Oenanthe javanica likes to be cold and cold, and is relatively cold-resistant. The optimum growth temperature is about 15 ~ 20℃. The growth of stems and leaves stopped below 10℃ and slowed down above 25℃. Oenanthe javanica is suitable to grow in the season with short sunshine time, and it is cultivated in low-lying paddy fields and swamps in most parts of China with high benefits. Most afraid of drought, there should be enough water in the whole growth period, and generally a shallow water layer should be maintained to avoid flooding leaves.
The seeds of Oenanthe javanica have strong germination ability and the seedlings grow slowly. Generally, seeds are not used for propagation, and they all overwinter in water with old yellow stems and leaves, and germinate and propagate the next year.
The leaves of Oenanthe javanica are odd compound leaves. According to the shape of the leaflets in compound leaves, the varieties of Oenanthe javanica can be divided into two kinds: round leaf celery and pointed leaf celery. Celery leaves are nearly oval, the leaf margin is obtuse and serrated, the petiole is green, it is light green in water and white in soil, with more fibers, strong fragrance and poor quality; Celery leaves are wide and oval, the leaf margin is blunt and serrated, the petiole tissue is dense, the fiber is few, and the fragrance is strong. The main varieties commonly used in production are:
(1) Yuqi rhubarb leaves
Local varieties in Yuqi Town, Xishan City, Jiangsu Province. The plant height is 60 ~ 70 cm. Petiole is about 50 cm long and light green. The leaflets are ovate and the leaves are green. The upper part of the stem is blue-green, and the lower part is white and green. The stem is stout, filled with parenchyma cells in the middle, with strong fragrance, less fiber and excellent quality. Suitable for shallow water cultivation or dry farming, with middle and late maturity. It is planted locally in late August, and harvested in May 438+February in June, and can be harvested in succession until late March of the following year. The output per 667 square meters is 3500 ~ 5000 kg.
(2) Su Qin
Local varieties in Loufeng Township, a suburb of Suzhou City, Jiangsu Province. The plant height is 50 ~ 55 cm, and the petiole is 35 ~ 40 cm long. Leaflets are nearly round, Julia green, and the leaf margin is coarsely serrated. The upper part of petiole is green, the middle part is green and white, and the water part is white. The stem base is thick and the growth potential is weak. Less fiber content and good taste. After softening, it is resistant to deep burial and suitable for deep-water culture.
(3) Changshu white celery
Local varieties in Changshu City, Jiangsu Province. The plant height is about 45 cm, the petiole is 30 cm long, the leaves are yellow-green, the leaflets are oval, but the top is sharp and the leaf margin is shallow. Petiole and stem are green and white. Fast growth, less fiber and strong fragrance. Erect stolons are white and of good quality, suitable for shallow water cultivation or dry farming. It is early-maturing, planted locally in late August, and harvested in the middle and late October of 165438+ 10. It can be harvested until the end of the year, but it cannot be delayed until the next spring harvest.
(4) Yixing Oenanthe javanica
Local varieties in Yixing City, Jiangsu Province. Mainly distributed in Lishui, Liyang and Gaochun. The plant height is about 50 cm. The petiole is about 35 cm long, the upper part of the petiole is blue, the lower part is white, and the petiole is like a handle. The leaves are green, wrinkled and deeply nicked. Strong aroma, less crude fiber and good quality. Suitable for dry farming or shallow water cultivation, with a yield of about 5000 kg per 667 m2.
(5) Liyang Baiqin
Local varieties in liyang city, Jiangsu. The plant height is 45 ~ 50 cm, the petiole is 30 cm long and the leaves are yellow-green. Petiole is turquoise on the ground and white in the soil. It has strong tolerance to fertilizers and poor cold resistance. It has a strong fragrance and a crisp and slightly sweet taste. This variety is mainly cultivated in dry land in Liyang area and can also be cultivated in shallow water fields. It is planted locally in September, harvested at1late October 165438+ and harvested in February of the following year. Dry farming yields 2500 ~ 3000kg； per 667 m2; The yield of hydroponics is 4000 ~ 5000 kg per 667 square meters.
(6) Oenanthe javanica
Originated in the suburbs of Yangzhou City, Jiangsu Province, it was once distributed in Baoying, Gaoyou, Taizhou and other counties and cities to which Yangzhou belongs. The plant is slender, with a plant height of 70-80 cm and a maximum of 90 cm. The compound leaves are 20 cm long and 12 cm wide, the petiole is about 30 cm long, and the leaflets are pointed and oval. The stem is hollow, the upper part is light green, and the lower part is white-green to white in water. The stems and leaves contain a little more crude fiber and are of medium quality. It is a medium-mature variety, generally planted locally in late August, and harvested in early June 65438+February. It can be harvested in stages until the end of March of the following spring. The yield of this variety is high, generally about 5000 kg per 667m2, and it can reach 7000 kg in high-yield fields.
(7) Oenanthe javanica
Guangzhou local varieties. The plant height is 70 ~ 80 cm. Petiole is about 50 cm long and green. The leaves are light green, and the leaflets are rhombic, which belongs to the pointed leaf variety. Resistant to fertilizer, heat and cold. It is precocious. It was planted locally in June11~ June 65438+February and harvested in June1~ March of the following year. Suitable for deep-water cultivation, with a yield of 3000 ~ 4000 kg per 667 m2.
(8) Changzhou pig excrement beans
Local varieties in Changzhou City, Jiangsu Province. The plant height is 50 ~ 65cm. The petiole is 30 ~ 40 cm long, the petiole is partially green above the water surface and partially white in the water. The leaves are oval, green, with little fiber, crisp and tender taste, and fragrant. Strong cold tolerance. Suitable for shallow water cultivation or dry farming, the water yield per 667㎡ is about 4000 kg, and dry farming is about 2500 kg.