Currently, more than 1,900 papers have been published when searched in PubMed using the term "sulforaphane" (accessed on February 4, 2019 in PubMed). However, the number of clinical trials using fresh or processed broccoli sprouts is limited (Table 1). Not all trials quantified the bioactive content of the intervention material. Therefore, it is difficult to interpret their findings in a clinical context.

Table 1. Doses of radicicchioidin from low to high in selected clinical trials

Table 1 gives examples of the range of SFN doses used in selected clinical trials where the endpoints were common human diseases or disease biomarkers. Despite the short duration and small number of participants in these trials, these data provide a greater understanding of the potential of SFN as a clinical intervention. Despite the differences in dosage forms, study populations, and endpoints of the selected trials, a pattern emerges that suggests that a SFN dose of approximately 18 mg per day in conditions such as asthma and 27 to 40 mg per day in type 2 diabetes can be clinically effective.

References:

[1] A. S. Axelsson, E. Tubbs, B. Mecham et al. "Sulforaphane reduces hepatic glucose production and improves glucose control in patients with type 2 diabetes," Science Transla

tional Medicine, vol. 9, no. 394, article eaah4477, 2017.

< p> [2] K. Singh, S. L. Connors, E. A. Macklin et al. "Sulforaphane treatment of autism spectrum disorder (ASD)," Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, vol. 111, no. 43, pp. 15550-15555, 2014.