The method of keeping eels
1, the construction of eel pool. The eel has a strong adaptability to the environment, and some of the abandoned water bodies that are not suitable for breeding other fish and not suitable for planting crops, puddles and ponds can be used as eel pools. You can also choose to build an eel pond with sufficient water and ventilation to the sun. Eel pool to the east and west of the rectangular preferred, pool depth of about 1 meter, depending on the size of the breeding scale, generally 20 to 50 square meters is appropriate. The bottom of the pool, the walls and the gaps around the eel pool must be plugged tightly to prevent eels from escaping. Eel pool must have a water inlet, outlet, overflow, used to drain water, water and prevent heavy rain when the pool water rises escape fish. Each water outlet must be installed to stop fish facilities. In order to facilitate the growth of eels, the natural environment can be artificially imitated for eels to live in, such as putting stones, roots or planting floating lotus and other aquatic plants in the pool.
2, eel seedling selection and stocking. At present, the eel seedling of artificial culture, mainly from the market to buy, their own capture or collection of eel fertilized eggs artificially incubated into eel seedling. Selected eel fry stocking, must be injury-free, disease-free, robust, smooth body surface, body color golden-yellow for the best, generally choose about 30 tails per kilogram specifications of eel fry, if the eel fry specifications are too small, it will affect its feeding and weight gain, can not be harvested in the same year, the eel fry stocking must be neat specifications, the size of the same, otherwise it will be competing for food and self-murder. Stocking density, each square meter can be stocked 25 grams of eel fry about 100 tails. Early spring eel seedling stocking effect is better, is conducive to the eel early food, extend the growth period.
3, artificial baiting. Eel is mainly carnivorous omnivorous fish, bait sources. Such as small fish and shrimp, earthworms, animal offal and scraps, tadpoles, silkworm pupae, snail meat, rice, melon skin, vegetable scraps and so on. Eel feeding should adhere to the timing, positioning, quality and quantity feeding. That is: generally feeding eels after dusk, set up a fixed location for eel food field feeding, eel feeding at a fixed point, easy for us to observe the eel eating situation and clean up the residual bait; put the bait must be fresh, live bait; daily feeding bait amount of about 6% of the weight of the eel, feeding according to the day before the eel eating situation to make the appropriate adjustments to the feeding of the slightly left over for the appropriate. Feeding eels, can not be more or less, when the casting time to stop, otherwise it will affect the growth of eels.
4, daily management. In addition to doing a good job of baiting, the focus is to prevent eels from escaping, improve water quality, and do a good job of summer and winterization:
1 anti-escape. Often check and repair the eel pool escape prevention device. Rainy days, especially heavy rain, timely drainage, to prevent eels from escaping from the drainage holes.
2 water quality management. Keep the pool water stable, fresh water, eel pool water depth of 15-25 centimeters, the high temperature season can be deepened pool water, sudden changes in the weather rain or sunny days into the rain and hot weather, to inject new water in a timely manner, to prevent eels from lack of oxygen frequently floating head, adhere to the regular change of water, the high temperature season must be changed every day, and clean up the remnants of the food in a timely manner.
3 do a good job of summer and winterization, eel growth of the appropriate water temperature is 15-28 ℃, 28 ℃ above the feeding has a negative impact, so we must do a good job in the high temperature season to prevent heat, eel pool around the planting of shade crops; often change the pool of water in a timely manner into the well water or spring water, such as the temperature difference can not be too big a difference. Water temperature below 10 ℃, eels in a dormant state, so when the temperature drops to 15 ℃ or so, that should be fed to the eel quality bait, so that eels can eat a lot of storage nutrients for hibernation. When the eels hibernate, pay attention to keep the mud warm, warm. Prevent eels from frostbite, frostbite. In addition, attention should be paid to prevent the harm of rats and so on.
High-yield eel farming techniques
Eel pool construction
Choose a place with sufficient water, convenient drainage and irrigation, non-polluting water quality, sheltered from the wind and the sun, eel pools are best for the oval or tangent rectangle, each pool to 15-30m2 is good, the bottom of the pool with bricks or stone mortar, cement hooks and seams, the top of the pool side wall made of the "T" type, the new pool was built, the top of the pool was made of the "T" type, the top of the pool, the top of the pool, the top of the pool was made of the "T" type. After the new pool was built, it was soaked in water for a week, and then added 30-40cm of soil. Weeks before the release of seedlings with 0.2 kg per square lime disinfection, water depth of 20-30 cm, and laying water peanuts, covering 20%, water peanuts into the pool, pay attention to the disinfection, and then rinse with water.
Water supply and drainage system
In order to ensure that micro-flow eel farming with sufficient water, in the infrastructure, to excavate the sedimentation tank, cistern each one. Sedimentation pond 2 to 5 acres, cistern 1 to 2 acres, two pools are land, you can also use the fish pond instead. In order to ensure that the temperature of the water, depending on the scale of breeding to build a thermoregulation pool. Breeding pool inlet and outlet installed relative to the outlet, the outlet should be installed in the pool at the lowest point, the overflow is located at the bottom of the pool from 30cm. Inlet and outlet are equipped with a ball valve switch, drain and overflow are anti-escape fence. The total drainage channel is connected to the drainage outlet and overflow outlet, and the sedimentation tank is connected to the bottom. In normal operation, the required breeding water is pumped into the temperature control pool by the reservoir, and the warm water is introduced into the eel pools by the water pump or natural drop through the inlet pipe, and then discharged into the general drainage pipe from the eel pool into the sedimentation tank, and then returned to the circle after self-purification treatment in the sedimentation tank. Of course, the use of water back to the circle to prevent cross-infection and secondary pollution problems, in the case of special circumstances need to be discharged to the outer waters of the wastewater.
Preparation of eel fry
At present, artificial breeding of eel fry is not yet common, and eel fry for aquaculture is still mainly wild fry. Eel fry should be selected from the cage catch without injury is good, in the selection of seedlings pay attention to the selection of the back side of the dark yellow, with black-brown spots or yellow neck of the eel fry, specifications in the 20 ~ 30 tails / kg, such as if it is a temporary fattening, should be purchased more than 150g per tail of the adult eel is good.
Seedling stocking
Wild eel seedlings often have pathogenic bacteria or parasites on the surface of the body, so the stocking needs to be sterilized by the bath before stocking, the stocking quantity is controlled at 5~8kg/square metre, the same pool of eel seedling should be the same specification, avoid mixing the size of the stocking, such as can't be put in the one-time full of eel seedling, the latter batch of eel seedling into the pool needs to be dedicated to a period of time to raise a temporary pond and then the pool. In addition, in order to remove the residual bait, can be a small amount of mixed loach.
Feed placement
Eel fry are picky about bait, preferring live earthworms, small fish and shrimp. But in normal production, such a large amount of fresh bait is difficult to ensure the supply, must be tamed. In tame food, available earthworm paste mixed with turtle bait or eel bait, made of granular bait feeding, tame food success, and gradually use artificial bait. Baiting should be strictly in accordance with the "four" requirements of feeding. Of course, if you can artificially breed earthworms, earthworms as bait is also possible.
Disease control
Because of the high yield, the density of the corresponding increase in the number of diseases, pay attention to the observation, to do "early treatment of disease, no disease first prevention" principle. Disease prevention regularly sprinkled antibacterial drugs, generally half a month with 0.1ppm bleach sprinkled throughout the pool, the bait regularly mixed with antibiotics, to improve resistance, found that the parasitic diseases with trichlorfon mixed bait feeding or sprinkled throughout the pool. Disease control is especially important in aquaculture, as long as the scientific feeding management, the economic benefits will be significantly improved.
Daily management
Eel species into the pool should be bait domestication to ensure that its fixed point, time, quality and quantity, to achieve scientific feeding, the general daily feeding amount of eels 6-10% of body weight, or with the feed 4-6% once every two days, the daily feeding with the rise in temperature and improve. As a result of feeding, water quality is very easy to deteriorate, 20 ℃ below the general water change once a week, high temperature 1-2 days that is, a water change, timely fishing residual bait, sewage, timely injection of water to elevate the water level, not more than 30cm, the water change to pay attention to the difference between the temperature can not be more than 5 ℃, citing the outside of the river water should be filtered with a sieve, to prevent the invasion of hostile organisms, the amount of water added to not more than 1/4 of the original pool water, to timely and good shading work! The water should not exceed 1/4 of the original pool water, and the shade work should be done in time to avoid the direct sunlight.