Cordyceps sinensis is cultivated with silkworm bodies and Cordyceps strains. If the conditions are suitable, Cordyceps sinensis can grow in 4-5 days, and it will take about 6 days until the end of harvesting. If the three-dimensional shelf culture is carried out in a room of 1 square meters, once in spring and autumn, 2-4 kilograms of dried Cordyceps can be produced each year, and each kilogram can be sold at a minimum of 2, yuan. Excluding the expenses of purchasing strains and silkworms, each kilogram can make a profit in 1 yuan, and the annual income can be about 2,-4, yuan.
1. Main raw materials
1. Cordyceps strains: The mother and original strains of Cordyceps militaris can be purchased from professional scientific research units or manufacturers for direct use, or can be used for production after testing.
2. Live silkworms: 3-4 years old silkworms with robust growth and uniform length and thickness should be selected. Can be purchased from silkworm farms, silkworm farmers, or buy silkworm eggs to reproduce themselves.
3. Anti-fouling agent special for Cordyceps sinensis: it is an anti-fouling additive for seed production and cultivation, mainly used in culture medium to enhance anti-fouling ability.
4. Special disinfectant for live silkworms: used for disinfection of live silkworms, so as to prevent mixed bacteria pollution caused by bacteria carried on the silkworms.
2. Production of Cordyceps strains
1. Preparation of culture medium: 9% of rice, 4% of silkworm pupa powder, 2% of peptone, 2% of glucose, .2% of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, .1% of magnesium sulfate, 11 mg of vitamin B1, .3% ~ 5% of special antifouling agent for Cordyceps sinensis, pH 7, and the ratio of material to water is 1: 1. Silkworm pupa powder is the powder ground by drying or drying edible silkworm pupa or cocoon after spinning.
Weigh 3-5g of rice according to the proportion of the above culture medium formula, put it into a polypropylene plastic bag or jar with a thickness of more than .5mm and a size of 15cm× 25cm, then weigh 1-2g of silkworm chrysalis powder into a plastic bag (bottle) filled with rice, and then prepare a nutrient solution, that is, put glucose, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, magnesium sulfate, vitamin B1, etc. into water according to the ratio of material to water. Weighing nutrient solution, adding it into a plastic bag (bottle) filled with rice and silkworm pupa powder, sealing the mouth of the plastic bag (bottle), soaking and pre-wetting for 2-3 hours, transferring it into a common aluminum (iron) pot, an atmospheric sterilization pot or an autoclave with a proper amount of water for sterilization, keeping it for 1-2 hours when the temperature reaches 1℃, stopping heating when it is steamed into a rice block, and inoculating strains after it is cooled.
2. Inoculation and culture: put the articles used for inoculation, inoculation strains, culture media and other articles that are easy to cause pollution into the inoculation room, and disinfect them for 3 minutes according to the conventional method or with aerosol disinfectant. When inoculating, wipe and disinfect the surface of the mother and original seeds of Cordyceps sinensis with 75% alcohol, etc., then dig the seeds into finger-sized blocks with sterilized inoculation hooks or tweezers, and inoculate 2-3 pieces of seeds. If the seeds are sufficient, the amount of seeds can be appropriately increased. After inoculation, the mouth should be pricked as soon as possible, and it should be moved into the culture room for shading culture. The optimum temperature is about 18℃, the mycelium begins to germinate in about 1 day of culture, and it begins to eat in about 2 days. The growth of mycelium should be checked in 7 ~ 1 days. When the temperature is low, it should be raised, and when the temperature is higher than 25℃, it should be cooled or ventilated. Mycelia can grow in plastic bags (bottles) in about 2 ~ 3 days under the condition of suitable temperature, and the grown strains can be used or stored in a lower temperature room.
III. Technical methods
1. Disinfection of silkworm body: firstly, the special disinfectant for silkworm body is dissolved in clean cold water at a dosage of 2%, stirred repeatedly, and after it is completely dissolved, the live silkworm is put into the disinfectant, disinfected, fished out, drained, moved into the cultivation room together with the strains, and inoculated for cultivation after disinfection.
2. cultivation method of cordyceps sinensis: during cultivation, it should be disinfected according to the requirements and methods of inoculation, and the strains should be dug up with disinfection tools and spread on the sterilized plastic film, covered and tightly pressed around. This method can adopt the plane method or the shelf bed cultivation method, and keep the temperature at 2 ~ 22℃ for about 1 days, so that all the cordyceps hyphae can infect the worms. When the worms start to harden, the silkworm worms can be picked out and put in sterilized plastic films or plastic bags (bottles) for moisturizing cultivation, and according to the growth situation, appropriate temperature, humidity, light, ventilation and temperature difference can be given according to the conventional cordyceps cultivation management methods. The sterilized silkworm body can also be mixed with strains in plastic bags (bottles) and cultured until it is infected by hyphae. Then pick them out and put them in sterilized plastic bags (bottles). When the stroma grows about 7 ~ 8 cm, it can be harvested. During harvesting, the stroma should be prevented from separating from the insect body, and the harvested Cordyceps should be dried or dried and stored in a closed plastic bag.