Water intoxication is when the total amount of water ingested by the body greatly exceeds the amount of water excreted, so that water is retained in the body, causing a decrease in plasma osmolality and an increase in circulating blood volume.

The World Health Organization's 2003 drinking water standards are, in a 25 degree Celsius environment, without any exercise in a quiet state, the human daily water intake are: children 1 liters, adult men 2.9 liters, adult women 2.2 liters, pregnant women to reach 4.8 liters, lactating women 3.3 liters.

In the case of high temperature or strong physical labor, different groups of people to increase the standard of drinking water to 4.5 liters / day. Beyond this range there is a risk of water intoxication, which occurs when you drink up to three liters of water in a single gulp over a short period of time.

Expanded:

p>Many people enjoy cool water or cold drinks in the summer. Too low a temperature will make the gastrointestinal mucosa cold stimulation, so that the original open capillaries suddenly contraction, causing smooth muscle spasm, thus causing gastrointestinal discomfort or even diarrhea.

On the contrary, some people like to drink very hot water is also not right. Because too hot food will hurt the oral cavity and esophageal mucosa, long-term eating hot food or drinking too hot water will stimulate the mucosa to proliferate, increasing the risk of esophageal cancer.

Therefore, drinking water should not be too cold or too hot. It is best to drink warm water at 35℃ to 40℃, because this temperature is the most comfortable temperature for the stomach and intestines

Baidu Encyclopedia - Water Poisoning