(2) Lubricating laxatives? It can lubricate the intestinal wall, soften the stool, make the stool easy to discharge, and is convenient to use, such as kaisai dew, mineral oil or liquid paraffin.
(3) salt laxatives? Such as magnesium sulfate, magnesium emulsion, etc., can cause serious adverse reactions and should be used with caution in clinic.
(4) osmotic laxatives? Commonly used drugs are lactulose, sorbitol and polyethylene glycol 4000. It is suitable for fecal impaction or temporary treatment of chronic constipation, and is a better choice for constipation patients with poor curative effect of volumetric laxatives.
(5) Irritating laxatives? Include anthraquinone-containing plant laxatives (rhubarb, rat skin, senna leaf, aloe), phenolphthalein, castor oil, diester, etc. Stimulating laxatives should only be used when volumetric laxatives and salt laxatives are ineffective, and some of them have strong medicinal properties and are not suitable for long-term use. Long-term use of anthraquinone laxatives can cause colon depression or laxative colon, cause smooth muscle atrophy and nerve plexus injury between intestinal muscles, but aggravate constipation, which can be reversed after stopping taking drugs.
(6) Combustion improver? Mosapride and itopride can promote gastrointestinal peristalsis, and probabilide can selectively act on colon, which can be selected according to the situation.
Prevention 1. Avoid eating too little or too carefully, lack of residue, and reduce the stimulation to colon movement.
2. Avoid disturbing defecation habits: constipation is prone to occur due to mental factors, changes in life patterns, and excessive fatigue during long-distance travel.
3. Avoid abuse of laxatives: abuse of laxatives will weaken the sensitivity of the intestine, form dependence on some laxatives, and cause constipation.
4. Arrange life and work reasonably, so as to combine work and rest. Appropriate cultural and sports activities, especially abdominal muscle exercise, are conducive to the improvement of gastrointestinal function, which is more important for sedentary and highly focused mental workers.
5. Develop good defecation habits, defecate regularly every day, form conditioned reflex, and establish good defecation rules. Don't ignore when defecating, defecate in time. The environment and posture of defecation should be as convenient as possible, so as not to inhibit defecation and destroy defecation habits.
6. It is suggested that patients drink at least 6 cups of 250 ml water every day, exercise moderately, and develop the habit of defecation regularly (twice a day, each time 15 minutes). After waking up and eating, the action potential activity of the colon is enhanced, pushing feces to the distal end of the colon, so morning and after eating are the easiest time to defecate.
7. Timely treatment of anal fissure, perianal infection, adnexitis and other diseases, laxatives should be used with caution, and strong stimulation methods such as intestinal lavage should not be used.