Ming Shizong Zhu Houzhong (September 16, 1507 - January 23, 1567), born in Anlu Prefecture, the chief administrative office of Hubei Province (present-day Zhongxiang, Hubei), was the grandson of Emperor Xianzong of the Ming Dynasty, the nephew of Emperor Xiaozong of the Ming Dynasty, the son of King Zhu Yewing, the Olive Vendor of Xingxian, and the cousin of Emperor Wuzong of the Ming Dynasty.
The eleventh emperor of the Ming Dynasty, he reigned from Zhengde 16 (1521) to Jiajing 45 (1566), with the reign name Jiajing.
On April 20, 1521, the 16th year of Zhengde, Emperor Wuzong of the Ming Dynasty died. Since Wuzong died without an heir, Empress Dowager Zhang (the mother of Emperor Wuzong of the Ming Dynasty) and Yang Tinghe, the head of the Cabinet, decided that Zhu Houjun, a close branch of the royal family and a cousin of Emperor Wuzong, would succeed to the throne.
Ju Houjian, at the beginning of his reign, gradually took control of the throne through the Great Rites of Passage. In the early days of his reign, he was wise and harsh, strict to manage the officials, wide to rule the people, rectify the dynasty, reduce the burden, revitalize the national government, created the situation of Jiajing Zhongxing, and laid the foundation for the new policy of Longqing and the reforms of Zhang Juzheng, and the reforms of Jialongwang.
The late Taoism, favoring Yan Song and others, leading to political corruption. In the 21st year of the Jiajing period (1542), the "Imjin Palace Mutiny" almost killed a palace maid, and since then, Emperor Shizong of the Ming Dynasty ignored the government for a long time, and was superstitious about Taoist priests and wasted the people's energy, which eventually provoked the peasants to revolt.
At the same time, the Mongolian Tartar I-Ta Khan invaded the border, and in 1550, the soldiers came to Beijing, which was called the "Gengxu Rebellion"; the Japanese also invaded the southeastern coast of China, and the "southern Japanese and northern captives" were always in trouble, which caused a great deal of negative impact.
Ming Shizong was a smart man, especially in calligraphy and rhetoric have good attainments. At the same time is also particularly sensitive, but also very diligent, reading and approving the vote often to the second half of the night.
Jiajing forty-five years (1566) Jiajing Emperor in Qianqing Palace died at the age of 60. Temple name of Emperor Shizong, posthumous name of Chintian Cudao Yingyi sacred Xuanwen Guangwu Hongren Da Xiao Su Emperor. He was buried in the Yongling Mausoleum in Beijing, and his third son, Zhu Zai listening.
Expanded Information:
Emperor Jiajing's life events are introduced:
1, the Great Ceremonial Controversy
The Great Ceremonial Controversy refers to a political debate on the issue of the imperial lineage that took place between the sixteenth year of Zhengde (1521) and the third year of Jiajing (1524), the reason being that Emperor Shizong of Ming Dynasty took a local vassal king to the throne to change his parents for him. The issue was caused by the second incident in the history of the Ming dynasty in which a minor clan entered the throne of a major clan.
Ming Shizong soon ascended the throne with Yang Tinghe, Mao Cheng, headed by Ming Wuzong's old ministers on who to Shizong Huangkao (i.e., patriarchal sense of the test), as well as Shizong biological father of the title of the issue of controversy and struggles to the head of the Cabinet, Yang Tinghe, headed by the "" heir "" demanded that the Shizong to change his parents.
Then Zhang Zong, a scholar in the government, criticized the court officials for their mistakes and put forward the theory of "succession". In the third year of the Jiajing reign (1524), the debate ended when King Sejong decided on a grand ceremony.
At the heart of the Great Ceremony was a major debate over whether Emperor Shizong could change his parents, i.e., how to interpret the posthumous edict of Emperor Wuzong. The incident of the Great Ceremony was a major event in the history of the Ming Dynasty.
In the Grand Ceremonial, Zhang Zong used the posthumous edict of Emperor Ming Wuzong as a sharp weapon to break the court deliberations manipulated by Yang Tinghe, and safeguarded the father-son relationship between Emperor Shizong of the Ming Dynasty and the King of Xingxian of the Ming Dynasty by rationally interpreting the textual logic and content of the posthumous edict of Emperor Wuzong of the Ming Dynasty.
Foiled the attempt of Yang Tinghe and his dependents to force Emperor Ming Shizong to change his parents in accordance with the old Han and Song rules despite the fact that he had succeeded to the throne, ensured the dignity of the law and political order of the Ming Dynasty, and thus created a new situation for the reform of the Jialongwandai.
2, renyin palace mutiny
Renyin palace mutiny, also known as the courtesan regicide, is the Ming dynasty Jiajing years, by the courtesans intend to kill the Emperor Jiajing of the Ming Shizong an event. It was called the Imjin Palace Incident because it took place in the year of Jiajing's Imjin.
The Jiajing Emperor, in his quest for immortality, wanted to become immortal by "sucking the wind and drinking the dew". In the garden can be planted banana plants, every morning, broad leaves must be covered with manna, morning dry mouth that is, suck a number of slices, you can feel sweet and refreshing, and have prolonged life. Jiajing emperor for the collection of manna to drink, the day order the court ladies to the imperial garden in the early morning that is picking dew, resulting in a large number of court ladies because of the exhaustion and illness.
Jiajing twenty-one years (1542), Yang Jinying and other dozens of courtesans to take advantage of the Jiajing emperor asleep, with yellow silk cloth to the Jiajing emperor's neck set, and then pull with their hands, attempting to kill the Jiajing emperor. And then, because of the dead knot, can not kill Jiajing Emperor, so again with hairpin, hairpin and other objects stabbed at Jiajing Emperor.
At this time one of the timid palace maid reported to Empress Fang out of fear. Empress Fang arrived, the court ladies subdued, and ordered the death of death by lynching, the first offender death by lynching, and nine clans. Moreover, even served the Jiajing emperor of the end of the concubine, Wang Ning concubine also beheaded.
The Imjin palace mutiny is a unique uprising of the palace women in Chinese history.