-2000 kg.
Blueberries are adaptable and like acidic soil. Generally, the pH value of soil is required to be 4.5-5.5. The soil should be soft, the organic matter content is generally 8%- 12%, and it likes to be wet and has poor drought resistance. Its main variety is high-bush blueberry, with a plant height of about 2 meters, which can withstand the low temperature of -25-30℃, and the general value is 330 plants per mu; Semi-high cluster blueberry, plant height 1.0- 1.2m, low temperature tolerance of -35-38℃, generally 330 plants per mu; Dwarf blueberries, with a plant height of 0.5 meters, can withstand low temperature above -40℃, and generally yield 500-800 plants per mu, which is suitable for cold cultivation. Blueberry seedling raising techniques can adopt root tiller propagation, root strip propagation, cutting propagation and tissue culture propagation.
Fungal diseases, bacterial diseases and nematodes are the causes of blueberry diseases. China is a newly introduced and cultivated area, and the occurrence of pests and diseases is less.
Blueberry fruit is berry-shaped, and has strong storage resistance. Fresh fruits in small packages (small food boxes) can be stored for 2 weeks at the indoor room temperature of 18-26℃ without changing their original flavor. If stored at low temperature, its shelf life will be longer, and it can be stored for about 3 months under controlled atmosphere.
Summary of domestic blueberry nursery stock and blueberry fresh fruit prices in 2006;
The subscription price of domestic blueberry seedlings (except in Northeast China) is at the price level of 1 year in 30 yuan, 2 years in 40 yuan and 3 years in 50 yuan.