Cow hoof rot is a dyskinesia disease with skin and soft tissue rotting and smelly, dermal necrosis and suppuration, dyskeratosis and painful claudication between hoofs. Foot rot is also called foot rot, toe rot, infectious dermatitis, cellulitis or necrotizing dermatitis. Adding Ruyikang or Kangzhiyuan for feeding has a good effect.
First, the cause of the disease
1. Opinions on the cause of cattle hoof rot are still not completely consistent. Most scholars believe that anaerobic necrotizing enteritis is the main cause of the disease, but Corynebacterium pyogenes, other suppurative bacteria and Bacteroides nodosum can be found in infected tissue smears besides Clostridium, treponema rotundus and virus.
2. Environmental factors
(1), hoof ball injury, hoof ulcer, dermatitis, cutin elongation, etc. It can cause the disease and promote the double infection of Corynebacterium pyogenes and other pyogenic bacteria.
(2) In rainy and humid seasons, feces and urine accumulate in barns and sports fields, and the ground is muddy, and sludge adheres around the hoof crown or between the hoofs, forming an anoxic state, which is another main cause of the disease.
(3) Dairy cows suffer from long-term malnutrition, improper feeding management (untimely hoof trimming and untimely cleaning of stables), and the body's resistance decreases, and the incidence of cow hoof rot will gradually increase.
(4) There is a certain relationship between hoof disease and heredity. According to the theory, the heritability range of hoof disease is 0.09-0.3 1, generally 0. 15-0.22(distl, 1990). Hoof shape is also related to heredity.
Second, symptoms
At the time of examination, the lesion site showed obvious acute cellulitis, and the skin between the hoof and the crown of the hoof was congested, red and swollen, sometimes necrotic or had superficial ulcers, the secretion smelled bad, and some hoofs had bad granulation tissue hyperplasia. The horny part of the sole of the hoof is black, and it feels painful when knocking, and dirty ash or dirty black and smelly pus flows out when repairing the hoof; If the lesion expands upward, it can become purulent flexor tenosynovitis and purulent arthritis, sometimes the cutin dissolves, the hoof dermis proliferates excessively, granulation protrudes from the sole of the hoof, and abscess and pain will occur when the ball joint is infected and inflamed; If the disease worsens, some sick cows can't afford to lie down, and there will be systemic symptoms, such as fever, loss of appetite, emaciation and reduced milk production.
The skin between the whole hooves can be necrotic or superficial ulcer appears, and the affected limb can't bear the weight or the limbs alternately bear the weight, which is manifested as limping, kneeling or lying on the ground, and one or more limbs are in severe pain.
Third, diagnosis
Niu Yi's limb or multi-limb claudication, skin congestion and edema between the hoof and the crown of the hoof, and foul pus at the bottom of the hoof are the main features, but it should be differentiated from suppurative dermatitis, suppurative dermatitis, foot-and-mouth disease and acute traumatic limb-hoof claudication.
Fourth, treatment.
According to the course of disease, injury site and systemic reaction, hoof treatment was given, supplemented by systemic treatment.
1, hoof treatment: after the hoof is cleaned, debrided or trimmed to remove putrefaction and pus, it is cleaned with 0.5% potassium permanganate solution or 0. 1‰ bromogeramine, and then with 10% ~ 20% copper sulfate solution or 5% ~ 10% formalin. 654.38 million units of penicillin, 50 ml of cod liver oil and 5 ml of distilled water were made into emulsion, and cotton balls were dipped in the affected area; Mix 20 ml of turpentine and 20 ml of cod liver oil evenly, and dip the affected area with a cotton ball; 95g of potassium permanganate powder and 50g of sulfanilamide are ground into fine powder and applied to the affected part; Dip the affected area with 3 ml turpentine, 5 ml cellophane and 100 ml castor oil (or cod liver oil).
2. Mix lead acetate solution 128 ml, copper sulfate 64 g and acetic acid 500 ml, and inject the solution 1 ~ 2 times into the affected part. If the ulcer does not heal for a while, grind it into powder and apply it to the ulcer surface of the affected area, then burn it lightly with a soldering iron to melt the dragon's blood to form a protective film, and wrap it with a bandage for external use, and treat it every 3 ~ 5 days. Keep the hoof clean and dry after treatment. The affected part was bandaged with 10% ichthyol bandage.
3. When there is an ulcer hole in the sole of the hoof, rinse it with 5% hydrogen peroxide first, then mix it with "Butiao Ointment" and anti-inflammatory powder and apply it to the swollen part, then fill the ulcer part with cotton ball dipped in ointment, once a day 1 ~ 2 times, and it will be cured after 7 days.
4. If the affected cattle have systemic symptoms, sulfonamides or other antibiotics should be injected intravenously or intramuscularly in time, such as 2 million units of penicillin, 2 million to 3 million units of streptomycin, saline for injection 10 ~ 20 ml, intramuscular injection 1 time, 2 ~ 3 times a day; At the same time, antipyretic and analgesic drugs should be given according to the condition until the inflammation is eliminated; For cows that can't afford to lie down, we should do a good job of nursing to prevent secondary infection.
Verb (short for verb) prevention
For the prevention and treatment of the disease, we should mainly strengthen the daily feeding management. Combined with our on-site prevention experience, the author believes that prevention should be carried out from the following aspects:
(1), cowshed and sports ground should be clean and dry, regularly remove dirt, scour cowshed and cow bed, regularly disinfect, strengthen the management of sports ground, and timely remove foreign bodies that may cause damage to cow's hoof, such as bricks, stones, wire heads and glass fragments.
(2) In rainy and hot seasons, the cow's hooves should be soaked with 10% copper sulfate solution regularly for about 10 minutes each time, and the cowshed should be kept as dry as possible and ventilated.
(3) Trim cattle hoofs regularly, reduce the inducement of hoof rot, isolate and treat cases in time, strengthen nursing to prevent cross infection, observe cattle carefully and find sick cattle in time.