What is Amomum villosum? Also known as Yangchun Sha. Amomum villosum is Amomum villosum. Amomum villosum is a perennial herb. It is the fruit or seed of tropical and subtropical zingiberaceae plants, and is a commonly used aromatic medicine in traditional Chinese medicine. Plant height 1.5-3m, stems scattered; Rootstocks crawl on the ground, and the nodes are covered with brown membranous scales. The rhizome is thick and reddish brown. The seed ball is divided into 3 petals, each petal contains 5-9 seeds. The seeds are fragrant and used as spices. They are slightly spicy and taste like camphor. In the East, it is a condiment for dishes, especially curry dishes. In Scandinavia, it is often used to flavor pasta and is also an aromatic medicine commonly used by Chinese medicine.
Amomum villosum has high ornamental value, with flowers in early summer and fruits in midsummer.
As a medicine, Guangdong Yangchun has the best quality. It is mainly used for treating spleen and stomach qi stagnation, dyspepsia, abdominal pain, diaphragmatic vomiting, cold diarrhea and cold dysentery.
Morphological characteristics of Amomum villosum
Amomum villosum is also called Amomum villosum. The plant height of Amomum villosum in Changtai (Fujian) is1.5-3m, and the stems are scattered. Rootstocks crawl on the ground, and the nodes are covered with brown membranous scales. The middle leaf blade is lanceolate, 37 cm long and 7 cm wide, and the upper leaf blade is linear, 25 cm long and 3 cm wide, with a tail tip at the top, a nearly round base, smooth and hairless on both sides, sessile or nearly sessile; Ligule semicircular, 3-5 mm long; There is a concave grid on the leaf sheath.
Spikes are elliptic, the total pedicel is 4-8 cm long, and is short brown tomentose; Scales membranous, oval, brown or green; Bracts lanceolate, 65438 0.8 mm long and 0.5 mm wide, membranous; Bracteoles are tubular, 65438 00 mm long, with oblique mouth on one side and hairless membrane; Calyx tube is 65438 0.7 cm long, with three shallow teeth at the top, white base and sparse pilosity; Corolla tube length 1.8 cm; Lobe obovate oblong, length 1.6-2 cm, width 0.5-0.7 cm, white; The lip is spoon-shaped, about 1.6-2 cm long and wide, white, with two sharp tips at the top, yellow, convex midvein, yellow-purple, and two purple scabs at the base with stems; Filaments are 5-6 mm long and anthers are about 6 mm long; Connective appendage trifoliate, terminal lobe semicircular, about 3 mm high and 4 mm wide, with two ears and 2 mm wide; 2 glands, cylindrical, 3.5 mm long; Ovary is white pilose.
Capsule oval, length1.5-2cm, width1.2-2cm. It is purplish red when it is mature and brown when it is dry, and its surface is covered with soft thorns that don't crack. The seeds are polygonal, fragrant and bitter. Flowering: May-June; Result period: August-September.
The efficacy and function of Amomum villosum is a commonly used Chinese medicine, formerly known as shrinking Amomum villosum. Its medicinal use can be divided into Amomum villosum, Shrinking Amomum villosum and Hainan Amomum villosum. After the fruit is ripe, it is harvested, dried in the sun or baked with slow fire, that is, Amomum villosum with shell. Peel off the skin and dry the seeds, which is Amomum villosum. Yangchun sand is mainly produced in Guangdong and Guangxi, and some of it is imported from Southeast Asia and other countries. Among them, the spring sand (fruit) has obvious curative effect and excellent quality, and enjoys a high reputation in the international medicinal material market.
Amomum villosum is warm and pungent, and has the effects of promoting qi circulation, regulating middle warmer, harmonizing stomach and strengthening spleen. It can be used for treating damp and turbid middle energizer, abdominal pain, dyspepsia, emesis and diarrhea, poor pregnancy, and fetal movement.
Efficacy of Amomum villosum
Sexual taste
Pungent; Sexual temperature.
Outline: pungent, warm, astringent and nontoxic.
Meridian tropism
Enter the spleen and stomach meridian.
Efficacy indication
Regulating qi and strengthening stomach and spleen. Treat abdominal pain, abdominal distension, dyspepsia, choking, cold diarrhea and cold dysentery, fetal movement during pregnancy.
"Theory of Medicinal Properties": "Treat air-conditioned abdominal pain, stop gas dysentery and strain, digest Shui Gu, and warm the spleen and stomach."
Compendium of Materia Medica: "Cough due to upper breath, running dolphin, convulsion and epilepsy."
"Rihuazi Materia Medica": "Treat qi, cholera, heart and abdominal pain."
Zhang: "Treat spleen and stomach qi stagnation."
Eliminating dampness and promoting qi circulation
Used for dampness blocking middle energizer and qi stagnation of spleen and stomach. This product is good at eliminating dampness and promoting qi circulation, and is a good medicine for invigorating spleen and regulating stomach. For damp and turbid internal resistance and immobile middle qi, it is often combined with Atractylodes rhizome, Magnolia officinalis and Amomum villosum to treat abdominal distension, anorexia, nausea and vomiting. Such as spleen deficiency and qi stagnation, use Codonopsis pilosula and Atractylodes macrocephala, such as Xiangsha Liujunzi Pill.
Warming the middle warmer to stop diarrhea.
Used for vomiting and diarrhea caused by weakness of spleen and stomach. Because it can dispel dampness, promote qi circulation, regulate vomiting, warm spleen and stop diarrhea, it can be swallowed by grinding alone, or combined with dried ginger and aconite.
Regulating qi and preventing miscarriage
Used for poor pregnancy and fetal movement. This product can promote the circulation of qi, harmonize middle warmer and prevent miscarriage. For patients with vomiting due to qi deficiency in pregnancy and restless fetal movement, it can be combined with Atractylodes macrocephala and Su Terrier.
Stiffness and suffocation of bones
Compendium of Materia Medica: Turning steel into bone? Bone-to-vegetation medicine and Fang Tu Lian Huang San are used. Although I don't know how the truth can cure this thing, it has been used repeatedly in clinic. For reference.
Amomum: Xin, Wen. Enter spleen, stomach and kidney meridians. Has the effects of eliminating dampness, stimulating appetite, warming spleen, relieving diarrhea, regulating qi and preventing miscarriage. Can be used for treating dampness and turbidity, anorexia, deficiency and cold of spleen and stomach, vomiting and diarrhea, poor pregnancy and fetal movement.
Warming kidney and lowering qi
Amomum villosum is warm and fragrant, but it can escape, which is in harmony with the qi of the five internal organs, so it has the function of reducing qi and returning to the source, so it can cure the symptoms of deficiency fire running dolphins and floating up.
The role of Amomum villosum
Amomum villosum, Xin, Wen. Spleen and stomach meridian. Eliminating dampness and activating qi, warming to stop vomiting, warming the middle warmer to stop diarrhea, and preventing miscarriage. It can be used for spleen-soil dampness stagnation and spleen-stomach qi stagnation, with symptoms of abdominal distension, nausea, anorexia, dyspepsia, vomiting and diarrhea fatigue. It is often combined with Dangshen, Atractylodes macrocephala and Poria, such as Xiangsha Liujunzi Decoction. Modern medicine is used for chronic gastritis, gastric ulcer and dyspepsia. Amomum villosum also has the function of protecting fetus. It is often used with Atractylodes macrocephala and Peristal Peduncle to treat fetal movement and vomiting during pregnancy. Amomum villosum has high ornamental value, with flowers in early summer and fruits in midsummer.
Regulating gastrointestinal function
The effect of this product on gastrointestinal movement is bidirectional. On the one hand, Fructus Amomi decoction can obviously increase the rhythmic movement of isolated intestinal smooth muscle in guinea pigs and increase the contraction amplitude and frequency of ileum. Therefore, taking Amomum villosum in clinic can promote gastric juice secretion, enhance gastrointestinal peristalsis and enhance digestive function. On the other hand, increasing the dose of Amomum villosum can antagonize the excitatory effect of acetylcholine and barium chloride on the intestinal tract, weaken the intestinal tension, reduce the amplitude, and have spasmolytic and analgesic effects. Amomum villosum can also significantly reduce gastric acid secretion in rats and inhibit stress ulcer in mice. Its mechanism may be to promote the release of prostaglandin from gastric mucosal cells, thus inhibiting gastric acid secretion.
Effect on platelet aggregation function
Rabbits weigh (2.0-2.6kg), with 3-4 rabbits in each group. The administration group was divided into two dosage groups, Amomum villosum 0.6 and 1.2g/kg respectively, while the control group was given the same dosage of solvent orally. After 15, 30, 60 and 90 minutes, blood was collected from carotid artery, and PRP and PPP were prepared by centrifugation. The platelet aggregation rate (%) was measured by platelet aggregation instrument with ADP as aggregation agent. The results showed that Amomum villosum could obviously inhibit platelet aggregation.
Effect on digestive system
Effect on isolated intestinal smooth muscle: A small intestine of rats, guinea pigs or rabbits was placed in a Taylor bath, and the changes of intestinal activity were recorded with a recorder to observe the effect of liquid medicine on intestinal spontaneous activity and antagonize the effects of acetylcholine and BaCl2.
Effect of arachidonic acid on acute death in mice
Mice (weight 20-22g), each group 10, two groups were given 0.6 and 1.2g/kg of Amomum villosum respectively, and the control group was given the same volume of solvent. Arachidonic acid was injected intravenously 1.5 hours after administration, and the mice died within 15 minutes. Results Two mice and 65,438+0 mice died in the two dosage groups of Amomum villosum (0.6 and 65,438+0.2g/kg), respectively. Compared with the control group (7 mice died), P < 0.00 1, indicating that Amomum villosum has obvious protective effect on the acute death of mice induced by arachidonic acid.
Effect of collagen and adrenaline mixture on mouse death