Principle of sodium citrate anticoagulation: Utilizing the property of citrate radicals and calcium ions to form soluble complexes, it can be used as an anticoagulant and blood transfusion agent to preserve and process blood products. Endogenous or administered substances that inhibit the action of thrombin, usually antithrombin III.

It prevents the coagulation process by affecting certain coagulation factors in the coagulation process. Normal people have a complete blood coagulation system and anticoagulation and fibrinolysis systems. The blood neither coagulates nor bleeds in the blood vessels and always flows freely to complete its functions. However, when the body is in a hypercoagulable state or the anticoagulation and fibrinolysis are weakened, , thromboembolic disease occurs.

Extended information:

AtIII is an inhibitor of thrombin and serine-containing proteases such as factors XIIα, XIIα, IXα, and Xα. It binds to thrombin through an arginine-serine peptide bond. The AtIII thrombin complex is formed to inactivate the enzyme, and heparin can accelerate this reaction by more than a thousand times.

The combination of heparin and the lysine contained in AtⅢ causes the conformation of ATⅢ to change, making it easier for the arginine residue contained in AtⅢ to bind to the serine residue of thrombin. Once the heparin-AtIII thrombin complex is formed, heparin dissociates from the complex and is combined with another AtIII molecule again for repeated use.

The AtIII-thrombin complex is eliminated by the reticuloendothelial system. The effect of inhibiting thrombin activity is related to the length of the heparin molecule. The longer the molecule, the greater the enzyme inhibitory effect.

Uses: Sodium citrate has the above-mentioned excellent properties, making it widely used. Sodium citrate is non-toxic, has pH adjustment properties and good stability, so it can be used in the food industry.

Sodium citrate is used as a food additive with the largest demand. It is mainly used as a flavoring agent, buffer, emulsifier, swelling agent, stabilizer and preservative.

During storage, it should be kept away from direct light, sealed and in a dry and cool place.

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