The operation points of processing dried jujube are as follows:
(1) raw material selection: choose fresh and ripe, fruit big nuclear small, thin skin, flesh fat and dense, high sugar raw materials for processing. Suitable for dry processing of jujube varieties are golden jujube, chicken heart jujube, round bell jujube, phase jujube, zanhuang jujube, wood jujube and so on. Processing dry jujube should be harvested when fully ripe, at this time the jujube skin color purple-red, glossy, elastic, low water content, high rate of drying; if the harvest is too early, because the fruit is not fully ripe, dry jujube surface gloss is poor, hard and thin meat. Due to the date fruit skin is thin, brittle flesh, it is easy to form in the picking and transportation of internal injuries, so in the harvest do not knock, shake the tree, to try to pick by hand, to do light picking, light put.
(2) picking, grading: to pick and remove the pests and diseases of jujube, broken jujube and wind fall jujube, etc.. According to the size of the date fruit, maturity grading.
(3) hot blanching: the fresh jujube will be loaded into the basket, and first blanch and bleach it in boiling water for 5 to 10 minutes, and then cool it down quickly with cold water immediately after the skin of the fruit is a little soft.
(4) drying treatment: drying treatment has sunshine system and artificial drying two kinds. Sun system more in the open space of the date garden set up a wooden frame, the upper side of the reed mat, will be spread on the reed mat date sun system. As the date is more in the fall around the end of September, so in the process of solarization during the day to use wooden stick turning, the night to the date collected into a pile, covered with reed mat [source: www.cyonE.com.cn/], to prevent the dew wet jujube, if the rain, it is necessary to the jujube cover, in order to prevent the jujube rot. Exposed to the sun for 5 to 10 days, can be made into dry jujube. Artificial drying is after hot bleaching red dates into the drying room gradually heating and drying, first of all make the date fruit heating to 35 ℃ ~ 40 ℃, about 6 ~ 8 hours, then force pressure date fruit, date fruit surface will appear wrinkles; continue to warm up the drying temperature of 55 ℃ ~ 60 ℃, keep 6 ~ 10 hours, a lot of water evaporation; and then make the drying temperature of 65 ℃ ~ 70 ℃, and then slowly drop to 50 ℃, that is the completion of the drying temperature. Keep 6 ~ 8 hours, that is, to complete the drying. Drying temperature should not exceed 70 ℃, the temperature is too high will make the red dates in the sugar and other organic matter due to high temperature and decomposition, caramelization, taste bitter and other changes. After the artificial drying of jujube fruit must be ventilated to dissipate heat, such as cooling before stacking. Otherwise, it may make jujube with sour flavor, and in serious cases, it will be corrupted and spoiled.
(5) soften: just dried jujube dry products inside and outside the moisture is not uniform, need to stack 15 ~ 20 days to soften, make moisture balance. Soften the method is in the warehouse will red dates stacked about 1 meter high, every square meter vertical bunch of straw, in order to facilitate heat ventilation. Back to soften should pay attention to check, in order to prevent heat, fermentation, insect and rodent hazards. If necessary, it should be inverted.
(6) grading and packaging: usually using visual and hand-measured methods for grading. The same package should be uniform in size, color and luster, no breakage and disability, and then loaded into a certain size of plastic bags as needed.