European-style architecture. Most architects think of various famous European architectural styles. Below, Zhongda Consulting has compiled relevant information on European architectural styles for architects. European-style architecture is a general term. European style emphasizes the use of gorgeous decoration, strong colors, and exquisite shapes to achieve a graceful and luxurious decorative effect. Types include Gothic architecture, Baroque architecture, French Classical architecture, Ancient Roman architecture, Classical Revival architecture, Romanesque architecture, Renaissance, Romanticism, and Eclecticism.
After inquiring about relevant information, Zhongda Consulting found that the basic styles of European architectural styles are divided into Romanesque architectural style, Gothic architectural style, Renaissance architecture, Baroque architecture, Rococo architecture, etc. Various European architectural styles. The specific content is as follows:
European architectural style - Romanesque architecture
1. Romanesque architecture (English: Romanesque architecture) (also known as Romanesque architecture, Roman style architecture, Roman-like architecture Architecture, etc.) is a European architectural style from the late 10th century to the early 12th century. It is named after the use of ancient Roman-style coupons and arches. It is often found in monasteries and churches, giving people a majestic and solemn impression. It had a great influence on later Gothic architecture.
"Roman" means "Roman style". In French, the term "Roman" to summarize the style of Western religious architecture in the 11th and 12th centuries was first proposed by the Norman scholar Charles de Gerville in a letter to a friend in 1818. Prior to this, most Western medieval religious buildings in France were classified under the term "Gothic". At most, a few scholars distinguished between the three stages of Merovingian style, Carolingian style and Gothic style, or early Gothic and Gothic styles. Late Gothic can also be divided into two stages: heavy Gothic and light Gothic. De Gerville summarized the architectural style with "Romansh", a term used by linguists in the eighteenth century to refer to the language family that evolved from Latin. His intention was to use the relationship between Latin and Romance languages ??to imply that ancient Roman art and The relationship between Romance art, that is, the latter is a variant of the former. In the UK, the word "romanesque" to summarize this architectural style first appeared in 1819; German scholars initially hesitated between the three words teutsch, longobardisch and romantische, but in the 1830s they preferred the word romantishce. .
European architectural style - Gothic architecture
2. Gothic architecture (English: Gothic architecture), or translated as Gothic architecture, is a type of architecture that flourished at the peak of the Middle Ages and Late architectural style. It developed from Romanesque architecture and was inherited by Renaissance architecture.
Origined in France in the 12th century and lasting until the 16th century, Gothic architecture is generally called "French style" (Opus Francigenum) in contemporary times. The term "Gothic" is used in literature and art. Appeared in the late Renaissance, with a derogatory connotation. Features of Gothic architecture include pointed arches, ribbed vaults and flying buttresses.
Gothic architecture is most common in cathedrals, monasteries and churches in Europe. It is also found in many castles, palaces, town halls, guild halls, universities, and even private residences.
The overall style of Gothic architecture is tall and thin. It expresses strong emotions of mystery, pathos and sublimity with excellent architectural skills, and has a great influence on other arts in later generations. Invaluable architectural art such as the Gothic Cathedral, listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site, has become a study in cathedrals and churches.
In the 18th century, England began a series of Gothic revivals, which spread to Europe in the 19th century and continued into the 20th century, mainly affecting church and university buildings.
European architectural style - Renaissance architecture
3. Renaissance architecture was born in Italy in the 14th century AD with the cultural movement of the Renaissance. Architectural style. Based on the criticism of the theocratic supremacy of the Middle Ages and the affirmation of humanism, the architect hopes to use classical proportions to reshape the coordinated order of the ideal classical society. Therefore, generally speaking, Renaissance architecture pays attention to order and proportion, with rigorous facade and plan composition as well as column systems inherited from classical architecture.
Italian Renaissance architecture occupies the most important position in Renaissance architecture. Renaissance architecture is an architectural style popular in Europe from the 15th to the 19th century, sometimes including Baroque architecture and classicism architecture. Originated in Florence, Italy. In theory, it is based on the Renaissance trend; in terms of shape, it rejects the Gothic architectural style that symbolizes the supremacy of theocracy, and advocates the revival of the architectural form of the ancient Roman period, especially the classical column proportions, semicircular arches, and dome-centered buildings. Body etc.
European architectural style - Baroque architecture
4. Baroque architecture originated in Italy in the seventeenth century, adding new splendor to the original Roman humanistic Renaissance architecture. , exaggeration and sculpture, showing the great achievements of the absolutism of the state and the church. This new style of architecture focuses on color, light and shadow, sculpture and strong Baroque features.
The Renaissance brought wealth and power to the Italian courts and was a combination of secular and religious power. The Baroque, at least in its early days, was directly related to the Counter-Reformation, the revolutionary movement within the Catholic Church that corresponded to the Reformation. The Council of Trent (1545–1563) is generally regarded as the beginning of the Counter-Reformation.
The buildings of the Baroque period, on the one hand, have stronger emotional appeal and shocking power, on the other hand, they are eye-catching and show off the wealth and power of the church. The new architectural style particularly reflected the background of new religious sects, such as the Theatines and the Jesuits, whose goal was to increase religious universality and piety. In the mid-seventeenth century, the Baroque style turned to luxurious palaces, first in France - such as Chateau de Maisons (1642), located near Paris and designed by Fran?ois Mansart - and later All over Europe.
The Rococo architectural style originated in France in the 18th century. It was originally developed to oppose the red tape art of the court. The word Rococo is derived from the French Rocaille and the Italian Barocco. Rocaille is an interior decoration made of a mixture of shells and pebbles, while Barocco means Baroque. Rococo was later replaced by Neoclassicism.
The basic characteristics of Rococo style are delicate and delicate, gorgeous and delicate, sweet and gentle, and complicated and detailed. Rococo style uses abstract flame-shaped, leaf-shaped or shell-shaped patterns, asymmetric lace and curved compositions to show neat and vivid, magical and carved forms. Rococo style design, whether used in interior design, home decoration design, or even architectural exterior design, cannot be ignored.
The characteristics of the Rococo architectural style are: bright colors and delicate decorations are used indoors, and the furniture is also very delicate and cumbersome, unlike the Baroque style with strong colors and rich decorations. Generally speaking, Rococo architecture refers to a purely interior style. Because when the wealthy aristocrats moved back to Paris from Versailles, Paris was already a developed city. Therefore, most of them directly decorate the original buildings in new styles, and rarely rebuild new large buildings.
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