the name of longjing tea began in the song dynasty, and it didn't really become famous until the Qing dynasty. Historically, according to the origin, it was divided into five font sizes: lion, dragon, cloud, tiger and plum. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, it was merged into three font sizes: lion, dragon and plum. After the unified purchase and marketing of tea in the 195s, it was collectively called West Lake Longjing Tea.
The unique quality of West Lake Longjing tea is produced by special environmental moisture and soil conditions and unique processing technology. Longjing tea area is adjacent to the West Lake in the east, Qiantang River in the south, surrounded by mountains in the northwest, with rolling peaks, green mountains, towering ancient trees and streams flowing all over; Tea trees have been in the water-vapor ecological environment of "no rain and long streams, no clouds and water" for many years. White sandy soil and yellow-red loam, which are weathered from the residual slope deposits of "West Lake Shi Ying" rock, siltstone and silty mudstone, contain trace elements suitable for the formation of excellent tea quality.
longjing tea is famous for its spring, and there is longjing spring in longjing village, so it is not dry to fetch water all year round. According to legend, Longjing Spring leads directly to the East China Sea. As early as the Three Kingdoms period, people prayed for rain by the well. Li Deling, the chief soldier of the Ming Dynasty stationed in Zhejiang Province, was stationed at the foot of Fengling Mountain. In the thirteenth year of orthodoxy (1448), there was a drought in Hangzhou, and the ranks went to Longjing to get water. At that time, the flow was insufficient. Li Ling's soldiers dug the well and took out the silver bars, jade buddhas, gold ingots and other sacrifices to the gods in the Northern Song Dynasty. Dig out again, and suddenly the clouds are gathering and the spring water is surging. Later, Li De built a temple next to Longjing Spring and named it Longjing Temple after the spring, which is now Longjing Tea Room.
emperor Qing Qianlong visited the south of the Yangtze river for six times, inspected the Longjing tea area for four times, tasted tea and made poems, and gave 18 teas in front of Hugong Temple at the foot of Shifeng Mountain as imperial teas. The four poems give a profound description of the picking, frying, shape and quality of Longjing tea and the hard work of tea farmers. In the poem "brew tea Occasional in Sitting on Longjing Well", the taste, unique brew tea style, tea soil and picking season of Longjing new tea brewed by Longjing spring water are described, especially the elegant quality is praised, which makes Fengtuan Imperial Tea inferior. The full text of the poem is:
Longjing Spring, a new tea in Longjing, is called cooking.
The inch bud comes from rotten stone, before it is baked into Grain Rain.
there is no need for the phoenix group to boast of its royal name, and to talk about the fact that its tongue moistens its heart.
I'm ready to argue, but I'm still wordy when I laugh.
eloquence: presided over by Tianzhu Temple, surnamed Xu Wuxiang, eloquent in law number, died in Longjing at the age of 8 in 191.
Scholars in past dynasties praised West Lake Longjing Tea, and more than 4 monographs have been found. Su Dongpo and Tang Tao's quatrains "I want to compare the West Lake to the West Lake", "I've never been as good as a beautiful woman" and "I'm not allowed to be a tea farmer when the lakes and mountains return" reflect the literati's passion for Longjing tea.
After the founding of the People's Republic of China, the party and state leaders of the older generation, such as Chairman Mao, Premier Zhou and Chairman Zhu De, Deng Xiaoping, General Secretary Jiang and Chairman Li Peng, visited the tea area many times to pay attention to the production of Longjing tea. Chairman Mao wrote the words "Longjing tea, tiger running water, the best in the world". Chairman Zhu De wrote "Looking at the West Lake Tea District", "Shifeng Longjing produces famous tea and produces 1 teams; Open up a slope of 4 mu, and the annual income has increased. " Poetry. Premier Zhou Enlai visited meijiawu Village in Longjing Tea District five times to inspect and guide the production of Longjing tea, and personally revised "Tea Picking Dance Music" written by the famous composer Zhou Dafeng twice. Now meijiawu Village has a memorial hall for Premier Zhou Enlai, which has become a tourist spot in the tea area.
"Tea Picking Dance" has been included in the music teaching materials of primary and secondary schools by UNESCO. The lyrics say, "How quickly and economically to pick tea, how to change machines and how to change steel", which expresses that West Lake Longjing tea has made great contributions to the country's economic construction in the era of material shortage.
Today, when we are about to enter Hangzhou Station by train, we can hear the beautiful melody of "Tea Picking Dance Music" played on the train, which seems to have brought us to meijiawu and Longjing Temple in those days, and listened to Premier Zhou's teachings, * * * * businessmen and the country's construction plans; Drinking West Lake Longjing tea with Aisin Gioro Hung Li, talking about the past and talking about heroes today.